2 Oracle Data Guard Installation

This chapter includes the following topics:

Oracle Data Guard Installation
Prerequisites

See Also:
Appendix A for help with upgrading to a new release in an Oracle Data Guard broker configuration

2.1 Oracle Data Guard Installation

Oracle Data Guard is included with the Enterprise Edition and Personal Edition of the Oracle database software. You can manage an Oracle Data Guard configuration by using either SQL*Plus, the Oracle Data Guard broker's command-line interface (DGMGRL), or a compatible version of Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control (Cloud Control).

Install the Oracle Enterprise Edition or Personal Edition database software on each location you expect to include in broker configurations. You must install a compatible version of Cloud Control if you want to use the graphical user interface for Oracle Data Guard.

In addition, to use fast-start failover you must install DGMGRL and run the observer software. Oracle recommends running the observer on a computer system that is separate from the primary and standby systems. To install DGMGRL on the observer computer, use one of the methods described in the following list:

Install the complete Oracle Client Administrator by choosing the Administrator option from Oracle Universal Installer.

This installation includes DGMGRL but it does not include the Cloud Control agent. This allows you to manage the observer using DGMGRL commands but not Cloud Control. (The Cloud Control agent can be installed separately.)
Install the full Oracle Database Enterprise Edition or Personal Edition software kit

This installation includes DGMGRL and the Cloud Control agent, allowing you to manage the observer using Cloud Control or DGMGRL commands.

Note:
The observer can be run from any platform that supports it, and that platform can be different from the platform of the primary or target standby database.

2.2 Prerequisites

The following conditions must be met before you can use the broker:

The primary and standby databases must be using the same version of Oracle Database and each can be installed in either a single-instance or multi-instance environment. The database must be licensed for Oracle Enterprise Edition or Personal Edition.
You must use a server parameter file (SPFILE) to ensure the broker can persistently reconcile values between broker properties and any related initialization parameter values. See Section 4.3.2 for more information.

If any of the databases in the configuration is an Oracle RAC database, you must configure the server parameter file (SPFILE) appropriately for use in an Oracle RAC environment.

See Also:
Oracle Real Application Clusters Administration and Deployment Guide for information about initialization files in an Oracle RAC
The value of the DG_BROKER_START initialization parameter must be set to TRUE. See Section 3.4 for more information. (Cloud Control sets this parameter automatically.)
If any of the databases in the configuration is an Oracle RAC database, you must set up the DG_BROKER_CONFIG_FILEn initialization parameters for that database such that they point to the same shared files for all instances of that database. The shared files could be files on a cluster file system, if available, or stored using Oracle A utomatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM).

See Also:
Configuration file information in Section 1.5.2. Also, see Section 3.3 for details about setting up the broker configuration file.
Oracle Net Services network configuration files must be set up on the primary database and on the standby database if you configure an existing standby database into the broker configuration. Cloud Control can assist you in creating the configuration files when creating a standby database.

See Also:
Oracle Database Net Services Administrator's Guide for more information about network configuration files
In a broker configuration, you use the DGConnectIdentifer property to specify a connect identifier for each database. The connect identifier for a database must:
- Allow all other databases in the configuration to reach it.
- Allow all instances of an Oracle RAC database to be reached.
- Specify a service that all instances dynamically register with the listeners so that connect-time failover on an Oracle RAC database is possible.
- Have failover attributes set to allow the primary database's Redo Transport Services to continue shipping redo data to an Oracle RAC standby database, even if the receiving instance of that standby database has failed.
See Also:
Oracle Database Net Services Administrator's Guide for more information about connect identifiers
To enable DGMGRL to restart instances during the course of broker operations, a static service must be registered with the local listener of each instance. A static service registration is also required to enable the observer to restart instances as part of automatic reinstatement of the old primary database after a fast-start failover has occurred. A static service needs to be defined and registered only if Oracle Clusterware or Oracle Restart is not being used.

By default, the broker assumes a static service name of db_unique_name_DGMGRL.db_domain and expects the listener has been started with the following content in the listener.ora file:
```
LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION =
     (ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=host_name)
     (PORT=port_num))))
SID_LIST_LISTENER=(SID_LIST=(SID_DESC=(SID_NAME=sid_name)
     (GLOBAL_DBNAME=db_unique_name_DGMGRL.db_domain)
     (ORACLE_HOME=oracle_home)
     (ENVS="TNS_ADMIN=oracle_home/network/admin")))
```
Alternatively, you can use a different static service name. If you do, be sure to modify the StaticConnectIdentifier instance-specific property to reflect the static service that has been registered.
See Also:
- See Oracle Database Net Services Administrator's Guide for more information about configuring static services
- See the My Oracle Support Note 1387859.1 at http://support.oracle.com for additional information about using static services and the StaticConnectIdentifier configurable property
The primary database must be opened in ARCHIVELOG mode.
You must set the COMPATIBLE initialization parameter to 11.2 or higher for both the primary and standby databases. However, if you want to take advantage of new Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1) features, then set the COMPATIBLE parameter to 12.1 on all databases within the Oracle Data Guard configuration.

For the broker to work, the COMPATIBLE initialization parameter must be set to the same value on both the primary and standby databases. If the values differ, redo transport services may be unable to transmit redo data from the primary database to the standby databases.
Select and configure a redo transport authentication method, as described in Oracle Data Guard Concepts and Administration.
As of Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1), for all databases to be added to a broker configuration, any LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n parameters that have the SERVICE attribute set, but not the NOREGISTER attribute, must be cleared.