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Contents
List of Tables
Title and Copyright Information
Preface
Intended Audience
Documentation Accessibility
Related Documents
Conventions
Changes in This Release for Oracle Grid Infrastructure Installation Guide
Changes in Oracle Grid Infrastructure 12
c
Release 1 (12.1)
1
Oracle Grid Infrastructure Installation Checklist
1.1
System Hardware, Software and Configuration Checklists
1.1.1
Oracle Grid Infrastructure Installation Server Hardware Checklist
1.1.2
Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle RAC Environment Checklist
1.1.3
Oracle Grid Infrastructure Network Checklist
1.1.4
Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle RAC Upgrades Checklist
1.1.5
Oracle Grid Infrastructure Storage Configuration Tasks
1.1.6
Oracle Grid Infrastructure Starting the Installation Tasks
2
Configuring Servers for Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle RAC
2.1
Checking Server Hardware and Memory Configuration
2.2
General Server Minimum Requirements
2.3
Server Storage Minimum Requirements
2.4
Server Memory Minimum Requirements
2.4.1
64-bit System and Linux on System z Minimum Memory Requirements
2.4.2
Shared Memory Requirements
3
Automatically Configuring Oracle Linux with Oracle Preinstallation RPM
3.1
Overview of Oracle Linux Configuration with Oracle RPMs
3.2
Installing the Oracle Preinstallation RPM From Unbreakable Linux Network
3.3
Installing Oracle Linux with Public Yum Repository Support
3.4
Installing the Oracle Preinstallation RPM From DVDs or Images
3.5
Additional Optional Operating System Configuration Tasks
3.5.1
Configure Ksplice Repository for Oracle Linux
3.5.2
Configure Additional Operating System Features
3.6
Required System Configuration for Oracle Grid Infrastructure
4
Configuring Operating Systems for Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle RAC
4.1
Guidelines for Linux Operating System Installation
4.1.1
Completing a Minimal Linux Installation
4.1.1.1
About Minimal Linux Installations
4.1.1.2
RPM Packages for Completing Operating System Configuration
4.1.1.3
Open SSH Requirement for Minimal Installation
4.1.2
Completing a Default Linux Installation
4.1.3
About Oracle Linux and the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel
4.1.4
About the Oracle Preinstallation RPM
4.1.5
Using Ksplice to Perform a Zero Downtime Update
4.2
Reviewing Operating System and Software Upgrade Best Practices
4.2.1
General Upgrade Best Practices
4.2.2
Oracle ASM Upgrade Notifications
4.2.3
Rolling Upgrade Procedure Notifications
4.3
Reviewing Operating System Security Common Practices
4.4
Using Installation Fixup Scripts
4.5
Logging In to a Remote System Using X Terminal
4.6
About Operating System Requirements
4.7
Operating System Requirements for x86-64 Linux Platforms
4.7.1
Supported Oracle Linux 7 and Red Hat Linux 7 Distributions for x86-64
4.7.2
Supported Oracle Linux 6 and Red Hat Linux 6 Distributions for x86-64
4.7.3
Supported Oracle Linux 5 and Red Hat Linux 5 Distributions for x86-64
4.7.4
Supported SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Distributions for x86-64
4.8
Operating System Requirements for IBM: Linux on System z
4.8.1
Supported Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Distributions for IBM: Linux on System z
4.8.2
Supported Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Distributions for IBM: Linux on System z
4.8.3
Supported SUSE Distributions for IBM: Linux on System z
4.9
Additional Drivers and Software Packages for Linux
4.9.1
Installation Requirements for Open Database Connectivity
4.9.1.1
About ODBC Drivers and Oracle Database
4.9.1.2
Installing ODBC Drivers for Linux x86-64
4.9.2
Installation Requirements for PAM on Linux
4.9.2.1
About PAM and Login Authentication
4.9.2.2
Installing PAM Library
4.9.3
Installation Requirements for OCFS2
4.9.3.1
About OCFS2 and Shared Storage
4.9.3.2
Installing OCFS2
4.9.4
Installation Requirements for Oracle Messaging Gateway
4.9.4.1
About Oracle Messaging Gateway
4.9.4.2
Installing Oracle Messaging Gateway
4.9.5
Installation Requirements for Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
4.9.5.1
About LDAP and Oracle Plug-ins
4.9.5.2
Installing the LDAP Package
4.9.6
Installation Requirements for Programming Environments for Linux
4.9.6.1
About Programming Environments and Oracle Database
4.9.6.2
Configuring Support for Programming Environments
4.9.7
Installation Requirements for Web Browsers
4.10
Checking the Software Requirements
4.11
Installing the cvuqdisk RPM for Linux
4.12
Checking Shared Memory File System Mount on Linux
4.13
Enabling the Name Service Cache Daemon
4.14
Setting the Disk I/O Scheduler on Linux
4.15
Setting Network Time Protocol for Cluster Time Synchronization
4.16
Using Automatic SSH Configuration During Installation
5
Configuring Networks for Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle RAC
5.1
Network Interface Hardware Requirements
5.2
IP Interface Configuration Requirements
5.3
Private Interconnect Redundant Network Requirements
5.4
IPv4 and IPv6 Protocol Requirements
5.5
Oracle Grid Infrastructure IP Name and Address Requirements
5.5.1
About Oracle Grid Infrastructure Name Resolution Options
5.5.2
Cluster Name and SCAN Requirements
5.5.3
IP Name and Address Requirements For Grid Naming Service (GNS)
5.5.4
IP Name and Address Requirements For Multi-Cluster GNS
5.5.4.1
About Multi-Cluster GNS Networks
5.5.4.2
Configuring GNS Server Clusters
5.5.4.3
Configuring GNS Client Clusters
5.5.4.4
Creating and Using a GNS Client Data File
5.5.5
IP Name and Address Requirements for Standard Cluster Manual Configuration
5.5.6
Confirming the DNS Configuration for SCAN
5.6
About Oracle Flex ASM Clusters Networks
5.7
Broadcast Requirements for Networks Used by Oracle Grid Infrastructure
5.8
Multicast Requirements for Networks Used by Oracle Grid Infrastructure
5.9
Domain Delegation to Grid Naming Service
5.9.1
Choosing a Subdomain Name for Use with Grid Naming Service
5.9.2
Configuring DNS for Cluster Domain Delegation to Grid Naming Service
5.10
Configuration Requirements for Oracle Flex Clusters
5.10.1
General Requirements for Oracle Flex Cluster Configuration
5.10.2
Oracle Flex Cluster DHCP-Assigned Virtual IP (VIP) Addresses
5.10.3
Oracle Flex Cluster Manually-Assigned Addresses
5.11
Grid Naming Service Standard Cluster Configuration Example
5.12
Manual IP Address Configuration Example
5.13
Network Interface Configuration Options
5.14
Multiple Private Interconnects and Oracle Linux
6
Configuring Users, Groups and Environments for Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle RAC
6.1
Creating Groups, Users and Paths for Oracle Grid Infrastructure
6.1.1
Determining If the Oracle Inventory and Oracle Inventory Group Exists
6.1.2
Creating the Oracle Inventory Group If an Oracle Inventory Does Not Exist
6.1.3
Creating the Oracle Grid Infrastructure User
6.1.3.1
Understanding Restrictions for Oracle Software Installation Owners
6.1.3.2
Determining if an Oracle Software Owner User Exists
6.1.3.3
Creating or Modifying an Oracle Software Owner User for Oracle Grid Infrastructure
6.1.4
About the Oracle Base Directory for the Grid User
6.1.5
About the Oracle Home Directory for Oracle Grid Infrastructure Software
6.1.6
Creating the Oracle Home and Oracle Base Directory
6.1.7
About Job Role Separation Operating System Privileges Groups and Users
6.1.8
Descriptions of Job Role Separation Groups and Users
6.1.8.1
Oracle Software Owner For Each Oracle Software Product
6.1.8.2
Standard Oracle Database Groups for Job Role Separation
6.1.8.3
Extended Oracle Database Groups for Job Role Separation
6.1.8.4
Oracle ASM Groups for Job Role Separation
6.1.9
Creating Job Role Separation Operating System Privileges Groups and User
6.1.9.1
Creating the OSDBA Group to Prepare for Database Installations
6.1.9.2
Creating an OSOPER Group for Database Installations
6.1.9.3
Creating the OSASM Group
6.1.9.4
Creating the OSOPER for ASM Group
6.1.9.5
Creating the OSDBA for ASM Group for Database Access to Oracle ASM
6.1.9.6
Oracle Software Owner User Installation Tasks
6.1.9.7
Creating Identical Database Users and Groups on Other Cluster Nodes
6.1.10
Example of Creating Minimal Groups, Users, and Paths
6.1.11
Example of Creating Role-allocated Groups, Users, and Paths
6.1.11.1
Oracle Grid Infrastructure Groups and Users Example
6.1.11.2
Oracle Database DB1 Groups and Users Example
6.1.11.3
Oracle Database DB2 Groups and Users Example
6.2
Configuring Grid Infrastructure Software Owner User Environments
6.2.1
Environment Requirements for Oracle Software Owners
6.2.2
Procedure for Configuring Oracle Software Owner Environments
6.2.3
Checking Resource Limits for the Oracle Software Installation Users
6.2.4
Setting Remote Display and X11 Forwarding Configuration
6.2.5
Preventing Installation Errors Caused by Terminal Output Commands
6.3
Enabling Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI)
6.3.1
Requirements for Enabling IPMI
6.3.2
Configuring the IPMI Management Network
6.3.3
Configuring the IPMI Driver
6.3.3.1
Configuring the Open IPMI Driver
6.3.3.2
Configuring the BMC
6.4
Determining Root Script Execution Plan
7
Configuring Storage for Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle RAC
7.1
Reviewing Oracle Grid Infrastructure Storage Options
7.1.1
Supported Storage Options
7.1.2
About Oracle ACFS and Oracle ADVM
7.1.2.1
About Oracle ACFS and Oracle ADVM
7.1.2.2
Oracle ACFS and Oracle ADVM Support on Linux
7.1.2.3
Restrictions and Guidelines for Oracle ACFS
7.1.3
General Storage Considerations for Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle RAC
7.1.3.1
General Storage Considerations for Oracle Clusterware
7.1.3.2
General Storage Considerations for Oracle RAC
7.1.4
Guidelines for Using Oracle ASM Disk Groups for Storage
7.1.5
Using Logical Volume Managers with Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle RAC
7.1.6
After You Have Selected Disk Storage Options
7.2
About Shared File System Storage Configuration
7.2.1
Guidelines for Using a Shared File System with Oracle Grid Infrastructure
7.2.2
Requirements for Oracle Grid Infrastructure Shared File System Volume Sizes
7.2.3
Deciding to Use a Cluster File System for Oracle Clusterware Files
7.2.4
About Direct NFS Client and Data File Storage
7.2.4.1
About Direct NFS Client Storage
7.2.4.2
About Direct NFS Client Configuration
7.2.4.3
About the oranfstab File and Direct NFS Client
7.2.4.4
About Mounting NFS Storage Devices with Direct NFS Client
7.2.5
Deciding to Use NFS for Data Files
7.3
Configuring Operating System and Direct NFS Client
7.3.1
Configuring Operating System NFS Mount and Buffer Size Parameters
7.3.2
Checking Operating System NFS Mount and Buffer Size Parameters
7.3.3
Checking NFS Mount and Buffer Size Parameters for Oracle RAC
7.3.4
Checking TCP Network Protocol Buffer for Direct NFS Client
7.3.5
Enabling Direct NFS Client Oracle Disk Manager Control of NFS
7.3.6
Enabling Hybrid Columnar Compression on Direct NFS Client
7.3.7
Specifying Network Paths with the Oranfstab File
7.3.8
Creating Directories for Oracle Clusterware Files on Shared File Systems
7.3.9
Creating Directories for Oracle Database Files on Shared File Systems
7.3.10
Disabling Direct NFS Client Oracle Disk Management Control of NFS
7.4
Oracle Automatic Storage Management Storage Configuration
7.4.1
Configuring Storage for Oracle Automatic Storage Management
7.4.1.1
Identifying Storage Requirements for Oracle Automatic Storage Management
7.4.1.2
Creating Files on a NAS Device for Use with Oracle ASM
7.4.1.3
Using an Existing Oracle ASM Disk Group
7.4.2
About Oracle ASM with Oracle ASM Filter Driver
7.4.3
Using Disk Groups with Oracle Database Files on Oracle ASM
7.4.3.1
Identifying and Using Existing Oracle Database Diskgroups on Oracle ASM
7.4.3.2
Creating Diskgroups for Oracle Database Data Files
7.4.3.3
Creating and Using Oracle ASM Credentials File
7.4.4
Configuring Oracle Automatic Storage Management Cluster File System
7.4.5
Upgrading Existing Oracle ASM Instances
7.5
Configuring Raw Logical Volumes on IBM: Linux on System z
8
Installing Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster
8.1
Installing Oracle Grid Infrastructure
8.1.1
Running OUI to Install Oracle Grid Infrastructure
8.1.2
Installing Oracle Grid Infrastructure Using a Cluster Configuration File
8.2
Installing Grid Infrastructure Using a Software-Only Installation
8.2.1
Installing the Software Binaries
8.2.2
Configuring the Software Binaries
8.2.3
Configuring the Software Binaries Using a Response File
8.2.4
Setting Ping Targets for Network Checks
8.3
Confirming Oracle Clusterware Function
8.4
Confirming Oracle ASM Function for Oracle Clusterware Files
8.5
Understanding Offline Processes in Oracle Grid Infrastructure
9
Oracle Grid Infrastructure Postinstallation Procedures
9.1
Required Postinstallation Tasks
9.2
Recommended Postinstallation Tasks
9.2.1
Tuning Semaphore Parameters
9.2.2
Create a Fast Recovery Area Disk Group
9.2.2.1
About the Fast Recovery Area and the Fast Recovery Area Disk Group
9.2.2.2
Creating the Fast Recovery Area Disk Group
9.2.3
Checking the SCAN Configuration
9.2.4
Downloading and Installing the ORAchk Health Check Tool
9.2.5
Setting Resource Limits for Oracle Clusterware and Associated Databases and Applications
9.3
Using Earlier Oracle Database Releases with Oracle Grid Infrastructure
9.3.1
General Restrictions for Using Earlier Oracle Database Versions
9.3.2
Managing Server Pools with Earlier Database Versions
9.3.3
Making Oracle ASM Available to Earlier Oracle Database Releases
9.3.4
Using ASMCA to Administer Disk Groups for Earlier Database Versions
9.3.5
Pinning Cluster Nodes for Oracle Database Release 10.x or 11.x
9.3.6
Using the Correct LSNRCTL Commands
9.4
Modifying Oracle Clusterware Binaries After Installation
10
How to Modify or Deinstall Oracle Grid Infrastructure
10.1
Deciding When to Deinstall Oracle Clusterware
10.2
Migrating Standalone Grid Infrastructure Servers to a Cluster
10.3
Relinking Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster Binaries
10.4
Changing the Oracle Grid Infrastructure Home Path
10.5
Unconfiguring Oracle Clusterware Without Removing Binaries
10.6
Removing Oracle Clusterware and Oracle ASM
10.6.1
About the Deinstallation Tool
10.6.1.1
Deinstalling Previous Release Grid Home
10.6.2
Deinstallation Tool Command Example for Oracle Grid Infrastructure
10.6.3
Deinstallation Response File Example for Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster
A
Troubleshooting the Oracle Grid Infrastructure Installation Process
A.1
Best Practices for Contacting Oracle Support
A.2
General Installation Issues
A.2.1
Other Installation Issues and Errors
A.3
Interpreting CVU "Unknown" Output Messages Using Verbose Mode
A.4
Interpreting CVU Messages About Oracle Grid Infrastructure Setup
A.5
About the Oracle Clusterware Alert Log
A.6
Missing Operating System Packages On Linux
A.7
Performing Cluster Diagnostics During Oracle Grid Infrastructure Installations
A.8
About Using CVU Cluster Healthchecks After Installation
A.9
Interconnect Configuration Issues
A.10
SCAN VIP and SCAN Listener Issues
A.11
Storage Configuration Issues
A.11.1
Recovery from Losing a Node Filesystem or Grid Home
A.11.2
Oracle ASM Library Driver Issues
A.11.3
Oracle ASM Issues After Upgrading Oracle Grid Infrastructure
A.11.4
Oracle ASM Issues After Downgrading Oracle Grid Infrastructure for Standalone Server (Oracle Restart)
A.12
Failed or Incomplete Installations and Upgrades
A.12.1
Completing Failed or Interrupted Upgrades
A.12.1.1
Continuing Upgrade When Force Upgrade in Rolling Upgrade Mode Fails
A.12.1.2
Continuing Upgrade When Upgrade Fails on the First Node
A.12.1.3
Continuing Upgrade When Upgrade Fails on Nodes Other Than the First Node
A.12.2
Completing Failed or Interrupted Installations
A.12.2.1
Continuing Incomplete Installations on First Node
A.12.2.2
Continuing Installation on Nodes Other Than the First Node
B
How to Upgrade to Oracle Grid Infrastructure 12
c
Release 1
B.1
Back Up the Oracle Software Before Upgrades
B.2
About Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle ASM Upgrade and Downgrade
B.3
Options for Oracle Grid Infrastructure Upgrades and Downgrades
B.4
Restrictions and Guidelines for Oracle Grid Infrastructure Upgrades
B.5
Preparing to Upgrade an Existing Oracle Clusterware Installation
B.5.1
Checks to Complete Before Upgrading Oracle Clusterware
B.5.2
Unset Oracle Environment Variables
B.5.3
Running the Oracle ORAchk Upgrade Readiness Assessment
B.6
Using CVU to Validate Readiness for Oracle Clusterware Upgrades
B.6.1
About the CVU Grid Upgrade Validation Command Options
B.6.2
Example of Verifying System Upgrade Readiness for Grid Infrastructure
B.7
Understanding Rolling Upgrades Using Batches
B.8
Performing Rolling Upgrade of Oracle Grid Infrastructure
B.8.1
Performing a Standard Upgrade from an Earlier Release
B.8.2
Completing an Oracle Clusterware Upgrade when Nodes Become Unreachable
B.8.3
Upgrading Inaccessible Nodes After Forcing an Upgrade
B.8.4
Changing the First Node for Install and Upgrade
B.9
Restrictions and Guidelines for Upgrading and Patching Oracle ASM
B.10
Performing Rolling Upgrade of Oracle ASM
B.10.1
Upgrading Oracle ASM Using ASMCA
B.11
Applying Patches to Oracle ASM
B.11.1
About Individual (One-Off) Oracle ASM Patches
B.11.2
About Oracle ASM Software Patch Levels
B.11.3
Patching Oracle ASM to a Software Patch Level
B.12
Updating Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control Target Parameters
B.12.1
Updating the Enterprise Manager Cloud Control Target After Upgrades
B.12.2
Updating the Enterprise Manager Agent Base Directory After Upgrades
B.13
Unlocking the Existing Oracle Clusterware Installation
B.14
Checking Cluster Health Monitor Repository Size After Upgrading
B.15
Downgrading Oracle Clusterware After an Upgrade
B.15.1
About Downgrading Oracle Clusterware After an Upgrade
B.15.2
Downgrading to Releases Before 11
g
Release 2 (11.2.0.2)
B.15.3
Downgrading to 11
g
Release 1 (11.2.0.2) or Later Release
C
Installing and Configuring Oracle Database Using Response Files
C.1
How Response Files Work
C.1.1
Reasons for Using Silent Mode or Response File Mode
C.1.2
General Procedure for Using Response Files
C.2
Preparing a Response File
C.2.1
Editing a Response File Template
C.2.2
Recording a Response File
C.3
Running the Installer Using a Response File
C.4
Running Net Configuration Assistant Using a Response File
C.5
Postinstallation Configuration Using a Response File
C.5.1
About the Postinstallation Configuration File
C.5.2
Running Postinstallation Configuration Using a Response File
D
Configuring Large Memory Optimization
D.1
Overview of HugePages
D.1.1
What HugePages Provides
D.2
Restrictions for HugePage Configurations
D.3
Disabling Transparent HugePages
E
Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster Installation Concepts
E.1
Understanding Preinstallation Configuration
E.1.1
Optimal Flexible Architecture Guidelines for Oracle Grid Infrastructure
E.1.2
Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster and Oracle Restart Differences
E.1.3
Understanding the Oracle Inventory Group
E.1.4
Understanding the Oracle Inventory Directory
E.1.5
Understanding the Oracle Base directory
E.1.6
Understanding the Oracle Home for Oracle Grid Infrastructure Software
E.1.7
Location of Oracle Base and Oracle Grid Infrastructure Software Directories
E.2
Understanding Network Addresses
E.2.1
About the Public IP Address
E.2.2
About the Private IP Address
E.2.3
About the Virtual IP Address
E.2.4
About the Grid Naming Service (GNS) Virtual IP Address
E.2.5
About the SCAN for Oracle Grid Infrastructure Installations
E.3
Understanding Network Time Requirements
E.4
Understanding Oracle Flex Clusters and Oracle ASM Flex Clusters
E.5
Understanding Storage Configuration
E.5.1
Understanding Oracle Automatic Storage Management Cluster File System
E.5.2
About Migrating Existing Oracle ASM Instances
E.5.3
Standalone Oracle ASM Installations to Clustered Installation Conversions
E.6
Understanding Out-of-Place Upgrade
F
How to Complete Preinstallation Tasks Manually
F.1
Configuring SSH Manually on All Cluster Nodes
F.1.1
Checking Existing SSH Configuration on the System
F.1.2
Configuring SSH on Cluster Nodes
F.1.2.1
Create SSH Directory, and Create SSH Keys On Each Node
F.1.2.2
Add All Keys to a Common authorized_keys File
F.1.3
Enabling SSH User Equivalency on Cluster Nodes
F.2
Configuring Kernel Parameters
F.2.1
Minimum Parameter Settings for Installation
F.2.2
Additional Parameter and Kernel Settings for SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
F.3
Setting UDP and TCP Kernel Parameters Manually
F.4
Configuring Storage Paths and Disk Devices
F.4.1
Configuring Storage Device Path Persistence Using Oracle ASMLIB
F.4.1.1
About Oracle ASM with Oracle ASMLIB
F.4.1.2
Configuring Oracle ASMLIB to Maintain Block Devices
F.4.1.3
Configuring Oracle ASMLIB for Multipath Disks
F.4.1.4
Deinstalling Oracle ASMLIB
F.4.2
Configuring Disk Devices Manually for Oracle ASM
F.4.2.1
About Device File Names and Ownership for Linux
F.4.2.2
Configuring a Permissions File for Disk Devices for Oracle ASM
F.5
Checking OCFS2 Version Manually
Index
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