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Contents

Title and Copyright Information

Preface

• Audience
• Documentation Accessibility
• Related Documents
• Conventions

Changes for Oracle Streams Replication Administrator's Guide

• Changes in Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1)

Part I Configuring Oracle Streams Replication

1 Preparing for Oracle Streams Replication

• Overview of Oracle Streams Replication
  • Common Reasons to Use Oracle Streams Replication
  • Rules in an Oracle Streams Replication Environment
• Decisions to Make Before Configuring Oracle Streams Replication
  • Decide Which Type of Replication Environment to Configure
    • About Two-Database Replication Environments
    • About Hub-And-Spoke Replication Environments
    • About N-Way Replication Environments
  • Decide Whether to Configure Local or Downstream Capture for the Source Database
  • Decide Whether Changes Are Allowed at One Database or at Multiple Databases
  • Decide Whether the Replication Environment Will Have Nonidentical Replicas
  • Decide Whether the Replication Environment Will Use Apply Handlers
  • Decide Whether to Maintain DDL Changes
  • Decide How to Configure the Replication Environment
• Tasks to Complete Before Configuring Oracle Streams Replication
  • Configuring an Oracle Streams Administrator on All Databases
  • Configuring Network Connectivity and Database Links
  • Ensuring That Each Source Database Is In ARCHIVELOG Mode
  • Setting Initialization Parameters Relevant to Oracle Streams
  • Configuring the Oracle Streams Pool
    • Using Automatic Memory Management to Set the Oracle Streams Pool Size
    • Using Automatic Shared Memory Management to Set the Oracle Streams Pool Size
    • Setting the Oracle Streams Pool Size Manually
    • Using the Default Setting for the Oracle Streams Pool Size
  • Specifying Supplemental Logging
    • Required Supplemental Logging in an Oracle Streams Replication Environment
    • Specifying Table Supplemental Logging Using Unconditional Log Groups
    • Specifying Table Supplemental Logging Using Conditional Log Groups
    • Dropping a Supplemental Log Group
    • Specifying Database Supplemental Logging of Key Columns
    • Dropping Database Supplemental Logging of Key Columns
    • Procedures That Automatically Specify Supplemental Logging
  • Configuring Log File Transfer to a Downstream Capture Database
  • Adding Standby Redo Logs for Real-Time Downstream Capture

2 Simple Oracle Streams Replication Configuration

• Configuring Replication Using the Setup Streams Replication Wizard
• Configuring Replication Using the DBMS_STREAMS_ADM Package
  • The Oracle Streams Replication Configuration Procedures
  • Important Considerations for the Configuration Procedures
    • Local or Downstream Capture for the Source Database
    • Perform Configuration Actions Directly or With a Script
    • Oracle Streams Components Configured by These Procedures
    • One-Way or Bi-Directional Replication
    • Data Definition Language (DDL) Changes
    • Instantiation
  • Creating the Required Directory Objects
  • Examples That Configure Two-Database Replication with Local Capture
    • Configuring Two-Database Global Replication with Local Capture
    • Configuring Two-Database Schema Replication with Local Capture
    • Configuring Two-Database Table Replication with Local Capture
  • Examples That Configure Two-Database Replication with Downstream Capture
    • Configuring Tablespace Replication with Downstream Capture at Destination
    • Configuring Schema Replication with Downstream Capture at Destination
    • Configuring Schema Replication with Downstream Capture at Third Database
  • Example That Configures Two-Database Replication with Synchronous Captures
  • Example That Configures Hub-and-Spoke Replication
  • Monitoring Oracle Streams Configuration Progress

3 Flexible Oracle Streams Replication Configuration

• Creating a New Oracle Streams Single-Source Environment
• Creating a New Oracle Streams Multiple-Source Environment
  • Configuring Populated Databases When Creating a Multiple-Source Environment
  • Adding Replicated Objects to Import Databases When Creating a New Environment
  • Complete the Multiple-Source Environment Configuration

4 Adding to an Oracle Streams Replication Environment

• About Adding to an Oracle Streams Replication Environment
  • About Using the Setup Streams Replication Wizard or a Single Configuration Procedure
  • About Adding the Oracle Streams Components Individually in Multiple Steps
• Adding Multiple Components Using a Single Procedure
  • Adding Database Objects to a Replication Environment Using a Single Procedure
  • Adding a Database to a Replication Environment Using a Single Procedure
• Adding Components Individually in Multiple Steps
  • Adding Replicated Objects to an Existing Single-Source Environment
  • Adding a New Destination Database to a Single-Source Environment
  • Adding Replicated Objects to an Existing Multiple-Source Environment
    • Configuring Populated Databases When Adding Replicated Objects
    • Adding Replicated Objects to Import Databases in an Existing Environment
    • Finish Adding Objects to a Multiple-Source Environment Configuration
  • Adding a New Database to an Existing Multiple-Source Environment
    • Configuring Databases If the Replicated Objects Already Exist at the New Database
    • Adding Replicated Objects to a New Database

5 Configuring Implicit Capture

• Configuring a Capture Process
  • Preparing to Configure a Capture Process
  • Configuring a Local Capture Process
    • Configuring a Local Capture Process Using DBMS_STREAMS_ADM
    • Configuring a Local Capture Process Using DBMS_CAPTURE_ADM
    • Configuring a Local Capture Process with Non-NULL Start SCN
  • Configuring a Downstream Capture Process
    • Configuring a Real-Time Downstream Capture Process
    • Configuring an Archived-Log Downstream Capture Process
  • After Configuring a Capture Process
• Configuring Synchronous Capture
  • Preparing to Configure a Synchronous Capture
  • Configuring a Synchronous Capture Using the DBMS_STREAMS_ADM Package
  • Configuring a Synchronous Capture Using the DBMS_CAPTURE_ADM Package
  • After Configuring a Synchronous Capture

6 Configuring Queues and Propagations

• Creating an ANYDATA Queue
• Creating Oracle Streams Propagations Between ANYDATA Queues
  • Preparing to Create a Propagation
  • Creating a Propagation Using DBMS_STREAMS_ADM
  • Creating a Propagation Using DBMS_PROPAGATION_ADM

7 Configuring Implicit Apply

• Overview of Apply Process Creation
• Preparing to Create an Apply Process
• Creating an Apply Process for Captured LCRs Using DBMS_STREAMS_ADM
• Creating an Apply Process Using DBMS_APPLY_ADM
  • Creating an Apply Process for Captured LCRs with DBMS_APPLY_ADM
  • Creating an Apply Process for Persistent LCRs with DBMS_APPLY_ADM

8 Instantiation and Oracle Streams Replication

• Overview of Instantiation and Oracle Streams Replication
• Capture Rules and Preparation for Instantiation
  • DBMS_STREAMS_ADM Package Procedures Automatically Prepare Objects
  • When Preparing for Instantiation Is Required
  • Supplemental Logging Options During Preparation for Instantiation
  • Preparing Database Objects for Instantiation at a Source Database
    • Preparing Tables for Instantiation
    • Preparing the Database Objects in a Schema for Instantiation
    • Preparing All of the Database Objects in a Database for Instantiation
  • Aborting Preparation for Instantiation at a Source Database
• Oracle Data Pump and Oracle Streams Instantiation
  • Data Pump Export and Object Consistency
  • Oracle Data Pump Import and Oracle Streams Instantiation
    • Instantiation SCNs and Data Pump Imports
    • Instantiation SCNs and Oracle Streams Tags Resulting from Data Pump Imports
    • The STREAMS_CONFIGURATION Data Pump Import Utility Parameter
  • Instantiating Objects Using Data Pump Export/Import
• Recovery Manager (RMAN) and Oracle Streams Instantiation
  • Instantiating Objects in a Tablespace Using Transportable Tablespace or RMAN
    • Instantiating Objects Using Transportable Tablespace
    • Instantiating Objects Using Transportable Tablespace From Backup With RMAN
  • Instantiating an Entire Database Using RMAN
    • Instantiating an Entire Database on the Same Platform Using RMAN
    • Instantiating an Entire Database on Different Platforms Using RMAN
• Setting Instantiation SCNs at a Destination Database
  • Setting Instantiation SCNs Using Export/Import
    • Full Database Export and Full Database Import
    • Full Database or User Export and User Import
    • Full Database, User, or Table Export and Table Import
  • Setting Instantiation SCNs Using the DBMS_APPLY_ADM Package
    • Setting the Instantiation SCN While Connected to the Source Database
    • Setting the Instantiation SCN While Connected to the Destination Database
• Monitoring Instantiation
  • Determining Which Database Objects Are Prepared for Instantiation
  • Determining the Tables for Which an Instantiation SCN Has Been Set

9 Oracle Streams Conflict Resolution

• About DML Conflicts in an Oracle Streams Environment
• Conflict Types in an Oracle Streams Environment
  • Update Conflicts in an Oracle Streams Environment
  • Uniqueness Conflicts in an Oracle Streams Environment
  • Delete Conflicts in an Oracle Streams Environment
  • Foreign Key Conflicts in an Oracle Streams Environment
• Conflicts and Transaction Ordering in an Oracle Streams Environment
• Conflict Detection in an Oracle Streams Environment
  • Control Over Conflict Detection for Nonkey Columns
  • Rows Identification During Conflict Detection in an Oracle Streams Environment
• Conflict Avoidance in an Oracle Streams Environment
  • Use a Primary Database Ownership Model
  • Avoid Specific Types of Conflicts
    • Avoid Uniqueness Conflicts in an Oracle Streams Environment
    • Avoid Delete Conflicts in an Oracle Streams Environment
    • Avoid Update Conflicts in an Oracle Streams Environment
• Conflict Resolution in an Oracle Streams Environment
  • Prebuilt Update Conflict Handlers
    • Types of Prebuilt Update Conflict Handlers
    • Column Lists
    • Resolution Columns
    • Data Convergence
  • Custom Conflict Handlers
• Managing Oracle Streams Conflict Detection and Resolution
  • Setting an Update Conflict Handler
  • Modifying an Existing Update Conflict Handler
  • Removing an Existing Update Conflict Handler
  • Stopping Conflict Detection for Nonkey Columns
• Monitoring Conflict Detection and Update Conflict Handlers
  • Displaying Information About Conflict Detection
  • Displaying Information About Update Conflict Handlers

10 Oracle Streams Tags

• Introduction to Tags
• Tags and Rules Created by the DBMS_STREAMS_ADM Package
• Tags and Online Backup Statements
• Tags and an Apply Process
• Oracle Streams Tags in a Replication Environment
  • N-Way Replication Environments
  • Hub-and-Spoke Replication Environments
  • Hub-and-Spoke Replication Environment with Several Extended Secondary Databases
• Managing Oracle Streams Tags
  • Managing Oracle Streams Tags for the Current Session
    • Setting the Tag Values Generated by the Current Session
    • Getting the Tag Value for the Current Session
  • Managing Oracle Streams Tags for an Apply Process
    • Setting the Tag Values Generated by an Apply Process
    • Removing the Apply Tag for an Apply Process
• Monitoring Oracle Streams Tags
  • Displaying the Tag Value for the Current Session
  • Displaying the Default Tag Value for Each Apply Process

11 Oracle Streams Heterogeneous Information Sharing

• Oracle to Non-Oracle Data Sharing with Oracle Streams
  • Change Capture and Staging in an Oracle to Non-Oracle Environment
  • Change Apply in an Oracle to Non-Oracle Environment
    • Apply Process Configuration in an Oracle to Non-Oracle Environment
    • Data Types Applied at Non-Oracle Databases
    • Types of DML Changes Applied at Non-Oracle Databases
    • Instantiation in an Oracle to Non-Oracle Environment
  • Transformations in an Oracle to Non-Oracle Environment
  • Messaging Gateway and Oracle Streams
  • Error Handling in an Oracle to Non-Oracle Environment
  • Example Oracle to Non-Oracle Streams Environment
• Non-Oracle to Oracle Data Sharing with Oracle Streams
  • Change Capture in a Non-Oracle to Oracle Environment
  • Staging in a Non-Oracle to Oracle Environment
  • Change Apply in a Non-Oracle to Oracle Environment
  • Instantiation from a Non-Oracle Database to an Oracle Database
• Non-Oracle to Non-Oracle Data Sharing with Oracle Streams

Part II Administering Oracle Streams Replication

12 Managing Oracle Streams Replication

• About Managing Oracle Streams
• Tracking LCRs Through a Stream
• Splitting and Merging an Oracle Streams Destination
  • About Splitting and Merging Oracle Streams
  • Split and Merge Options
    • Automatic Split and Merge
    • Manual Split and Automatic Merge
    • Manual Split and Merge With Generated Scripts
  • Examples That Split and Merge Oracle Streams
    • Splitting and Merging an Oracle Streams Destination Automatically
    • Splitting an Oracle Streams Destination Manually and Merging It Automatically
    • Splitting and Merging an Oracle Streams Destination Manually With Scripts
• Changing the DBID or Global Name of a Source Database
• Resynchronizing a Source Database in a Multiple-Source Environment
• Performing Database Point-in-Time Recovery in an Oracle Streams Environment
  • Performing Point-in-Time Recovery on the Source in a Single-Source Environment
  • Performing Point-in-Time Recovery in a Multiple-Source Environment
  • Performing Point-in-Time Recovery on a Destination Database
    • Resetting the Start SCN for the Existing Capture Process to Perform Recovery
    • Creating a New Capture Process to Perform Recovery
• Running Flashback Queries in an Oracle Streams Replication Environment
• Recovering from Operation Errors
  • Recovery Scenario

13 Comparing and Converging Data

• About Comparing and Converging Data
  • Scans
  • Buckets
  • Parent Scans and Root Scans
  • How Scans and Buckets Identify Differences
• Other Documentation About the DBMS_COMPARISON Package
• Quick Start: A Simple Compare and Converge Scenario
  • Tutorial: Preparing to Compare and Converge Data
  • Tutorial: Comparing Data in Two Different Databases
  • Tutorial: Converging Divergent Data
• Preparing To Compare and Converge a Shared Database Object
• Diverging a Database Object at Two Databases to Complete Examples
• Comparing a Shared Database Object at Two Databases
  • Comparing a Subset of Columns in a Shared Database Object
  • Comparing a Shared Database Object without Identifying Row Differences
  • Comparing a Random Portion of a Shared Database Object
  • Comparing a Shared Database Object Cyclically
  • Comparing a Custom Portion of a Shared Database Object
  • Comparing a Shared Database Object That Contains CLOB or BLOB Columns
• Viewing Information About Comparisons and Comparison Results
  • Viewing General Information About the Comparisons in a Database
  • Viewing Information Specific to Random and Cyclic Comparisons
  • Viewing the Columns Compared by Each Comparison in a Database
  • Viewing General Information About Each Scan in a Database
  • Viewing the Parent Scan ID and Root Scan ID for Each Scan in a Database
  • Viewing Detailed Information About the Row Differences Found in a Scan
  • Viewing Information About the Rows Compared in Specific Scans
• Converging a Shared Database Object
  • Converging a Shared Database Object for Consistency with the Local Object
  • Converging a Shared Database Object for Consistency with the Remote Object
  • Converging a Shared Database Object with a Session Tag Set
• Rechecking the Comparison Results for a Comparison
• Purging Comparison Results
  • Purging All of the Comparison Results for a Comparison
  • Purging the Comparison Results for a Specific Scan ID of a Comparison
  • Purging the Comparison Results of a Comparison Before a Specified Time
• Dropping a Comparison
• Using DBMS_COMPARISON in an Oracle Streams Replication Environment
  • Checking for Consistency After Instantiation
  • Checking for Consistency in a Running Oracle Streams Replication Environment

14 Managing Logical Change Records (LCRs)

• Requirements for Managing LCRs
• Constructing and Enqueuing LCRs
• Executing LCRs
  • Executing Row LCRs
    • Example of Constructing and Executing Row LCRs
  • Executing DDL LCRs
• Managing LCRs Containing LOB Columns
  • Apply Process Behavior for Direct Apply of LCRs Containing LOBs
  • LOB Assembly and Custom Apply of LCRs Containing LOB Columns
    • LOB Assembly Considerations
    • LOB Assembly Example
  • Requirements for Constructing and Processing LCRs Containing LOB Columns
    • Requirements for Constructing and Processing LCRs Without LOB Assembly
    • Requirements for Apply Handler Processing of LCRs with LOB Assembly
    • Requirements for Rule-Based Transformation Processing of LCRs with LOBs
• Managing LCRs Containing LONG or LONG RAW Columns

Part III Oracle Streams Replication Best Practices

15 Best Practices for Oracle Streams Replication Databases

• Best Practices for Oracle Streams Database Configuration
  • Use a Separate Queue for Capture and Apply Oracle Streams Clients
  • Automate the Oracle Streams Replication Configuration
• Best Practices for Oracle Streams Database Operation
  • Follow the Best Practices for the Global Name of an Oracle Streams Database
  • Monitor Performance and Make Adjustments When Necessary
  • Monitor Capture Process's and Synchronous Capture's Queues for Size
  • Follow the Oracle Streams Best Practices for Backups
    • Best Practices for Backups of an Oracle Streams Source Database
    • Best Practices for Backups of an Oracle Streams Destination Database
  • Adjust the Automatic Collection of Optimizer Statistics
  • Check the Alert Log for Oracle Streams Information
  • Follow the Best Practices for Removing an Oracle Streams Configuration at a Database
• Best Practices for Oracle Real Application Clusters and Oracle Streams
  • Make Archive Log Files of All Threads Available to Capture Processes
  • Follow the Best Practices for the Global Name of an Oracle RAC Database
  • Follow the Best Practices for Configuring and Managing Propagations
  • Follow the Best Practices for Queue Ownership

16 Best Practices for Capture

• Best Practices for Capture Process Configuration
  • Grant the Required Privileges to the Capture User
  • Set Capture Process Parallelism
  • Set the Checkpoint Retention Time
• Best Practices for Capture Process Operation
  • Configure a Heartbeat Table at Each Source Database in an Oracle Streams Environment
  • Perform a Dictionary Build and Prepare Database Objects for Instantiation Periodically
  • Minimize the Performance Impact of Batch Processing
• Best Practices for Synchronous Capture Configuration

17 Best Practices for Propagation

• Best Practices for Propagation Configuration
  • Use Queue-to-Queue Propagations
  • Set the Propagation Latency for Each Propagation
  • Increase the SDU in a Wide Area Network for Better Network Performance
• Best Practices for Propagation Operation
  • Restart Broken Propagations

18 Best Practices for Apply

• Best Practices for Destination Database Configuration
  • Grant Required Privileges to the Apply User
  • Set Instantiation SCN Values
  • Configure Conflict Resolution
• Best Practices for Apply Process Configuration
  • Set Apply Process Parallelism
  • Consider Allowing Apply Processes to Continue When They Encounter Errors
• Best Practices for Apply Process Operation
  • Manage Apply Errors

Part IV Appendixes

A Migrating Advanced Replication to Oracle Streams

• Overview of the Migration Process
  • Migration Script Generation and Use
  • Modification of the Migration Script
  • Actions Performed by the Generated Script
  • Migration Script Errors
  • Manual Migration of Updatable Materialized Views
  • Advanced Replication Elements that Cannot Be Migrated to Oracle Streams
• Preparing to Generate the Migration Script
• Generating and Modifying the Migration Script
  • Example Advanced Replication Environment to be Migrated to Oracle Streams
• Performing the Migration for Advanced Replication to Oracle Streams
  • Before Executing the Migration Script
  • Executing the Migration Script
  • After Executing the Script
• Re-creating Master Sites to Retain Materialized View Groups
• Example Advanced Replication to Oracle Streams Migration Script

Index