Contents

Title and Copyright Information

Preface

• Audience
• Documentation Accessibility
• Related Documents
• Conventions

1 Introduction to Oracle Database 2 Day + Real Application Clusters Guide

• About This Guide
  • What This Guide Is Not
  • Related Materials
  • Oracle Real Application Clusters Documentation Overview
    • Goal of This Guide
    • Installing Oracle RAC on Different Operating Systems
    • Useful Oracle RAC Guides
• About Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters
• About Oracle Automatic Storage Management
• Tools for Installing, Configuring and Managing Oracle RAC

2 Preparing Your Cluster

• Checking Requirements
  • Checking the Hardware Requirements
  • Identifying Network Requirements
  • Verifying the Installed Operating System and Software Requirements
• Preparing the Server
  • Configuring Operating System Users and Groups
  • Configuring the Secure Shell
    • Generating RSA and DSA Keys
    • Adding the Keys to an Authorized Key File
  • Configuring SSH User Equivalency
  • Configuring the Operating System Environment
• Configuring the Network
  • Verifying the Network Configuration
• Preparing the Operating System and Software
  • Setting the Time on Both Nodes
  • Configuring Kernel Parameters
  • Performing Platform-Specific Configuration Tasks
• Configuring Installation Directories and Shared Storage
  • Deciding on a Shared Storage Solution
  • Configuring the Raw Storage Devices and Partitions
    • Configuring Raw Devices on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0
  • Choosing an Oracle Base Directory
  • Choosing an Oracle Clusterware Home Directory

3 Installing and Configuring Oracle Clusterware and Oracle RAC

• Preparing the Oracle Media Installation File
• Installing Oracle Clusterware 10g
  • Configuring the Operating System Environment
  • Verifying the Configuration Using the Cluster Verification Utility
  • Using Oracle Universal Installer to Install Oracle Clusterware
  • Completing the Oracle Clusterware Configuration
• Configuring Automatic Storage Management in an ASM Home Directory
  • Verifying Your ASM Installation
• Installing the Oracle Database Software and Creating a Cluster Database
  • Verifying your Oracle RAC Database Installation
  • Configuring the Operating System Environment for Database Management
    • Update the oratab File
    • Reconfigure the User Shell Profile
• Performing Postinstallation Tasks
  • Verifying the Clusterware Installation
  • Backing Up the Voting Disk
  • Downloading and Installing RDBMS Patches
  • Verifying Oracle Enterprise Manager Operations
  • Recommended Postinstallation Tasks
    • Backing Up the root.sh Script
    • Configuring User Accounts
• Converting an Oracle Database to an Oracle RAC Database
  • Checking the Prerequisites
  • Making a Preconfigured Copy of the Single-Instance Database
  • Performing the Preinstallation Steps
  • Validating the Cluster
  • Copying the Preconfigured Database Files
  • Installing the Oracle Database 10g Software with Real Application Clusters

4 Administering Database Instances and Cluster Databases

• Overview of Oracle RAC Database Management
• Administering Oracle RAC with Enterprise Manager
  • Overview of Oracle Real Application Clusters: Oracle By Example Series
• Starting and Stopping Oracle RAC Databases and Database Instances
• Viewing and Modifying Oracle RAC Initialization Parameters
  • Configuring Initialization Parameters for an Oracle RAC Database
    • Parameters that Must Have Identical Settings on All Instances
    • Parameters that Must Have Unique Settings on All Instances
    • Parameters that Should Have Identical Settings on All Instances
  • Editing Initialization Parameter Settings for an Oracle RAC Database
    • Modifying Initialization Parameter for Oracle RAC Using the Current Tab
    • Modifying Initialization Parameter for Oracle RAC Using the SPFile Tab
    • Example: Modifying the OPEN_CURSORS Parameter
    • Modifying the SERVICE_NAMES Parameter for Oracle RAC
  • Configuring the Server Parameter File for Oracle Real Application Clusters
• Administering Storage in Oracle RAC
  • Administering Automatic Undo Management in Oracle RAC
  • Administering Automatic Storage Management in Oracle RAC
    • About Automatic Storage Management Components in Oracle RAC
    • Modifying Disk Group Configurations for ASM in Oracle RAC
    • Standalone ASM Disk Group Management
    • Administering ASM Instances and Disk Groups with Enterprise Manager
  • Administering Redo Logs in Oracle RAC
    • About Redo Log Groups and Redo Threads in Oracle RAC Databases
    • Using Enterprise Manager to View and Create Online Redo Log Files
• Exploring Your Cluster Database: Oracle By Example Series

5 Administering Oracle Clusterware Components

• About Oracle Clusterware
• Backing Up and Recovering Voting Disks
  • Backing Up Voting Disks
  • Recovering Voting Disks
• Adding and Removing Voting Disks
• Backing Up and Recovering the Oracle Cluster Registry
  • Viewing Available OCR Backups
  • Backing Up the OCR
  • Recovering the OCR
    • Restoring the Oracle Cluster Registry from Automatically Generated OCR Backups
    • Recovering the OCR from an OCR Export File
• Changing the Oracle Cluster Registry Configuration
  • Adding an OCR Location
  • Replacing an OCR
  • Repairing an Oracle Cluster Registry Configuration on a Local Node
  • Removing an Oracle Cluster Registry
• Troubleshooting the Oracle Cluster Registry
  • Using the OCRCHECK Utility
  • Resolving Common Oracle Cluster Registry Problems

6 Administering Backup and Recovery

• Overview of Oracle RAC Database Backup and Recovery
• Deploying a Flash Recovery Area in Oracle Real Application Clusters
• Archiving in Oracle Real Application Clusters
  • Configuring Archiving for Your Oracle RAC Database
  • About Instance Access to Archived Log Files
• Credentials for Performing Enterprise Manager Backup and Recovery
  • Configuring Backup Settings
• Performing Backups of Your Oracle RAC Database
  • About Parallelism and Backups Across Multiple Channels
  • Backing Up Archived Logs
• Preparing to Restore and Recover Your Oracle RAC Database
  • Configuring Access to the Redo Log Files
  • Putting the Oracle RAC Database Instances into the Correct State
• Recovering Your Oracle RAC Database
  • Recovering the Parameter File from an Automatic File Backup
  • About Restoring Archived Log Files
  • Performing Recovery Using Parallelism
• Managing Your Database Backups
• Displaying Backup Reports for Your Oracle RAC Database
• Performing Backups and Recovering Your Database: Oracle By Example Series

7 Managing Database Workload Using Services

• About Workload Management
  • About Oracle Services
    • Configuring Services for High Availability
  • About the Database Resource Manager
  • About Oracle RAC High Availability Framework
  • Enabling the Load Balancing Advisory
  • About Connection Load Balancing
    • Client-Side Load Balancing
    • Server-Side Load Balancing
  • About Runtime Connection Load Balancing
  • About Fast Application Notification (FAN)
    • About FAN Callouts
• Creating Services
  • Configuring Oracle Net to Support Services
• Administering Services
  • Administering Services with Enterprise Manager
    • Using the Cluster Managed Database Services Page
    • Using the Cluster Managed Database Services Detail Page
  • Configuring Service-Level Thresholds
  • Managing Services Using the Database Configuration Assistant
• Transparent Application Failover: Oracle By Example Series

8 Monitoring and Troubleshooting

• Using Performance Views in Oracle Real Application Clusters
  • GV$ Views
• Monitoring Oracle RAC Database Performance
  • Using the Cluster Database Performance Page
  • Reviewing the Chart for Cluster Host Load Average
  • Reviewing the Chart for Global Cache Block Access Latency
  • Reviewing the Cluster Cache Coherency Page
  • Reviewing the Chart for Average Active Sessions
  • Reviewing the Charts for Database Throughput
  • Reviewing Other Performance-Related Charts
    • Top Consumers Page
    • Top Sessions Page
    • Instance Activity Page
    • Top Segments Page
    • Database Locks Page
• Using the Automatic Workload Repository in Oracle RAC Environments
• Troubleshooting Configuration Problems in Oracle RAC Environments
  • Using CRSCTL to Diagnose Cluster Issues
    • Obtaining Oracle Clusterware Component Names
    • Enabling Debugging of Oracle Clusterware Components
    • Enabling and Disabling Oracle Clusterware Daemons
    • Locating the Oracle Clusterware Alert Log
    • Enabling Debugging for an Oracle Clusterware Resource
    • Checking the Status of the Oracle Clusterware Installation
    • Locating the Oracle Clusterware Component Log Files
    • Running the Oracle Clusterware Diagnostics Collection Script
  • Using the Cluster Verification Utility to Diagnose Problems
    • Enabling Tracing
    • Checking the Settings for the Interconnect
    • Troubleshooting a Node with Status of UNKNOWN
    • Verifying the Existence of Node Applications
    • Verifying the Integrity of Oracle Clusterware Components
    • Verifying the Integrity of the Oracle Cluster Registry
    • Verifying the Integrity of Your Entire Cluster
  • Viewing Oracle RAC Database Alerts
  • Viewing Oracle RAC Database Alert Log Messages

9 Adding Nodes and Instances

• Preparing Access to the New Node
• Extending the Oracle Clusterware Home Directory
• Extending the Oracle Automatic Storage Management Home Directory
• Extending the Oracle RAC Software Home Directory
• Creating a Listener on the New Node
• Adding a New Cluster Instance on the New Node

10 Managing Oracle Software and Applying Patches

• Configuring the Enterprise Manager Patch Interface
  • Setting Oracle MetaLink Credentials
  • Running the Refresh_From_Metalink Job
• Obtaining the Patch
• Preparing to Use OPatch
  • Check ORACLE_HOME Environment Variable
  • Perform a Backup
  • Stage the Patch on Each Node
  • Update the PATH Environment Variable
  • Configure SSH User Equivalency
• Applying Patches
  • All Node Patching
  • Rolling Patching
  • Minimum Downtime Patching
• Applying Patch Sets
• Troubleshooting Patch Deployment
  • Updating the Node List for OPatch
  • Viewing Log and Trace Files
  • Resolving the "Not a valid patch area" Error
  • Resolving the "Unable to remove a partially installed interim patch" Error

Index