4 DBMS_WM Package: Reference

Format

DBMS_WM.Add_Topo_Geometry_Layer(

     topology IN VARCHAR2,

     table_name IN VARCHAR2,

     column_name IN VARCHAR2,

     tg_layer_type IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

topology

table_name

column_name

tg_layer_type

Usage Notes

This procedure has the same format and meaning as the SDO_TOPO.ADD_TOPO_GEOMETRY_LAYER procedure, which is documented in Oracle Spatial and Graph Topology Data Model and Network Data Model Graph Developer's Guide. However, you must use DBMS_WM.Add_Topo_Geometry_Layer, and not SDO_TOPO.ADD_TOPO_GEOMETRY_LAYER, to add a topology geometry layer from a version-enabled feature table to a topology. For information about Workspace Manager support for topologies, see Section 1.14.

The first call to this procedure for a given topology creates the <topology-name>_RELATION$ table, which is described in Oracle Spatial and Graph Topology Data Model and Network Data Model Graph Developer's Guide.

An exception is raised if topology, table_name, or column_name does not exist, if topology or table_name is not version-enabled, or if tg_layer_type is not one of the supported values.

Examples

The following example adds a topology geometry layer to the CITY_DATA topology. The topology geometry layer consists of polygon geometries in the FEATURE column of the LAND_PARCELS table.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.Add_Topo_Geometry_Layer('CITY_DATA', 'LAND_PARCELS', 'FEATURE', 'POLYGON');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.AddAsParentWorkspace(
   workspace         IN VARCHAR2,
   parent_workspace  IN VARCHAR2,
   auto_commit       IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

workspace

parent_workspace

auto_commit

Usage Notes

This procedure is part of the support for the multiparent workspaces feature, which is described in Section 1.1.10. If workspace has only one parent workspace, this procedure makes workspace a multiparent workspace. If workspace is already a multiparent workspace, this procedure adds another parent workspace to workspace.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• The value of the Workspace Manager system parameter ALLOW_MULTI_PARENT_WORKSPACES is OFF.

• The value of the Workspace Manager system parameter CR_WORKSPACE_MODE or NONR_WORKSPACE_MODE (whichever is applicable, depending on whether or not workspace is a continually refreshed workspace) is OPTIMISTIC_LOCKING.

• workspace or parent_workspace does not exist.

• parent_workspace is already in the ancestor hierarchy of workspace.

• auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

• There is a violation of a primary key constraint, referential integrity constraint, or unique constraint in the view of the data in a version-enabled table in workspace.

Examples

The following example adds Workspace4 as a parent workspace of Workspace3. (See the hierarchy illustration in Figure 1-3 in Section 1.1.10.)

-- Allow multiparent workspaces. (Required for AddAsParentWorkspace)
EXECUTE DBMS_WM.SetSystemParameter ('ALLOW_MULTI_PARENT_WORKSPACES', 'ON');
-- Make Workspace3 multiparent by adding Workspace4 as a parent.
EXECUTE DBMS_WM.AddAsParentWorkspace ('Workspace3', 'Workspace4');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.AddUserDefinedHint(
   hint_id   IN NUMBER,
   table_id  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   hint      IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL);

Parameters

hint_id

table_id

hint

Usage Notes

Use this procedure only if you are dissatisfied with the performance of any DBMS_WM package operations, and if you know how to use application tracing and SQL optimizer hints. For information about tracing, see the chapter about application tracing tools in Oracle Database SQL Tuning Guide.

In the trace output, any SQL statements using the DBMS_WM package that allow a user-defined hint include one or more comments in the following format:

/* WM$SQL (hint_id) (table_id) */

If you have identified a statement that is performing poorly, and if you know an optimizer hint that will improve performance, you can use the AddUserDefinedHint procedure to specify the hint that should be used for the specified hint ID. You can also indicate whether to use the specified hint associated with the hint ID only for a specified table, or for all tables.

If you specify the table_id parameter, the specified hint will be used only when SQL statements that use the hint ID access the specified table, and the default Workspace Manager-supplied hint will be used with other tables. If the table_id parameter is null, the specified hint will be used when any DBMS_WM statement use the hint ID.

If the hint parameter specifies an object name (such as an index name), the table_id parameter must not be null.

Any table aliases can be used within user-defined hints; however, standard scoping rules still apply.

To remove a user-defined hint (that is, to cause the default hint associated with a hint ID to be used), use the RemoveUserDefinedHint procedure.

Examples

The following example specifies a full table scan on the TABLE1 table and any associated Workspace Manager infrastructure tables when a SQL statement specifies hint ID 1101 with the SCOTT.TABLE1 table.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.AddUSerDefinedHint (1101, 'scott.table1', 'full(t1)');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.AlterSavepoint(
   workspace      IN VARCHAR2,
   sp_name        IN VARCHAR2,
   sp_description IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

workspace

sp_name

sp_description

Usage Notes

To see the current description of the savepoint, examine the DESCRIPTION column value for the savepoint in the ALL_WORKSPACE_SAVEPOINTS metadata view, which is described in Section 5.17.

An exception is raised if the user is not the workspace owner or savepoint owner or does not have the WM_ADMIN system privilege.

Examples

The following example modifies the description of savepoint SP1 in the NEWWORKSPACE workspace.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.AlterSavepoint ('NEWWORKSPACE', 'SP1', 'First set of changes for scenario');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.AlterVersionedTable(
   table_name         IN VARCHAR2,
   alter_option       IN VARCHAR2,
   parameter_options  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   ignore_last_error  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE);

Parameters

table_name

alter_option

parameter_options

ignore_last_error

Usage Notes

Use this procedure to add valid time support, rename a constraint, or rename an index for an existing version-enabled table. For more information about adding valid time support, see Section 3.10.

If the alter_option value is ADD_VALID_TIME, you can specify none, one, or more of the following parameter_options keywords:

• validFrom: Starting time period to be set in the WM_VALID column of all existing rows. The default value is the current timestamp.

• validTill: Ending time period to be set in the WM_VALID column of all existing rows. The default value is UNTIL_CHANGED.

• fmt: Date format. The default value is 'mmddyyyyhh24miss'. The options are the same as for the TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ function, which is described in Oracle Database SQL Language Reference.

• nlsparam: Globalization support options. The options and default are the same as for the nlsparam argument to the TO_CHAR function for date conversion, which is described in Oracle Database SQL Language Reference.

If the alter_option value is DDL, the currently supported operations for this procedure are adding, merging, and splitting table partitions. You must have SYSDBA privileges, and you must specify the following parameter_options keywords:

• ddl: The DDL (data definition language) statement to be executed. The DDL statement must refer to the fully qualified base table (for example, SCOTT.EMP_LT if SCOTT.EMP is the version-enabled table).

• force: A value of true causes Workspace Manager to attempt to execute the DDL statement, regardless of whether the operation is officially supported for this procedure; a value of false (the default) causes Workspace Manager not to attempt to execute the DDL statement. Thus, to execute the DDL statement, you must override the default value by explicitly specifying 'force=true'; however, do not specify 'force=true' unless you know what you are doing.

If the alter_option value is RENAME_CONSTRAINT, you must specify both of the following parameter_options keywords:

• constraint_name: The current name of the constraint to be renamed. The name is not case-sensitive.

• new_constraint_name: The new name for the constraint. The name is not case-sensitive.

If the alter_option value is RENAME_INDEX, you must specify all of the following parameter_options keywords:

• index_owner: The name of the schema that owns the index to be renamed. The schema name is not case-sensitive.

• index_name: The current name of the index to be renamed. The name is not case-sensitive.

• new_index_name: The new name for the index. The name is not case-sensitive.

If the name of a constraint or index on a version-enabled table is longer than 26 characters, you must use the AlterVersionedTable procedure if you want to rename the constraint or index; you cannot use the ALTER TABLE (for a constraint) or ALTER INDEX (for an index) statement with the RENAME clause. If you use the AlterVersionedTable procedure, you do not need to include it between calls to the BeginDDL and CommitDDL procedures.

If the name of the constraint or index on a version-enabled table is 26 or fewer characters long, you can do either of the following to rename the constraint or index: use the AlterVersionedTable procedure, or use the ALTER TABLE (for a constraint) or ALTER INDEX (for an index) statement with the RENAME clause between calls to the BeginDDL and CommitDDL procedures (as explained in Section 1.8).

If the alter_option value is REBUILD_INDEX, you must specify the index_owner and index_name keywords to identify the database user that owns the index and the name of the index; and you can specify either the reverse or noreverse keyword, to specify whether or not to store the bytes of the index block in reverse order, excluding the rowid.

The alter_option values USE_SCALAR_TYPES_FOR_VALIDTIME and USE_WM_PERIOD_FOR_VALIDTIME can be used only to change the views on an existing version-enabled table to be consistent with the current setting for the Workspace Manager system parameter USE_SCALAR_TYPES_FOR_VALIDTIME (described in Section 1.5). For example, if you set the Workspace Manager system parameter USE_SCALAR_TYPES_FOR_VALIDTIME to ON, but an existing version-enabled table named MYTABLE has views that use a single column named WM_VALID (of type WM_PERIOD) to indicate the valid time range, you can change the views on MY_TABLE to use two columns of type TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE by calling the AlterVersionedTable procedure and specifying the alter_option value USE_SCALAR_TYPES_FOR_VALIDTIME.

The alter_option parameter cannot be used to override the current value of the Workspace Manager system parameter USE_SCALAR_TYPES_FOR_VALIDTIME. If the system parameter value is ON, the alter_option parameter value must be USE_SCALAR_TYPES_FOR_VALIDTIME; and if the system parameter value is OFF, the alter_option parameter value must be USE_WM_PERIOD_FOR_VALIDTIME.

You can use double quotation marks for parameter values within the parameter_options string. For example, the following two specifications are semantically identical:

'index_owner=scott, index_name=my_index, new_index_name=my_new_index'
'index_owner="scott", index_name="my_index", new_index_name="my_new_index"'

If a call to the AlterVersionedTable procedure fails, you should try to fix the cause of the error. Examine the USER_WM_VT_ERRORS and ALL_WM_VT_ERRORS static data dictionary views to see the SQL statement and error message. Fix the cause of the error, and then call the AlterVersionedTable procedure again with the default ignore_last_error parameter value of FALSE. However, if the call still fails and you cannot fix the cause of the error, and if you are sure that it is safe and appropriate to ignore this error, then you can ignore the error by calling the AlterVersionedTable procedure with the ignore_last_error parameter value of TRUE. Note that you are responsible for ensuring that it is safe and appropriate to ignore the error.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• table_name does not exist.

• alterOptions is not ADD_VALID_TIME.

Examples

The following example creates a table named MY_TABLE, version-enables it without valid time support, and then adds valid time support. After valid time support is added, the WM_VALID column contains the default valid time period.

CREATE TABLE my_table (id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY);
EXECUTE DBMS_WM.EnableVersioning ('my_table');
INSERT INTO my_table VALUES (1);
SELECT * FROM my_table;

        ID
----------
         1

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.AlterVersionedTable('my_table', 'ADD_VALID_TIME');
SELECT * FROM my_table;

        ID
----------
WM_VALID(VALIDFROM, VALIDTILL)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         1
WM_PERIOD('09-JUN-2003 10:04:13 -04:00', NULL)

The following example creates a table named SCOTT.MY_TABLE, creates an index named MY_INDEX on the VALUE column in that table, version-enables the table, and then renames the index to MY_NEW_INDEX.

CREATE TABLE scott.my_table (id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY, value INTEGER);
CREATE INDEX scott.my_index on scott.my_table(value);
EXECUTE DBMS_WM.EnableVersioning ('scott.my_table');
EXECUTE DBMS_WM.AlterVersionedTable ('scott.my_table', 'RENAME_INDEX',
  'index_owner=scott, index_name=my_index, new_index_name=my_new_index');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.AlterWorkspace(
   workspace              IN VARCHAR2,
   workspace_description  IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

workspace

workspace_description

Usage Notes

To see the current description of the workspace, examine the DESCRIPTION column value for the savepoint in the ALL_WORKSPACES metadata view, which is described in Section 5.18.

An exception is raised if the user is not the workspace owner or does not have the WM_ADMIN system privilege.

Examples

The following example modifies the description of the NEWWORKSPACE workspace.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.AlterWorkspace ('NEWWORKSPACE', 'Testing proposed scenario B');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.BeginBulkLoading(
   table_name            IN VARCHAR2,
   workspace             IN VARCHAR2,
   version               IN INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
   check_for_duplicates  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
   ignore_last_error     IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   single_transaction    IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   savepoint_name        IN DEFAULT LATEST);

Parameters

table_name

workspace

version

check_for_duplicates

ignore_last_error

single_transaction

savepoint_name

Usage Notes

Before you can begin bulk loading data into a version-enabled table, you must call the BeginBulkLoading procedure. You must end the bulk loading session by calling either the CommitBulkLoading procedure (to commit changes made when the data was loaded) or the RollbackBulkLoading procedure (to roll back changes made when the data was loaded). For more information about bulk loading with Workspace Manager, see Section 1.7.

If single_transaction is FALSE (the default), the BeginBulkLoading procedure drops some internal Workspace Manager views on the table, to prevent DML operations and certain Workspace Manager operations on the table; however, this also prevents any queries from being made using the specified version-enabled table. Regardless of the single_transaction parameter value, and especially if it is FALSE, you should complete the bulk loading as quickly as possible and at a time when applications and users will not need to access the table. The value of the single_transaction parameter must be the same for both the BeginBulkLoading and CommitBulkLoading procedures for a bulk loading session with a specified table.

A TRUE value for the check_for_duplicates parameter does not cause any existing data in the version-enabled table to be checked. If an existing row in the version in which data is being bulk loaded (which could be the latest version of a workspace or the root version) has the same primary key values as a row in the data to be bulk loaded, the behavior depends on the history option setting for the table: if VIEW_WO_OVERWRITE is set, the newly loaded row is chained to the existing row that has the same primary key values; if VIEW_WO_OVERWRITE is not set, the new data is not bulk loaded but is instead moved to the discards table.

If a call to the BeginBulkLoading procedure fails, you should try to fix the cause of the error. Examine the USER_WM_VT_ERRORS and ALL_WM_VT_ERRORS static data dictionary views to see the SQL statement and error message. Fix the cause of the error, and then call the BeginBulkLoading procedure again with the default ignore_last_error parameter value of FALSE. However, if the call still fails and you cannot fix the cause of the error, and if you are sure that it is safe and appropriate to ignore this error, then you have the option to ignore the error by calling the BeginBulkLoading procedure with the ignore_last_error parameter value of TRUE. Note that you are responsible for ensuring that it is safe and appropriate to ignore the error.

If performance is an issue, carefully consider whether or not you need to check for duplicate records, because a check_for_duplicates value of TRUE (the default) causes Workspace Manager to perform additional internal processing.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• table_name does not exist.

• table_name is not version-enabled.

• The user does not own the table or does not have the WM_ADMIN system privilege.

Examples

The following example starts the bulk load operation into the EMP table in the W1 workspace.

EXECVUTE DBMS_WM.BeginBulkLoading ('EMP', 'W1');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.BeginDDL(
   table_name  IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

table_name

Usage Notes

This procedure starts a DDL session, and it creates a special table whose name is the same as table_name but with _LTS added to the table name. After calling this procedure, you can perform one or more DDL operations on the table or any indexes or triggers that are based on the table, and then call either the CommitDDL or RollbackDDL procedure.

In addition to creating the special <table-name>_LTS table, the procedure creates other objects:

• The <table-name>_LTS table has the same triggers, columns, and indexes as the <table-name> table.

• For each parent table with which the <table-name> table has a referential integrity constraint, the same constraint is defined for the <table-name>_LTS table.

• Triggers, columns, and referential integrity constraints on the <table-name>_LTS table have the same names as the corresponding ones on the <table-name> table.

• For each index on the <table-name> table, the corresponding index on the <table-name>_LTS table has a name in the form <index-name>_LTS.

• The primary key constraint on the <table-name>_LTS table has a name in the form <primary-key>_LTS.

• All unique constraints on the <table-name>_LTS table have a name in the form <unique-constraint-name>_LTS.

For detailed information about performing DDL operations related to version-enabled tables, see Section 1.8; and for DDL operations on version-enabled tables in an Oracle replication environment, see also Section C.3.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• table_name does not exist or is not version-enabled.

• table_name has a domain index defined on it, and the user has not been directly granted the CREATE TABLE and CREATE SEQUENCE privileges.

• An open DDL session exists for table_name. (That is, the BeginDDL procedure has already been called specifying this table, and the CommitDDL or RollbackDDL procedure has not been called specifying this table.)

Examples

The following example begins a DDL session, adds a column named COMMENTS to the COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET table by using the special table named COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET_LTS, and ends the DDL session by committing the change.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.BeginDDL('COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET');
ALTER TABLE cola_marketing_budget_lts ADD (comments VARCHAR2(100));
EXECUTE DBMS_WM.CommitDDL('COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.BeginResolve(
   workspace  IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

workspace

Usage Notes

This procedure starts a conflict resolution session. While this procedure is executing, the workspace is frozen in 1WRITER mode, as explained in Section 1.1.5.

After calling this procedure, you can execute the ResolveConflicts procedure as needed for various tables that have conflicts, and then call either the CommitResolve or RollbackResolve procedure. For more information about conflict resolution, see Section 1.1.4.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• There are one or more open database transactions in workspace.

• The user executing the BeginResolve procedure does not have the privilege to access workspace and its parent workspace.

Examples

The following example starts a conflict resolution session in Workspace1.

EXECUTE  DBMS_WM.BeginResolve ('Workspace1');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.ChangeWorkspaceType(
   workspace       IN VARCHAR2,
   workspace_type  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT DBMS_WM.CR_WORKSPACE_TYPE,
   auto_commit     IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

workspace

workspace_type

auto_commit

Usage Notes

For this release, you can only change a workspace that is not continually refreshed to continually refreshed; you cannot change a continually refreshed workspace to not continually refreshed.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following occur:

• The user is not the owner of workspace, and the user does not have the WM_ADMIN system privilege.

• workspace_type is not valid.

• auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

• The workspace type cannot be changed. For example, the change cannot be made if the Workspace Manager system parameter CR_WORKSPACE_MODE is set to PESSIMISTIC_LOCKING, but the NONCR_WORKSPACE_MODE parameter is set to OPTIMISTIC_LOCKING and there is versioned data in any continually refreshed workspace.

Examples

The following example changes the NEWWORKSPACE workspace type from not continually refreshed to continually refreshed.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.ChangeWorkspaceType ('NEWWORKSPACE');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.CommitBulkLoading(
   table_name            IN VARCHAR2,
   discards_table        IN VARCHAR2,
   check_for_duplicates  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
   enforceUCFlag         IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
   enforceRICFlag        IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
   ignore_last_error     IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   single_transaction    IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE);

Parameters

table_name

discards_table

check_for_duplicates

enforceUCFlag

enforceRICFlag

ignore_last_error

single_transaction

Usage Notes

For information about the requirements for bulk loading data into version-enabled tables, see Section 1.7.

This procedure generates versioning metadata for newly loaded data and synchronizes the newly loaded data with the existing versioned data in the table. It can also enforce unique and referential constraints on the newly loaded data. It re-creates all the views that were dropped by the BeginBulkLoading procedure.

A TRUE value for the check_for_duplicates parameter does not cause any existing data in the version-enabled table to be checked. If an existing row in the version in which data is being bulk loaded (which could be the latest version of a workspace or the root version) has the same primary key values as a row in the data to be bulk loaded, the behavior depends on the history option setting for the table: if VIEW_WO_OVERWRITE is set, the newly loaded row is chained to the existing row that has the same primary key values; if VIEW_WO_OVERWRITE is not set, the new data is not bulk loaded but is instead moved to the discards table.

If a call to the CommitBulkLoading procedure fails, you should try to fix the cause of the error. Examine the USER_WM_VT_ERRORS and ALL_WM_VT_ERRORS static data dictionary views to see the SQL statement and error message. Fix the cause of the error, and then call the CommitBulkLoading procedure again with the default ignore_last_error parameter value of FALSE. However, if the call still fails and you cannot fix the cause of the error, and if you are sure that it is safe and appropriate to ignore this error, then you have the option to ignore the error by calling the CommitBulkLoading procedure with the ignore_last_error parameter value of TRUE. Note that you are responsible for ensuring that it is safe and appropriate to ignore the error.

Note the following performance considerations:

• A TRUE value for check_for_duplicates requires additional processing time, and a TRUE value for enforceUCFlag or enforceRICFlag may require additional processing time.

• If performance is an issue, carefully consider whether or not you need to check for duplicate records.

• If the table does not have unique or referential constraints, setting the enforceUCFlag or enforceRICFlag parameter to TRUE does not have a significant effect on performance.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• table_name does not exist.

• table_name is not version-enabled.

• The BeginBulkLoading procedure has not been called on the table.

• The user does not own the table or does not have the WM_ADMIN system privilege.

Examples

The following example commits changes made to the EMP table during a bulk load operation, and specifies DISCARDS as the table to hold discard records.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.CommitBulkLoading ('EMP', 'DISCARDS');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.CommitDDL(
   table_name                  IN VARCHAR2,
   ignore_last_error           IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   enforce_unique_constraints  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   enforce_RICs                IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE);

Parameters

table_name

ignore_last_error

enforce_unique_constraints

enforce_RICs

Usage Notes

This procedure commits changes that were made to a version-enabled table and to any indexes, triggers, and referential integrity constraints based on the version-enabled table during a DDL session. It also deletes the special <table-name>_LTS table that was created by the BeginDDL procedure.

For detailed information about performing DDL operations related to version-enabled tables, see Section 1.8; and for DDL operations on version-enabled tables in an Oracle replication environment, see also Section C.3.

The enforce_unique_constraints and enforce_RICs parameter settings apply only to existing versioned data, and do not affect whether or not existing constraints are enforced for future DML operations on the table.

If a call to the CommitDDL procedure fails, the table is left in an inconsistent state. If this occurs, you should try to fix the cause of the error. Examine the USER_WM_VT_ERRORS and ALL_WM_VT_ERRORS static data dictionary views to see the SQL statement and error message. For example, the CommitDDL procedure might have failed because the tablespace was not large enough to add a column. Fix the cause of the error, and then call the CommitDDL procedure again with the default ignore_last_error parameter value of FALSE. However, if the call still fails and you cannot fix the cause of the error, and if you are sure that it is safe and appropriate to ignore this error, then you have the option to ignore the error by calling the CommitDDL procedure with the ignore_last_error parameter value of TRUE. Note that you are responsible for ensuring that it is safe and appropriate to ignore the error.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• table_name does not exist or is not version-enabled.

• table_name has a domain index defined on it, and the user has not been directly granted the CREATE TABLE and CREATE SEQUENCE privileges.

• An open DDL session does not exist for table_name. (That is, the BeginDDL procedure has not been called specifying this table, or the CommitDDL or RollbackDDL procedure was already called specifying this table.)

Some invalid DDL operations also cause an exception when CommitDDL procedure is called. See Section 1.8 for information about DDL operations that are supported.

Examples

The following example begins a DDL session, adds a column named COMMENTS to the COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET table by using the special table named COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET_LTS, and ends the DDL session by committing the change.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.BeginDDL('COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET');
ALTER TABLE cola_marketing_budget_lts ADD (comments VARCHAR2(100));
EXECUTE DBMS_WM.CommitDDL('COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.CommitResolve(
   workspace  IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

workspace

Usage Notes

This procedure ends the current conflict resolution session (started by the BeginResolve procedure), and saves all changes in the workspace since the start of the conflict resolution session. Contrast this procedure with the RollbackResolve procedure, which discards all changes.

For more information about conflict resolution, see Section 1.1.4.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• There are one or more open database transactions in workspace.

• The procedure was called by a user that does not have the WM_ADMIN system privilege or that did not execute the BeginResolve procedure on workspace.

Examples

The following example ends the conflict resolution session in Workspace1 and saves all changes.

EXECUTE  DBMS_WM.CommitResolve ('Workspace1');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.CompressWorkspace(
   workspace                   IN VARCHAR2,
   compress_view_wo_overwrite  IN BOOLEAN
   firstSP                     IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   secondSP                    IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   auto_commit                 IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
   commit_in_batches           IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   batch_size                  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'PRIMARY_KEY_RANGE',
   remove_latest_deleted_rows  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE);

or

DBMS_WM.CompressWorkspace(
   workspace          IN VARCHAR2,
   firstSP            IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   secondSP           IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   auto_commit        IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
   commit_in_batches  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   batch_size         IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'PRIMARY_KEY_RANGE',
   remove_latest_deleted_rows  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE);

Parameters

workspace

compress_view_wo_overwrite

firstSP

secondSP

auto_commit

commit_in_batches

batch_size

remove_latest_deleted_rows

Usage Notes

You can compress a workspace when the explicit savepoints (all or some of them) in the workspace are no longer needed. The compression operation is useful for the following reasons:

• You can reuse savepoint names after they are deleted. (You cannot create a savepoint that has the same name as an existing savepoint.)

• Less disk storage is used for Workspace Manager structures (fewer table rows, smaller indexes, less Workspace Manager metadata).

• Because of the reduction in disk space usage, runtime performance for Workspace Manager operations is improved.

This procedure deletes implicit savepoints only if they do not have any child dependencies, and the existence of any such non-removable savepoints will not allow the entire range to be compressed as a single unit. However, you can remove or move such savepoints by using the RemoveWorkspace or RefreshWorkspace procedure, respectively.

While this procedure is executing, the current workspace is frozen in NO_ACCESS mode, as explained in Section 1.1.5.

A workspace cannot be compressed if there are any sessions in the workspace (except for the LIVE workspace), or if any user has executed a GotoDate operation or a GotoSavepoint operation specifying a savepoint in the workspace.

If the procedure format without the compress_view_wo_overwrite parameter is used, a value of FALSE is assumed for the parameter.

For information about VIEW_WO_OVERWRITE and other history options, see the information about the EnableVersioning procedure.

If you expect to purge a subset of your historical data periodically, such as removing historical data older than one year, plan to create a savepoint at each expected deletion point on the day it occurs. For example, if you plan to purge 2005 historical data when it is a year old, you need to create a savepoint on January 1, 2006. Then, on January 1, 2007 you can call the CompressWorkspace procedure, specifying the workspace name and the January 1, 2006 savepoint, to delete all history that occurred before 2006.

To see if a version-enabled table can be compressed in primary key range batches, check the value of the BATCH_SIZE column in the WM_COMPRESS_BATCH_SIZES metadata view, which is described in Section 5.46.

To specify a batch_size value of PRIMARY_KEY_RANGE, you must first generate either histogram statistics (for columns of type NUMBER, INTEGER, DATE, TIMESTAMP, CHAR, or VARCHAR2) or general statistics (for columns of type NUMBER, INTEGER, DATE, or TIMESTAMP) on the first column of the primary key. The procedure DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS generates general statistics. If general but not histogram statistics are available for columns of type NUMBER, INTEGER, DATE, or TIMESTAMP, the Workspace Manager system parameter NUMBER_OF_COMPRESS_BATCHES is used to compute the number of batches when batch_size is specified as PRIMARY_KEY_RANGE. For more information about statistics, see Oracle Database Performance Tuning Guide.

An exception is raised if auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists, if the user does not have sufficient privileges on all tables that need to be modified (including, for example, tables modified by triggers), or if the user does not have the privilege to access and merge changes in workspace.

To compress a workspace and all its descendant workspaces, use the CompressWorkspaceTree procedure.

Examples

The following example compresses NEWWORKSPACE.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.CompressWorkspace ('NEWWORKSPACE');

The following example compresses NEWWORKSPACE, deleting all explicit savepoints between the creation of the workspace and the savepoint SP1.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.CompressWorkspace ('NEWWORKSPACE', 'SP1');

The following example compresses NEWWORKSPACE, deleting the explicit savepoint SP1 and all explicit savepoints up to but not including SP2.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.CompressWorkspace ('NEWWORKSPACE', 'SP1', 'SP2');

The following example compresses B_focus_1, accepts the default values for the firstSP and secondSP parameters (that is, deletes all explicit savepoints), and specifies FALSE for the auto_commit parameter.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.CompressWorkspace ('B_focus_1', auto_commit => FALSE);

The following example analyzes the COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET_LT table to generate the necessary histogram statistics for the next statement, and then it compresses B_focus_1. The call to the CompressWorkspace procedure accepts the default values for the firstSP, secondSP, and auto_commit parameters; specifies TRUE for the commit_in_batches parameter; and specifies PRIMARY_KEY_RANGE for the batch_size parameter.

EXECUTE DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS('', 'cola_marketing_budget_lt', estimate_percent=>50, method_opt=>'FOR COLUMNS SIZE 50 product_id');
EXECUTE DBMS_WM.CompressWorkspace ('B_focus_1', NULL, NULL, NULL, TRUE, 'PRIMARY_KEY_RANGE');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.CompressWorkspaceTree(
   workspace                   IN VARCHAR2,
   compress_view_wo_overwrite  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   auto_commit                 IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
   commit_in_batches           IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   batch_size                  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'PRIMARY_KEY_RANGE',
   remove_latest_deleted_rows  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE);

Parameters

workspace

compress_view_wo_overwrite

auto_commit

commit_in_batches

batch_size

remove_latest_deleted_rows

Usage Notes

You can compress a workspace and all its descendant workspaces when the explicit savepoints in the affected workspaces are no longer needed (for example, if you will not need to go to or roll back to any of these savepoints). For example, in the hierarchy shown in Figure 1-1 in Section 1.1.1, a CompressWorkspaceTree operation specifying Workspace1 compresses Workspace1, Workspace2, and Workspace3. (For an explanation of database workspace hierarchy, see Section 1.1.1.)

The compression operation is useful for the following reasons:

• You can reuse savepoint names after they are deleted. (You cannot create a savepoint that has the same name as an existing savepoint.)

• Runtime performance for Workspace Manager operations is improved.

• Less disk storage is used for Workspace Manager structures.

While this procedure is executing, the current workspace is frozen in NO_ACCESS mode, as explained in Section 1.1.5.

A workspace cannot be compressed if there are any sessions in the workspace (except for the LIVE workspace), or if any user has executed a GotoDate operation or a GotoSavepoint operation specifying a savepoint in the workspace.

To see if a version-enabled table can be compressed in primary key range batches, check the value of the BATCH_SIZE column in the WM_COMPRESS_BATCH_SIZES metadata view, which is described in Section 5.46.

To specify a batch_size value of PRIMARY_KEY_RANGE, you must first generate either histogram statistics (for columns of type NUMBER, INTEGER, DATE, TIMESTAMP, CHAR, or VARCHAR2) or general statistics (for columns of type NUMBER, INTEGER, DATE, or TIMESTAMP) on the first column of the primary key. The procedure DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS generates general statistics. If general but not histogram statistics are available for columns of type NUMBER, INTEGER, DATE, or TIMESTAMP, the Workspace Manager system parameter NUMBER_OF_COMPRESS_BATCHES is used to compute the number of batches when batch_size is specified as PRIMARY_KEY_RANGE. For more information about statistics, see Oracle Database Performance Tuning Guide.

An exception is raised if auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists, if the user does not have sufficient privileges on all tables that need to be modified (including, for example, tables modified by triggers), or if the user does not have the privilege to access and merge changes in workspace.

If the CompressWorkspaceTree operation fails in any affected workspace, the entire operation is rolled back, and no workspaces are compressed.

To compress a single workspace (deleting all explicit savepoints or just some of them), use the CompressWorkspace procedure.

Examples

The following example compresses NEWWORKSPACE and all its descendant workspaces.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.CompressWorkspaceTree ('NEWWORKSPACE');

The following example compresses NEWWORKSPACE and all its descendant workspaces, accepts the default value for the compress_view_wo_overwrite parameter, and specifies FALSE for the auto_commit parameter.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.CompressWorkspaceTree ('NEWWORKSPACE', auto_commit => FALSE);

The following example compresses NEWWORKSPACE and all its descendant workspaces; accepts the default value for the compress_view_wo_overwrite and auto_commit parameters; specifies TRUE for the commit_in_batches parameter; and specifies PRIMARY_KEY_RANGE for the batch_size parameter.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.CompressWorkspaceTree ('NEWWORKSPACE', NULL, NULL, TRUE, 'PRIMARY_KEY_RANGE');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.CopyForUpdate(
   table_name    IN VARCHAR2,
   where_clause  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT '');

Parameters

table_name

where_clause

Usage Notes

This procedure is intended for use only with version-enabled tables containing one or more large object (LOB) columns. The CopyForUpdate procedure must be used because updates performed using the DBMS_LOB package do not fire INSTEAD OF triggers on the versioning views. Workspace Manager creates INSTEAD OF triggers on the versioning views to implement the copy-on-write semantics. (For non-LOB columns, you can directly perform the update operation, and the triggers work.)

Examples

The following example updates the SOURCE_CLOB column of TABLE1 for the document with DOC_ID = 1.

  Declare 
    clob_var 
  Begin
     /* This procedure copies the LOB columns if necessary, that is, 
        if the row with doc_id = 1 has not been versioned in the 
        current version */
     dbms_wm.copyForUpdate('table1', 'doc_id = 1');

     select source_clob into clob_var
     from   table1
     where  doc_id = 1 for update;

     dbms_lob.write(clob_var,<amount>, <offset>, buff);

  End;

Syntax

DBMS_WM.CreateSavepoint(
   workspace       IN VARCHAR2,
   savepoint_name  IN VARCHAR2,
   description     IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   auto_commit     IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

workspace

savepoint_name

description

auto_commit

Usage Notes

There are no explicit privileges associated with savepoints; any user who can access a workspace can create a savepoint in the workspace.

This procedure can be performed while there are users in the workspace. There can be open database transactions, but only if these transactions have not modified a versioned table.

While this procedure is executing, the current workspace is frozen in READ_ONLY mode, as explained in Section 1.1.5.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• The user is not in the latest version in the workspace (for example, if the user has called the GotoDate procedure).

• workspace does not exist.

• savepoint_name already exists.

• auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

• The user does not have the privilege to go to the specified workspace.

Examples

The following example creates a savepoint named Savepoint1 in the NEWWORKSPACE workspace.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.CreateSavepoint ('NEWWORKSPACE', 'Savepoint1');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.CreateWorkspace(
   workspace    IN VARCHAR2,
   description  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   auto_commit  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

or

DBMS_WM.CreateWorkspace(
   workspace    IN VARCHAR2,
   isrefreshed  IN BOOLEAN,
   description  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   auto_commit  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

workspace

isrefreshed

description

auto_commit

Usage Notes

The new workspace is a child of the current workspace. If the session has not explicitly entered a workspace, it is in the LIVE database workspace, and the new workspace is a child of the LIVE workspace. For an explanation of database workspace hierarchy, see Section 1.1.1.

An implicit savepoint is created in the current version of the current workspace. (The current version does not have to be the latest version in the current workspace.) For an explanation of savepoints (explicit and implicit), see Section 1.1.2.

While this procedure is executing, the current workspace is frozen in READ_ONLY mode, as explained in Section 1.1.5.

This procedure does not implicitly go to the workspace created. To go to the workspace, use the GotoWorkspace procedure.

The following rules apply to continually refreshed workspaces (isrefreshed value of TRUE):

• The session must be on the latest version in order to create a continually refreshed workspace.

• You cannot turn off locking using the SetLockingOFF or SetWorkspaceLockModeOFF procedure for a continually refreshed workspace.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• workspace already exists.

• auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

• The user does not have the privilege to create a workspace.

Examples

The following example creates a workspace named NEWWORKSPACE in the database.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.CreateWorkspace ('NEWWORKSPACE');

Format

DBMS_WM.Delete_Topo_Geometry_Layer(

     topology IN VARCHAR2,

     table_name IN VARCHAR2,

     column_name IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

topology

table_name

column_name

Usage Notes

This procedure has the same format and meaning as the SDO_TOPO.DELETE_TOPO_GEOMETRY_LAYER procedure, which is documented in Oracle Spatial and Graph Topology Data Model and Network Data Model Graph Developer's Guide. However, you must use DBMS_WM.Delete_Topo_Geometry_Layer, and not SDO_TOPO.DELETE_TOPO_GEOMETRY_LAYER, to delete a topology geometry layer from a version-enabled feature table from a topology. For information about Workspace Manager support for topologies, see Section 1.14.

This procedure deletes data associated with the specified topology geometry layer from the edge, node, and face tables (described in Oracle Spatial and Graph Topology Data Model and Network Data Model Graph Developer's Guide).

An exception is generated if topology or table_name is not version-enabled, or if table_name is the only feature table in topology.

Examples

The following example deletes the topology geometry layer that is based on the geometries in the FEATURE column of the LAND_PARCELS table from the topology named CITY_DATA.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.Delete_Topo_Geometry_Layer('CITY_DATA', 'LAND_PARCELS', 'FEATURE');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.DeleteSavepoint(
   workspace                   IN VARCHAR2,
   savepoint_name              IN VARCHAR2,
   compress_view_wo_overwrite  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   auto_commit                 IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
   commit_in_batches           IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   batch_size                  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'PRIMARY_KEY_RANGE');

Parameters

workspace

savepoint_name

compress_view_wo_overwrite

auto_commit

commit_in_batches

batch_size

Usage Notes

You can delete a savepoint when it is no longer needed (for example, you will not need to go to it or roll back to it).

Deleting a savepoint is useful for the following reasons:

• You can reuse a savepoint name after it is deleted. (You cannot create a savepoint that has the same name as an existing savepoint.)

• Runtime performance for Workspace Manager operations is improved.

• Less disk storage is used for Workspace Manager structures.

While this procedure is executing, the current workspace is frozen in NO_ACCESS mode, as explained in Section 1.1.5.

To delete a savepoint, you must have the WM_ADMIN system privilege or be the owner of the workspace or the savepoint.

This procedure cannot be executed if there are any sessions with an open database transaction, or if any user has executed a GotoDate operation or a GotoSavepoint operation specifying a savepoint in the workspace.

To specify a batch_size value of PRIMARY_KEY_RANGE, you must first generate either histogram statistics (for columns of type NUMBER, INTEGER, DATE, TIMESTAMP, CHAR, or VARCHAR2) or general statistics (for columns of type NUMBER, INTEGER, DATE, or TIMESTAMP) on the first column of the primary key. The procedure DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS generates general statistics. If general but not histogram statistics are available for columns of type NUMBER, INTEGER, DATE, or TIMESTAMP, the Workspace Manager system parameter NUMBER_OF_COMPRESS_BATCHES is used to compute the number of batches when batch_size is specified as PRIMARY_KEY_RANGE. For more information about statistics, see Oracle Database Performance Tuning Guide.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• One or more sessions are already in workspace (unless the workspace is LIVE).

• workspace does not exist.

• savepoint_name does not exist.

• savepoint_name is not a removable savepoint. (Removable savepoints are explained in Section 1.1.2.)

• auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

• The user does not have the privilege to go to the specified workspace.

Examples

The following example deletes a savepoint named Savepoint1 in the NEWWORKSPACE workspace.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.DeleteSavepoint ('NEWWORKSPACE', 'Savepoint1');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.DisableVersioning(
   table_name         IN VARCHAR2,
   force              IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   ignore_last_error  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   isTopology         IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   keepWMValid        IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
   undo_space         IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL;

Parameters

table_name

force

ignore_last_error

isTopology

keepWMValid

undo_space

Usage Notes

This procedure is used to reverse the effect of the EnableVersioning procedure. It deletes the Workspace Manager infrastructure (support structures) for versioning of rows, but does not affect any user data in the LIVE workspace. The workspace hierarchy and any savepoints still exist, but all rows are the same as in the LIVE workspace. (If there are multiple versions in the LIVE workspace of a row in the table for which versioning is disabled, only the most recent version of the row is kept.)

If table_name has valid time support (described in Chapter 3), this procedure deletes the WM_VALID column and all data in that column. If deleting the WM_VALID column would cause a primary key constraint violation, only the row valid at the current time is retained.

If a call to the DisableVersioning procedure fails, the table is left in an inconsistent state. If this occurs, you should try to fix the cause of the error (examine the USER_WM_VT_ERRORS and ALL_WM_VT_ERRORS static data dictionary views to see the SQL statement and error message), and then call the DisableVersioning procedure again with the default ignore_last_error parameter value of FALSE. However, if the call still fails and you cannot fix the cause of the error, and if you are sure that it is safe and appropriate to ignore this error, then you have the option to ignore the error by calling the DisableVersioning procedure with the ignore_last_error parameter value of TRUE. Note that you are responsible for ensuring that it is safe and appropriate to ignore the error.

Some causes for the failure of the DisableVersioning procedure include the following:

• The table contains much data in workspaces and the size of the undo tablespace required for the DisableVersioning procedure is not sufficient.

• A compilation error occurred while transferring user-defined triggers from the version-enabled table to the version-disabled table.

The DisableVersioning operation fails if the force value is FALSE and any of the following apply:

• The table is being modified by any user in any workspace other than the LIVE workspace.

• There are versioned rows of the table in any workspace other than the LIVE workspace.

Only the owner of a table or a user with the WM_ADMIN system privilege can disable versioning on the table.

Tables that are version-enabled and users that own version-enabled tables cannot be deleted. You must first disable versioning on the relevant table or tables.

An exception is raised if the table is not version-enabled.

If you want to disable versioning on a table in an Oracle replication environment, see Section C.2 for guidelines and other information.

For information about Workspace Manager support for tables in an Oracle Spatial and Graph topology, see Section 1.14.

Examples

The following example disables the EMPLOYEE table for versioning.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.DisableVersioning ('employee');

The following example disables the EMPLOYEE table for versioning and ignores the last error that occurred during the previous call to the DisableVersioning procedure.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.DisableVersioning ('employee', ignore_last_error => true);

The following example disables the EMPLOYEE, DEPARTMENT, and LOCATION tables (which have multilevel referential integrity constraints) for versioning.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.DisableVersioning('employee,department,location');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.DropReplicationSupport();

Parameters

None.

Usage Notes

To use this procedure, you must understand how replication applies to Workspace Manager objects, as explained in Appendix C. You must also understand the major Oracle replication concepts and techniques, which are documented in Oracle Database Advanced Replication and Oracle Database Advanced Replication Management API Reference.

You must execute this procedure as the replication administrator user at the writer site.

This procedure drops replication support for any version-enabled tables at the nonwriter sites; however, it does not version-disable any version-enabled tables.

Examples

The following example drops replication support that had previously been enabled using the GenerateReplicationSupport procedure.

DBMS_WM.DropReplicationSupport();

Syntax

DBMS_WM.EnableVersioning(
   table_name     IN VARCHAR2,
   hist           IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'NONE',
   isTopology     IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   validTime      IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   undo_space     IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   validTimeRange IN WM_PERIOD DEFAULT NULL);

Parameters

table_name

hist

isTopology

validTime

undo_space

validTimeRange

Usage Notes

The table that is being version-enabled must have a primary key defined. The primary key can be a composite (multicolumn) primary key.

Only the owner of a table or a user with the WM_ADMIN system privilege can enable versioning on the table.

Tables that are version-enabled and users that own version-enabled tables cannot be deleted. You must first disable versioning on the relevant table or tables.

Tables owned by SYS cannot be version-enabled, and version-enabled tables cannot have any associated indexes or triggers owned by SYS.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• table_name is already version-enabled.

• table_name contains a list of tables and any of the tables has a referential integrity constraint with a table that is not in the list.

• table_name contains any columns whose names start with WM_ or WM$.

• table_name or the name of any related object of the table (including columns, indexes, and triggers) contains any quoted identifiers.

If the table is version-enabled with the VIEW_WO_OVERWRITE hist option specified, this option can later be disabled and re-enabled by calling the SetWoOverwriteOFF and SetWoOverwriteON procedures.

The history option enables you to log and audit modifications.

The history option affects the behavior of the GotoDate procedure. See the Usage Notes for that procedure.

If you expect to purge a subset of your historical data periodically, such as removing historical data older than one year, plan to create a savepoint at each expected deletion point on the day it occurs. For example, if you plan to purge 2005 historical data when it is a year old, you need to create a savepoint on January 1, 2006. Then, on January 1, 2007 you can call the CompressWorkspace procedure, specifying the workspace name and the January 1, 2006 savepoint, to delete all history that occurred before 2006

If you want to version-enable a table in an Oracle replication environment, see Section C.2 for guidelines and other information.

For information about Workspace Manager support for tables in an Oracle Spatial and Graph topology, see Section 1.14.

Current notes and restrictions include the following:

• If you have referential integrity constraints on version-enabled tables, note the considerations and restrictions in Section 1.9.1.

• If you have triggers defined on version-enabled tables, note the considerations and restrictions in Section 1.10.

• Constraints and privileges defined on the table are carried over to the version-enabled table.

• DDL operations on version-enabled tables are subject to the procedures and restrictions described in Section 1.8.

• Index-organized tables cannot be version-enabled.

• Object tables cannot be version-enabled.

• A table with one or more columns of LONG data type cannot be version-enabled.

• A table with one or more nested table columns cannot be version-enabled unless the ALLOW_NESTED_TABLE_COLUMNS Workspace Manager system parameter is set to ON.

Examples

The following example enables versioning on the EMPLOYEE table.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.EnableVersioning('employee');

The following example enables versioning on the EMPLOYEE, DEPARTMENT, and LOCATION tables, which have multilevel referential integrity constraints.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.EnableVersioning('employee,department,location');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.Export(
   table_name          IN VARCHAR2,
   staging_table       IN VARCHAR2,
   workspace           IN VARCHAR2,
   where_clause        IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   export_scope        IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT DBMS_WM.EXPORT_MODIFIED_DATA_ONLY,
   after_savepoint_name  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   as_of_savepoint_name  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   after_instant       IN DATE DEFAULT NULL,
   as_of_instant       IN DATE DEFAULT NULL,
   versioned_db        IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
   overwrite_existing_data  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   auto_commit         IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

table_name

staging_table

workspace

where_clause

export_scope

after_savepoint_name

as_of_savepoint_name

after_instant

as_of_instant

versioned_db

overwrite_existing_data

auto_commit

Usage Notes

All data that satisfies the where_clause in the version-enabled table table_name, the export_scope parameter, and any parameters relating to a time or a savepoint in workspace is exported to the staging table (staging_table parameter).

Each row of data to be exported is considered to be one of the following: inserted, updated, or deleted in workspace (that is, modified data); or data that was not modified in workspace but can be seen in it (that is, ancestor data). If data is exported from the LIVE workspace, it is all modified data. If a workspace is created and no data has yet been versioned in it, and the Export procedure is called, all the data is ancestor data.

The first time you export data from a version-enabled table, the staging table should not exist; that is, do not try to create a staging table, but let the procedure create one for you using the name specified for the staging_table parameter. The staging table will contain all columns in the original table (table_name parameter), plus some columns for use by Workspace Manager.

After the staging table is created, you can use it for subsequent export operations from the original table, as long as you have not done any of the following DDL operations on the original table: altered any column names or data types, or modified or deleted the primary key constraint. If you have made any of these alterations to the original table, drop the staging table before you call the Export procedure, so that Workspace Manager can create a new staging table. (If you want to overwrite data in an existing staging table, you must also specify overwrite_existing_data as TRUE.)

The staging table must be in the current user's schema; or if it is in another schema, the current user must have the CREATE ANY TABLE and INSERT ANY TABLE privileges.

It is recommended that you specify no more than one of the following savepoint-related and instant-related parameters: after_savepoint_name, as_of_savepoint_name, after_instant, as_of_instant. If you specify after_savepoint_name and after_instant, the interaction of the two parameters can have complex results. You cannot specify the following parameter combinations: after_savepoint_name and as_of_savepoint_name, after_instant and as_of_instant, or as_of_savepoint_name and as_of_instant.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• A specified table, workspace, or savepoint does not exist.

• table_name contains a nested table column.

• table_name contains a column named WM_VALID of type WM_PERIOD. (That is, this procedure is not supported for tables with valid time support, which is explained in Chapter 3.)

• staging_table exists but is not in a valid format for the export operation.

• staging_table is not in the current user's schema and the current user does not have the CREATE TABLE and INSERT TABLE privileges.

• The user does not have the ACCESS_WORKSPACE privilege for workspace or the ACCESS_ANY_WORKSPACE privilege.

• overwrite_existing_data is FALSE and data that needs to be exported already exists in staging_table.

• auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

Examples

The following example exports all data from the COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET table in workspace B_Focus_2 into the staging table COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET_STG. (The EXECUTE statement is actually on a single line.)

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.Export(table_name => 'COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET', staging_table => 'COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET_STG', workspace => 'B_focus_2');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.Export_Schemas(
   job_name           IN VARCHAR2,
   alt_schema         IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'WMSYS_N',
   ignore_last_error  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE);

Parameters

table_name

alt_schema

ignore_last_error

Usage Notes

This procedure creates a dump file that contains all of the schemas that contain a version-enabled table or a parent table in a referential integrity constraint of a version-enabled table, as well as any internal Workspace Manager metadata. For any included schema, all objects and data within the schema are included in the dump file, not just the objects related to Workspace Manager. All other schemas are excluded.

This procedure makes use of an already existing Data Pump Export job. When you create this job using the DBMS_DATAPUMP.OPEN procedure, the operation parameter must be set to EXPORT and the mode parameter must be set to SCHEMA. The dump file or files and log file should also be specified before you call DBMS_WM.Export_Schemas. No procedures that modify or limit what gets exported (such as DBMS_DATAPUMP.METADATA_FILTER) should be executed on this job.

Because the WMSYS schema cannot be exported by the Oracle Data Pump Export utility, a temporary schema is required to hold some of the required data. This schema, specified by the alt_schema parameter, cannot exist before you call this procedure. Because this schema will be included within the generated dump file, it should be a schema that does not exist on the target database.

For information about using the Data Pump Utility, see Oracle Database Utilities.

If a call to the Export_Schemas procedure fails, you should try to fix the cause of the error. Examine the DBA_WM_VT_ERRORS static data dictionary view to see the SQL statement and error message. Fix the cause of the error, and then call the Export_Schemas procedure again with the default ignore_last_error parameter value of FALSE. However, if the call still fails and you cannot fix the cause of the error, and if you are sure that it is safe and appropriate to ignore this error, then you can ignore the error by calling the Export_Schemas procedure with the ignore_last_error parameter value of TRUE. Note that you are responsible for ensuring that it is safe and appropriate to ignore the error.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• job_name does not exist.

• alt_schema already exists.

• The executing user does not have DBA privileges.

• Errors exist in the WMSYS schema or in any required user schemas.

Examples

The following example exports the Workspace Manager metadata using the Oracle Data Pump job named EXPORT_OWM_SCHEMAS. It assumes that the DUMP_DIR directory has already been created.

DECLARE
  job_name  varchar2(128) := 'EXPORT_OWM_SCHEMAS' ;
  dpj  number ;
BEGIN
  dpj := dbms_datapump.open('EXPORT', 'SCHEMA', null, job_name, 'COMPATIBLE') ;
  dbms_datapump.add_file(dpj, 'owm_schema.dmp', 'DUMP_DIR') ;
  dbms_datapump.add_file(dpj, 'owm_schema_export.log', 'DUMP_DIR', filetype=>dbms_datapump.KU$_FILE_TYPE_LOG_FILE) ;
  dbms_wm.export_schemas(job_name) ;
END;
/

Syntax

DBMS_WM.FindRICSet(
   table_name    IN VARCHAR2,
   result_table  IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

table_name

result_table

Usage Notes

Workspace Manager has several considerations relating to referential integrity constraints, as explained in Section 1.9.1. Sometimes, before you can version-enable a table, you must version-enable other tables that are in referential integrity constraints affecting the table. The FindRICSet procedure enables you to find all these other tables.

To display the results, use the SET SERVEROUTPUT ON statement before calling this procedure.

If the result table is not in the current user's schema, the following requirements apply:

• If the result table does not exist, the current user must have the CREATE ANY TABLE privilege.

• If the result table already exists, the current user must have the required privileges to insert into the table.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• table_name does not exist.

• result_table exists but is not in a valid format.

• result_table exists and the current user does not have the required privileges to insert into the table.

• result_table does not exist, is specified for a schema other than the current user's schema, and the current user does not have the CREATE ANY TABLE privilege.

Examples

The following example creates two tables, EMPLOYEES and DEPARTMENTS, where DEPARTMENTS.MANAGER_ID has a foreign key relationship referencing EMPLOYEES.EMPLOYEE_ID. The example then finds all tables that would need to be version-enabled if EMPLOYEES and DEPARTMENTS were version-enabled.

The results show that if you want to version-enable the EMPLOYEES table, you must version-enable both the EMPLOYEES and DEPARTMENTS tables; but if you want to version-enable the DEPARTMENTS table, you do not need to version-enable any other tables.

create table employees (employee_id number primary key, employee_name varchar2(30));
create table departments (dept_id number primary key, manager_id number references employees(employee_id));

-- Check RICs; result table does not already exist.
EXECUTE DBMS_WM.FindRICSet('EMPLOYEES', 'EMPLOYEES_RESULTS');
SELECT * FROM employees_results;

TABLE_OWNER                    TABLE_NAME                                       
------------------------------ ------------------------------                   
WM_DEVELOPER                   EMPLOYEES                                        
WM_DEVELOPER                   DEPARTMENTS                                      

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.FindRICSet('DEPARTMENTS', 'DEPARTMENTS_RESULTS');
SELECT * FROM departments_results;

TABLE_OWNER                    TABLE_NAME                                       
------------------------------ ------------------------------                   
WM_DEVELOPER                   DEPARTMENTS 

Syntax

DBMS_WM.FreezeWorkspace(
   workspace     IN VARCHAR2,
   freezemode    IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'NO_ACCESS',
   freezewriter  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   force         IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE);

or

DBMS_WM.FreezeWorkspace(
   workspace         IN VARCHAR2,
   session_duration  IN BOOLEAN,
   freezemode        IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'NO_ACCESS',
   freezewriter      IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   force             IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE);

Parameters

workspace

session_duration

freezemode

freezewriter

force

Usage Notes

If you specify the procedure syntax that does not include the session_duration parameter, it is equivalent to specifying FALSE for that parameter: that is, the workspace is not unfrozen when the session that called the FreezeWorkspace procedure disconnects from the database.

The operation fails if one or more of the following apply:

• workspace is already frozen (unless force is TRUE).

• Any sessions are in workspace and freezemode is NO_ACCESS (specified or defaulted).

• session_duration is FALSE and freezemode is 1WRITER_SESSION.

If freezemode is READ_ONLY or 1WRITER, the workspace cannot be frozen if there is an active database transaction.

You can freeze a workspace only if one or more of the following apply:

• You are the owner of the specified workspace.

• You have the WM_ADMIN system privilege, the FREEZE_ANY_WORKSPACE privilege, or the FREEZE_WORKSPACE privilege for the specified workspace.

The LIVE workspace can be frozen only if freezemode is READ_ONLY or 1WRITER.

To reverse the effect of FreezeWorkspace, use the UnfreezeWorkspace procedure.

Examples

The following example freezes the NEWWORKSPACE workspace.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.FreezeWorkspace ('NEWWORKSPACE');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.GenerateReplicationSupport(
   mastersites       IN VARCHAR2,
   groupname         IN VARCHAR2,
   groupdescription  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'Replication Group for OWM');

Parameters

mastersites

groupname

groupdescription

Usage Notes

To use this procedure, you must understand how replication applies to Workspace Manager objects, as explained in Appendix C. You must also understand the major Oracle replication concepts and techniques, which are documented in Oracle Database Advanced Replication and Oracle Database Advanced Replication Management API Reference.

You must execute this procedure as the replication administrator user at the writer site.

Before executing this procedure, ensure that the following are true:

• There are no workspaces, savepoints, or version-enabled tables on any of the remote sites specified in the mastersites list.

• All the remote sites and the local site have the same version of Workspace Manager installed. You can check the Workspace Manager version number in the WM_INSTALLATION metadata view.

• If there are version-enabled tables on the local site, these tables must exist and must not be version-enabled on each of the remote sites.

This procedure performs the following operations:

• Verifies that the local site and all the sites specified in the mastersites list are running the same version of Workspace Manager.

• Verifies that there are no workspaces, savepoints, or version-enabled tables on any of the remote sites specified in the mastersites list.

• Creates a master group, having the name specified in the groupname parameter, with the local site as the master definition site and the writer site.

• Adds the Workspace Manager metadata tables to this group.

• Disables Workspace Manager operations at all the nonwriter sites (the remote sites specified in the mastersites list).

• If there are any version-enabled tables at the local site, version-enables these tables at each of the remote sites specified in the mastersites list and sets them up for replication.

• Starts the master activity for the newly created master group.

To drop replication support for the Workspace Manager environment, use the DropReplicationSupport procedure.

Examples

The following example generates replication support for the Workspace Manager environment at a hypothetical company.

DBMS_WM.GenerateReplicationSupport(
    mastersites       =>  'BACKUP-SITE1.EXAMPLE.COM, BACKUP-SITE2.EXAMPLE.COM'),
    groupname         =>  'OWM-GROUP',
    groupdescription  =>  'OWM Replication group for Example Corp.');

Format

DBMS_WM.GetBulkLoadVersion(
   workspace      IN VARCHAR2,
   savepoint_var  IN VARCVHAR2 DEFAULT 'LATEST') RETURN INTEGER;

Parameters

workspace

savepoint_var

Usage

Effective with Oracle Database Release 12.1, this function is not necessary and it always returns a null value. The BeginBulkLoading procedure automatically determines the bulk load version based on the workspace name and the optional savepoint name. (However, the bulk loading process in effect for previous releases is still supported.)

Before you can begin bulk loading data into a version-enabled table, you must call the BeginBulkLoading procedure. You must end the bulk loading session by calling either the CommitBulkLoading procedure (to commit changes made when the data was loaded) or the RollbackBulkLoading procedure (to roll back changes made when the data was loaded). For more information about bulk loading with Workspace Manager, see Section 1.7.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• workspace does not exist.

• savepoint_var is not a valid value.

• savepoint_var is ROOT_VERSION but workspace is not LIVE.

Examples

The following example gets a bulk load version number for the W1 workspace, and starts the bulk load operation into the EMP table in that workspace.

DECLARE
  version INTEGER;
BEGIN
  SELECT DBMS_WM.GetBulkLoadVersion ('W1') INTO version FROM DUAL;
  DBMS_WM.BeginBulkLoading ('EMP', 'W1', version);
END;
/

Format

DBMS_WM.GetConflictWorkspace() RETURN VARCHAR2;

Parameters

None.

Usage Notes

If the SetConflictWorkspace procedure has not been executed, the name of the current workspace is returned.

Examples

The following example displays the name of the workspace on which the session has performed the SetConflictWorkspace procedure.

SELECT DBMS_WM.GetConflictWorkspace FROM DUAL;

GETCONFLICTWORKSPACE                                                            
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
B_focus_2  

Format

DBMS_WM.GetDiffVersions() RETURN VARCHAR2;

Parameters

None.

Usage Notes

The returned string is in the format '(WS1,SP1), (WS2,SP2)'. This format, including the parentheses, is intended to help you if you later want to use parts of the returned string in a call to the SetDiffVersions procedure.

Examples

The following example displays the names of the (workspace, savepoint) pairs on which the session has performed the SetDiffVersions operation.

SELECT DBMS_WM.GetDiffVersions FROM DUAL;

GETDIFFVERSIONS                                                                 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(B_focus_1, LATEST), (B_focus_2, LATEST) 

Format

DBMS_WM.GetLockMode() RETURN VARCHAR2;

Parameters

None.

Usage Notes

This function returns E, S, C, or NULL.

• For explanations of E (exclusive), S (shared), and C (carry-forward), see the description of the lockmode parameter of the SetLockingON procedure.

• NULL indicates that locking is not in effect. (Calling the SetLockingOFF procedure results in this setting.)

For an explanation of Workspace Manager locking, see Section 1.3. See also the descriptions of the SetLockingON and SetLockingOFF procedures.

Examples

The following example displays the locking mode in effect for the session.

SELECT DBMS_WM.GetLockMode FROM DUAL;

GETLOCKMODE                                                                     
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C

Format

DBMS_WM.GetMultiWorkspaces() RETURN VARCHAR2;

Parameters

None.

Usage Notes

This procedure returns the names of workspaces visible in the multiworkspace views, which are described in Section 5.55.

If no workspaces are visible in the multiworkspace views, NULL is returned. If more than one workspace name is returned, names are separated by a comma (for example: workspace1,workspace2,workspace3).

To make a workspace visible in the multiworkspace views, use the SetMultiWorkspaces procedure.

Examples

The following example displays the names of workspaces visible in the multiworkspace views.

SELECT DBMS_WM.GetMultiWorkspaces FROM DUAL;

Format

DBMS_WM.GetOpContext() RETURN VARCHAR2;

Parameters

None.

Usage Notes

This function returns one of the following values:

• DML: The current operation is driven by data manipulation language (DML) initiated by the user.

• MERGE_REMOVE: The current operation was initiated by a MergeWorkspace procedure call with the remove_workspace parameter set to TRUE or a MergeTable procedure call with the remove_data parameter set to TRUE.

• MERGE_NOREMOVE: The current operation was initiated by a MergeWorkspace procedure call with the remove_workspace parameter set to FALSE or a MergeTable procedure call with the remove_data parameter set to FALSE.

The returned value can be used in user-defined triggers to take appropriate action based on the current operation.

Examples

The following example displays the context of the current operation.

SELECT DBMS_WM.GetOpContext FROM DUAL;

GETOPCONTEXT                                                                     
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DML

Format

DBMS_WM.GetOriginalDDL
   table_id   IN VARCHAR2,
   ddl_stmts  IN OUT KU$_DDLS;

or

DBMS_WM.GetOriginalDDL
   table_id  IN VARCHAR2,
   ddl_clob  IN OUT CLOB;

Parameters

table_id

ddl_stmts

ddl_clob

Usage

When the EnableVersioning procedure is called, DDL statements are executed on the table that modify its structure and that of related objects. (Some of these changes are outlined in Section 1.1.11.) The GetOriginalDDL procedure returns a series of DDL statements (CREATE TABLE, CREATE INDEX, CREATE TRIGGER, GRANT, and so on) that represent the table as if it was not a version-enabled table. These statements can then be used to create the table in a non-versioned form in another schema or in another database. This new table can then be version-enabled or used in its non-versioned form.

An exception is raised if either of the following applies:

• table_id does not exist.

• You do not have access to table_id.

Examples

The following example returns the original DDL statements for the COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET table into a variable of type KU$_DLLS.

DECLARE
  original_ddl KU$_DDLS;
BEGIN
  DBMS_WM.GetOriginalDDL('cola_marketing_budget', 
                         original_ddl);
END;
/

Format

DBMS_WM.GetPhysicalTableName(
   table_owner  IN VARCHAR2,
   table_name   IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2;

Parameters

table_owner

table_name

Usage

If table_name is a version-enabled table, this function returns the name of the table, whose name is in the form <table_name>_LT, that was created by Workspace Manager when the EnableVersioning procedure was called. For information about these <table_name>_LT tables, see Section 1.1.11.

If table_name is a not a version-enabled table, this function returns table_name. Thus, you can also use this function to check whether or not a table is version-enabled (that is, by checking whether a name in the form <table_name>_LT or the original table name is returned).

If the user executing the function does not have access to the table or the table does not exist, the function returns a null value.

Examples

The following example displays the physical table name associated with the COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET table after that table is version-enabled.

SELECT DBMS_WM.GetPhysicalTableName('wm_developer', 'cola_marketing_budget')
   FROM DUAL;

DBMS_WM.GETPHYSICALTABLENAME('WM_DEVELOPER','COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET')            
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET_LT 

Format

DBMS_WM.GetPrivs(
   workspace  IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2;

Parameters

workspace

Usage

For information about Workspace Manager privileges, see Section 1.4.

Examples

The following example displays the privileges that the current user has for the B_focus_2 workspace.

SELECT DBMS_WM.GetPrivs ('B_focus_2') FROM DUAL;

DBMS_WM.GETPRIVS('B_FOCUS_2')                                                        
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ACCESS,MERGE,CREATE,REMOVE,ROLLBACK 

Format

DBMS_WM.GetSessionInfo(
   workspace     OUT VARCHAR2,
   context       OUT VARCHAR2,
   context_type  OUT VARCHAR2);

Parameters

workspace

context

context_type

Usage Notes

This procedure is useful if you need to know where a session is (workspace and context) -- for example, after you have performed a combination of GotoWorkspace, GotoSavepoint, and GotoDate operations.

After the procedure successfully executes, the context parameter contains one of the following values:

• LATEST: The session is currently on the LATEST logical savepoint (explained in Section 1.1.2), and it can see changes as they are made in the workspace. The context is automatically set to LATEST when the session enters the workspace (using the GotoWorkspace procedure).

• A savepoint name: The session is currently on a savepoint in the workspace. The session cannot see changes as they are made in the latest version of the workspace, but instead sees a static view of the data as of the savepoint creation time. The session context is set to the savepoint name after a call to the GotoSavepoint procedure.

• An instant (a point in time): The session is currently on a specific point in time. The session cannot see changes as they are made in the latest version of the workspace, but instead sees a static view of the data as of the specific time. The session context is set to an instant after a call to the GotoDate procedure.

For detailed information about the session context, see Section 1.2.

Examples

The following example retrieves and displays information about the current workspace and context in the session.

DECLARE
  current_workspace VARCHAR2(30);
  current_context VARCHAR2(30);
  current_context_type VARCHAR2(30);
BEGIN
  DBMS_WM.GetSessionInfo(current_workspace, 
                         current_context, 
                         current_context_type);
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Session currently in workspace: ' ||current_workspace);
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Session context is: ' ||current_context);
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Session context is on: ' ||current_context_type);
END;
/
Session currently in workspace: B_focus_2                                       
Session context is: LATEST                                                      
Session context is on: LATEST                                                   

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

Syntax

DBMS_WM.GetSytstemParameter(
   name   IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2;

Parameters

name

Usage Notes

For information about Workspace Manager system parameters, see Section 1.5.

An exception is raised if the name value is not valid.

Examples

The following checks if multiparent workspaces (described in Section 1.1.10) are allowed.

SELECT DBMS_WM.GetSystemParameter ('ALLOW_MULTI_PARENT_WORKSPACES') FROM DUAL;

DBMS_WM.GETSYSTEMPARAMETER('ALLOW_MULTI_PARENT_WORKSPACES')                     
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ON 

Format

DBMS_WM.GetValidFrom() RETURN TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE;

Parameters

None.

Usage Notes

To set the session valid time period, use the SetValidTime procedure.

To get the ValidTill attribute of the current session valid time, use the GetValidTill function.

Examples

The following example displays the ValidFrom attribute of the current session valid time.

SELECT DBMS_WM.GetValidFrom FROM DUAL;

GETVALIDFROM
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
01-JAN-1995 12:00:00 -04:00

Format

DBMS_WM.GetValidTill() RETURN TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE;

Parameters

None.

Usage Notes

To set the session valid time period, use the SetValidTime procedure.

To get the ValidFrom attribute of the current session valid time, use the GetValidFrom function.

Examples

The following example displays the ValidTill attribute of the current session valid time.

SELECT DBMS_WM.GetValidTill FROM DUAL;

GETVALIDTILL
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
01-JAN-1996 12:00:00 -04:00

Format

DBMS_WM.GetWMMetadataSpace() RETURN NUMBER;

Parameters

None.

Usage Notes

The Workspace Manager metadata (views, internal tables, and other objects) is by default stored in the default tablespace of the WMSYS user. You cannot directly control the size of the Workspace Manager metadata, but you can control its placement by using the Move_Proc procedure to move the metadata to a different tablespace. You can use the GetWMMetadataSpace function to determine the approximate minimum space that you will need to have available in the tablespace into which you are considering moving the Workspace Manager metadata.

Examples

The following example displays the number of bytes currently used to store the Workspace Manager metadata.

SELECT DBMS_WM.GetWMMetadataSpace FROM DUAL;
 
GETWMMETADATASPACE                                                              
------------------                                                              
           6750208 

Format

DBMS_WM.GetWorkspace() RETURN VARCHAR2;

Parameters

None.

Usage Notes

None.

Examples

The following example displays the current workspace for the session.

SELECT DBMS_WM.GetWorkspace FROM DUAL;

GETWORKSPACE                                                                        
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
B_focus_2  

Syntax

DBMS_WM.GotoDate(
   in_date   IN VARCHAR2,
   fmt       IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'mmddyyyyhh24miss',
   nlsparam  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   tsWtz     IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE);

Parameters

in_date

fmt

nlsparam

tsWtz

Usage Notes

You are presented a read-only view of the current workspace at or near the specified date and time. The exact time point depends on the history option for tracking changes to data in version-enabled tables, as set by the EnableVersioning procedure or modified by the SetWoOverwriteOFF or SetWoOverwriteON procedure:

• NONE: The read-only view reflects the first savepoint after in_date.

• VIEW_W_OVERWRITE: The read-only view reflects the data values in effect at in_date, except if in_date is between two savepoints and data was changed between the two savepoints. In this case, data that had been changed between the savepoints might be seen as empty or as having a previous value. To ensure the most complete and accurate view of the data, specify the VIEW_WO_OVERWRITE history option when version-enabling a table.

• VIEW_WO_OVERWRITE: The read-only view reflects the data values in effect at in_date.

For an explanation of the history options, see the description of the hist parameter for the EnableVersioning procedure.

The following example scenario shows the effect of the VIEW_WO_OVERWRITE setting. Assume the following sequence of events:

1. The MANAGER_NAME value in a row is Adams.

2. Savepoint SP1 is created.

3. The MANAGER_NAME value is changed to Baxter.

4. The time point that will be specified as in_date (in step 7) occurs.

5. The MANAGER_NAME value is changed to Chang. (Thus, the value has been changed both before and after in_date since the first savepoint and before the second savepoint.)

6. Savepoint SP2 is created.

7. A GotoDate operation is executed, specifying the time point in step 4 as in_date.

In the preceding scenario:

• If the history option in effect is VIEW_WO_OVERWRITE, the MANAGER_NAME value after step 7 is Baxter. After step 5, the versioned table has three rows, each with a different MANAGER_NAME value (Adams, Baxter, Chang), because each change is made in a new copy of the row.

• If the history option in effect is VIEW_W_OVERWRITE, no value is seen after step 7. The updates in steps 3 and 5 are made in the same copy of the row, and the update in step 5 overwrites the update in step 3. As a result, after step 5 the versioned table has two rows, with MANAGER_NAME values Adams and Chang. Because the MANAGER_NAME value (Baxter) that was in effect at the specified instant has been overwritten, no row is visible.

• If the history option in effect is NONE, the MANAGER_NAME value after step 7 is Chang, because the first savepoint after the specified instant is SP2. After step 5, the versioned table has two rows, with MANAGER_NAME values Adams and Chang.

The GotoDate procedure should be executed while users exist in the workspace. There are no explicit privileges associated with this procedure.

Examples

The following example goes to a point at or near midnight at the start of 08-Jun-2004, depending on the history option currently in effect.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.GotoDate ('08-JUN-04', 'DD-MON-YY');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.GotoSavePoint(
   savepoint_name  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'LATEST');

Parameters

savepoint_name

Usage Notes

You are presented a read-only view of the workspace at the time of savepoint creation. This procedure is useful for examining the workspace from different savepoints before performing a rollback to a specific savepoint by calling the RollbackToSP procedure to delete all rows from that savepoint forward.

This operation can be executed while users exist in the workspace. There are no explicit privileges associated with this operation.

If you do not want to roll back to the savepoint, you can call the GotoSavepoint procedure with a null parameter to go to the currently active version in the workspace. (This achieves the same result as calling the GotoWorkspace procedure and specifying the workspace.)

For more information about savepoints, including the LATEST savepoint, see Section 1.1.2.

Examples

The following example goes to the savepoint named Savepoint1.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.GotoSavepoint ('Savepoint1');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.GotoWorkspace(
   workspace  IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

workspace

Usage Notes

After a user goes to a workspace, modifications to data can be made there.

To go to the live database, specify workspace as LIVE. Because many operations are prohibited when any users (including you) are in the workspace, it is often convenient to go to the LIVE workspace before performing operations on created workspaces.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• workspace does not exist.

• The user does not have ACCESS_WORKSPACE privilege for workspace.

• workspace has been frozen in NO_ACCESS mode (see the FreezeWorkspace procedure).

Examples

The following example includes the user in the NEWWORKSPACE workspace. The user will begin to work in the latest version in that workspace.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.GotoWorkspace ('NEWWORKSPACE');

The following example includes the user in the LIVE database workspace. By default, when users connect to a database, they are placed in this workspace.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.GotoWorkspace ('LIVE');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.GrantGraphPriv(
   priv_types      IN VARCHAR2,
   leaf_workspace  IN VARCHAR2,
   grantee         IN VARCHAR2,
   node_types      IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT '(''R'',''I'',''L'')',
   grant_option    IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'NO',
   auto_commit     IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

priv_types

leaf_workspace

grantee

node_types

grant_option

auto_commit

Usage Notes

Contrast this procedure with GrantWorkspacePriv, which grants workspace-level Workspace Manager privileges on workspaces other than multiparent graph workspaces.

If a user gets a privilege from more than one source and if any of those sources has the grant option for that privilege, the user has the grant option for the privilege. For example, assume that user SCOTT has been granted the ACCESS_WORKSPACE privilege with grant_option as NO, but that the PUBLIC user group has been granted the ACCESS_WORKSPACE privilege with grant_option as YES. Because user SCOTT is a member of PUBLIC, user SCOTT has the ACCESS_WORKSPACE privilege with the grant option.

The WM_ADMIN_ROLE role has all Workspace Manager privileges with the grant option. The WM_ADMIN_ROLE role is automatically given to the DBA role.

The ACCESS_WORKSPACE or ACCESS_ANY_WORKSPACE privilege is needed for all other Workspace Manager privileges.

To revoke workspace-level privileges on multiparent graph workspaces, use the RevokeGraphPriv procedure.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• grantee is not a valid user or role in the database.

• You do not have the privilege to grant priv_types.

• auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

Examples

The following example enables user Smith to access all types of nodes in the directed acyclic graph in which the NEWWORKSPACE workspace is the leaf workspace and to merge changes in these workspaces, and it allows Smith to grant the two specified privileges on the leaf workspace to other users.

DBMS_WM.GrantGraphPriv ('ACCESS_WORKSPACE, MERGE_WORKSPACE', 'NEWWORKSPACE', 'Smith', 'YES');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.GrantPrivsOnPolicy(
   policy_name  IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

policy_name

Usage Notes

This procedure grants the necessary privileges on an OLS policy to the WMSYS schema. These privileges are required when executing workspace operations. If multiple tables protected by the same policy need to be version-enabled, this procedure only needs to be executed once.

Examples

The following grants the necessary privileges on a policy named my_policy.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.GrantPrivsOnPolicy('my_policy');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.GrantSystemPriv(
   priv_types    IN VARCHAR2,
   grantee       IN VARCHAR2,
   grant_option  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'NO',
   auto_commit   IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

priv_types

grantee

grant_option

auto_commit

Usage Notes

Contrast this procedure with GrantWorkspacePriv, which grants workspace-level Workspace Manager privileges with keywords that do not contain ANY and which has a workspace parameter.

If a user gets a privilege from more than one source and if any of those sources has the grant option for that privilege, the user has the grant option for the privilege. For example, assume that user SCOTT has been granted the ACCESS_ANY_WORKSPACE privilege with grant_option as NO, but that the PUBLIC user group has been granted the ACCESS_ANY_WORKSPACE privilege with grant_option as YES. Because user SCOTT is a member of PUBLIC, user SCOTT has the ACCESS_ANY_WORKSPACE privilege with the grant option.

The WM_ADMIN_ROLE role has all Workspace Manager privileges with the grant option. The WM_ADMIN_ROLE role is automatically given to the DBA role.

The ACCESS_WORKSPACE or ACCESS_ANY_WORKSPACE privilege is needed for all other Workspace Manager privileges.

To see which users have been granted Workspace Manager system-level privileges, examine the DBA_WM_SYS_PRIVS metadata view, which is described in Section 5.20.

To revoke system-level privileges, use the RevokeSystemPriv procedure.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• grantee is not a valid user or role in the database.

• You do not have the privilege to grant priv_types.

• auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

Examples

The following example enables user Smith to access any workspace in the database, but does not allow Smith to grant the ACCESS_ANY_WORKSPACE privilege to other users.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.GrantSystemPriv ('ACCESS_ANY_WORKSPACE', 'Smith', 'NO');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.GrantWorkspacePriv(
   priv_types    IN VARCHAR2,
   workspace     IN VARCHAR2,
   grantee       IN VARCHAR2,
   grant_option  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'NO',
   auto_commit   IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

priv_types

workspace

grantee

grant_option

auto_commit

Usage Notes

Contrast this procedure with GrantSystemPriv, which grants system-level Workspace Manager privileges with keywords in the form xxx_ANY_WORKSPACE (ACCESS_ANY_WORKSPACE, MERGE_ANY_WORKSPACE, and so on). Contrast this procedure also with GrantGraphPriv, which grants privileges on multiparent graph workspaces to users and roles.

If a user gets a privilege from more than one source and if any of those sources has the grant option for that privilege, the user has the grant option for the privilege. For example, assume that user SCOTT has been granted the ACCESS_WORKSPACE privilege with grant_option as NO, but that the PUBLIC user group has been granted the ACCESS_WORKSPACE privilege with grant_option as YES. Because user SCOTT is a member of PUBLIC, user SCOTT has the ACCESS_WORKSPACE privilege with the grant option.

The WM_ADMIN_ROLE role has all Workspace Manager privileges with the grant option. The WM_ADMIN_ROLE role is automatically given to the DBA role.

The ACCESS_WORKSPACE or ACCESS_ANY_WORKSPACE privilege is needed for all other Workspace Manager privileges.

To revoke workspace-level privileges, use the RevokeWorkspacePriv procedure.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• grantee is not a valid user or role in the database.

• You do not have the privilege to grant priv_types.

• auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

Examples

The following example enables user Smith to access the NEWWORKSPACE workspace and merge changes in that workspace, and allows Smith to grant the two specified privileges on NEWWORKSPACE to other users.

DBMS_WM.GrantWorkspacePriv ('ACCESS_WORKSPACE, MERGE_WORKSPACE', 'NEWWORKSPACE', 'Smith', 'YES');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.Import(
   staging_table   IN VARCHAR2,
   to_table        IN VARCHAR2,
   to_workspace    IN VARCHAR2,
   from_workspace  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   where_clause    IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   import_scope    IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT DBMS_WM.IMPORT_ALL_DATA,
   ancestor_savepoint_workspace  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   ancestor_savepoint_name       IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   apply_locks     IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   enforceUCFlag   IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
   enforceRICFlag  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
   auto_commit     IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

staging_table

to_table

to_workspace

from_workspace

where_clause

import_scope

ancestor_savepoint_workspace

ancestor_savepoint_name

apply_locks

enforceUCFlag

enforceRICFlag

auto_commit

Usage Notes

All data that satisfies the where_clause parameter value in the staging table named staging_table and the import_scope parameter value is imported into the version-enabled table named to_table.

The data must have been previously exported to the staging table using the Export procedure.

Each row of data to be imported is considered to be one of the following: inserted, updated, or deleted in from_workspace (that is, modified data); or data that was not modified in from_workspace but can be seen in it (that is, ancestor data). If data is exported from the LIVE workspace, it is all modified data.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• A specified table or workspace does not exist.

• staging_table is not in a valid format for the import operation.

• to_table is not a version-enabled table, or does not have an appropriate definition (for example, contains columns not in the staging table).

• from_workspace is null and staging_table contains versioning information.

• ancestor_savepoint_name is not a valid savepoint in ancestor_savepoint_workspace.

• auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

Examples

The following example imports modified data from the staging table COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET_STG in workspace B_focus_2 into the COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET table in workspace B_Focus_1. (The EXECUTE statement is actually on a single line.)

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.Import(staging_table => 'COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET_STG',
  to_table => 'COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET', to_workspace => 'B_focus_1',
  from_workspace => 'B_focus_2');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.Import_Schemas(
   job_name           IN VARCHAR2,
   alt_schema         IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'WMSYS_N',
   ignore_last_error  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE);

Parameters

table_name

alt_schema

ignore_last_error

Usage Notes

This procedure uses a dump file that had been created using the Export_Schemas procedure. There must be no existing version-enabled tables or workspaces, other than LIVE, before you call this procedure. All tables, types, views, functions, RLS policies, and grants of the schemas contained in the dump file are imported. (If you want to import any other objects, you must import them separately.) If any system or workspace privileges or any privileges on version-enabled tables were granted to users that were not contained in the generated dump file, those schemas must be created before you call this procedure; otherwise, the grants will be lost.

This procedure makes use of an already existing Data Pump Import job. When you create this job using the DBMS_DATAPUMP.OPEN procedure, the operation parameter must be set to IMPORT and the mode parameter must be set to FULL. The dump file or files and log file should also be specified before you call the Export_Schemas procedure. No procedures that modify or limit what gets imported (such as DBMS_DATAPUMP.METADATA_FILTER) should be executed on this job.

The schema specified by the alt_schema parameter cannot exist before you call this procedure. It must also be the same schema as specified for alt_schema when you called the Export_Schemas procedure.

For information about using the Data Pump Utility, see Oracle Database Utilities.

If a call to the Import_Schemas procedure fails, you should try to fix the cause of the error. Examine the DBA_WM_VT_ERRORS static data dictionary view to see the SQL statement and error message. Fix the cause of the error, and then call the Import_Schemas procedure again with the default ignore_last_error parameter value of FALSE. However, if the call still fails and you cannot fix the cause of the error, and if you are sure that it is safe and appropriate to ignore this error, then you can ignore the error by calling the Import_Schemas procedure with the ignore_last_error parameter value of TRUE. Note that you are responsible for ensuring that it is safe and appropriate to ignore the error.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• job_name does not exist.

• alt_schema already exists.

• The executing user does not have DBA privileges.

• Errors exist in the WMSYS or user schemas.

Examples

The following example imports the Workspace Manager metadata using the Oracle Data Pump job named IMPORT_OWM_SCHEMAS.

DECLARE
  job_name  varchar2(128) := upper('IMPORT_OWM_SCHEMAS') ;
  dpj  number ;
BEGIN
  dpj := dbms_datapump.open('IMPORT', 'FULL', null, job_name, 'COMPATIBLE') ;
  dbms_datapump.add_file(dpj, 'owm_schema.dmp', 'DUMP_DIR') ;
  dbms_datapump.add_file(dpj, 'owm_schema_import.log', 'DUMP_DIR', filetype=>dbms_datapump.KU$_FILE_TYPE_LOG_FILE) ;
  dbms_wm.import_schemas(job_name) ;
END;
/

Syntax

DBMS_WM.IsWorkspaceOccupied(
   workspace  IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2;

Parameters

workspace

Usage Notes

This function returns YES if the workspace has any active sessions, and it returns NO if the workspace has no active sessions.

An exception is raised if the LIVE workspace is specified or if the user does not have the privilege to access the workspace.

Examples

The following example checks if any sessions are in the B_focus_2 workspace.

SELECT DBMS_WM.IsWorkspaceOccupied('B_focus_2') FROM DUAL;

DBMS_WM.ISWORKSPACEOCCUPIED('B_FOCUS_2')                                                 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
YES     

Syntax

DBMS_WM.LockRows(
   workspace     IN VARCHAR2,
   table_name    IN VARCHAR2,
   where_clause  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT '',
   lock_mode     IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'E',
   Xmin          IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL,
   Ymin          IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL,
   Xmax          IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL,
   Ymax          IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL);

Parameters

workspace

table_name

where_clause

lock_mode

Xmin, Ymin

Xmax, Ymax

Usage Notes

This procedure affects Workspace Manager locking, which occurs in addition to any standard Oracle database locking. For an explanation of Workspace Manager locking, see Section 1.3.

This procedure does not affect whether Workspace Manager locking is set on or off (determined by the SetLockingON and SetLockingOFF procedures).

To unlock rows, use the UnlockRows procedure.

For information about Workspace Manager locking for tables in an Oracle Spatial and Graph topology, see Section 1.14.1.

Examples

The following example locks rows in the EMPLOYEES table where last_name = 'Smith' in the NEWWORKSPACE workspace.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.LockRows ('NEWWORKSPACE', 'employees', 'last_name = ''Smith''');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.MergeTable(
   workspace         IN VARCHAR2,
   table_id          IN VARCHAR2,
   where_clause      IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT '',
   create_savepoint  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   remove_data       IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   auto_commit       IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

workspace

table_id

where_clause

create_savepoint

remove_data

auto_commit

Usage Notes

All data that satisfies the where_clause parameter value in the version-enabled table named table_name in workspace is applied to the parent workspace of workspace.

Any locks that are held by rows being merged are released.

If there are conflicts between the workspace being merged and its parent workspace, the merge operation fails and the user must manually resolve conflicts using the <table_name>_CONF view. (Conflict resolution is explained in Section 1.1.4.)

A table cannot be merged in the LIVE workspace (because that workspace has no parent workspace).

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• The user does not have access to table_id.

• The user does not have the MERGE_WORKSPACE privilege for workspace or the MERGE_ANY_WORKSPACE privilege.

• remove_data is TRUE and there are any child workspaces of any workspace to be removed.

• auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

• The merge involving a multiparent workspace would cause the violation of a referential integrity constraint or unique constraint in any continually refreshed child workspace of the multiparent root workspace.

Examples

The following example merges changes to the EMP table (in the USER3 schema) where last_name = 'Smith' in NEWWORKSPACE to its parent workspace.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.MergeTable ('NEWWORKSPACE', 'user3.emp', 'last_name = ''Smith''');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.MergeWorkspace(
   workspace         IN VARCHAR2,
   create_savepoint  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   remove_workspace  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
   auto_commit       IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

workspace

create_savepoint

remove_workspace

auto_commit

Usage Notes

All data in all version-enabled tables in workspace is merged to the parent workspace of workspace, and workspace is removed if remove_workspace is TRUE.

If workspace is a continually refreshed child workspace, an exclusive lock is taken on the parent workspace. This exclusive lock blocks other operations on the parent workspace, such as GotoWorkspace, which would try to take a shared lock.

Only the current row version for any given row is merged into the parent workspace. To retain all intermediate row versions and historical copies in the child workspace, the value of remove_workspace must be FALSE (the default). For more information about how Workspace Manager creates row versions and manages historical copies, see Section 1.1.12.

While this procedure is executing, the current workspace is frozen in NO_ACCESS mode and the parent workspace is frozen in READ_ONLY mode, as explained in Section 1.1.5.

If there are conflicts between the workspace being merged and its parent workspace, the merge operation fails and the user must manually resolve conflicts using the <table_name>_CONF view. (Conflict resolution is explained in Section 1.1.4.)

If the remove_workspace parameter value is TRUE, the workspace to be merged must be a leaf workspace, that is, a workspace with no descendant workspaces. (For an explanation of workspace hierarchy, see Section 1.1.1.)

To update rows in the child workspace and merge those changes into the parent workspace in the same transaction, you must specify autocommit=FALSE and ensure that no other session (that is, other than the one performing the update transaction) is in the child workspace.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• The user does not have the MERGE_WORKSPACE privilege for workspace or the MERGE_ANY_WORKSPACE privilege.

• The user does not have sufficient privileges on all tables that need to be modified (including, for example, tables modified by triggers).

• auto_commit is TRUE and there is an open database transaction in any workspace under workspace in the workspace hierarchy.

• remove_workspace is TRUE and there are any sessions in any workspaces under workspace in the workspace hierarchy.

• remove_workspace is TRUE and there are any child workspaces of any workspace to be removed.

• auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

• The merge of a multiparent workspace would cause the violation of a referential integrity constraint or unique constraint in any continually refreshed child workspace of the multiparent root workspace.

Examples

The following example merges changes in NEWWORKSPACE to its parent workspace.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.MergeWorkspace ('NEWWORKSPACE');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.Move_Proc(
   dest_tablespace  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'SYSAUX');

Parameters

dest_tablespace

Usage Notes

The Workspace Manager metadata (views, internal tables, and other objects) is by default stored in the default tablespace of the WMSYS user. You cannot directly control the size of the Workspace Manager metadata, but you can control its placement by using this procedure to move the metadata from its current tablespace to a different tablespace. If you call this procedure without specifying the dest_tablespace parameter, the Workspace manager metadata is moved to the SYSAUX tablespace.

Before you move the metadata, you can use the GetWMMetadataSpace function to determine the approximate minimum space that you will need to have available in the tablespace into which you are considering moving the Workspace Manager metadata.

Examples

The following example moves the Workspace Manager metadata to the TBLSP_1 tablespace.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.Move_proc('TBLSP_1');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.PurgeTable(
   table_id       IN VARCHAR2,
   archive_table  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   where_clause   IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   workspace      IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'LIVE',
   savepoint_name IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   instant        IN TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NULL,
   purgeAfter     IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

table_id

archive_table

where_clause

workspace

savepoint_name

instant

purgeAfter

Usage Notes

This procedure removes rows from a version-enabled table that is rooted at workspace. If the purgeAfter parameter value is TRUE (the default), applicable child rows rooted at the specified workspace are removed; if the purgeAfter parameter value is FALSE, applicable ancestor rows rooted at the specified workspace are removed.

You can use the where_clause parameter and the savepoint_name or instant parameter to limit the rows that are purged. For most uses of the procedure, you will probably want to specify a where_clause value to limit the rows to be purged; otherwise all rows are purged (unless limited by the savepoint_name or instant parameter).

An exclusive lock is obtained on the version-enabled table for the duration of the procedure.

Examples

The following example purges any rows where the ID (primary ley) column value is 20 in the USER2.TEST table of the project workspace and its descendent workspaces. (The EXECUTE statement is actually on a single line.)

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.PurgeTable('user2.test', where_clause=>'id=20', workspace=>'project', purgeAfter=>TRUE);

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RecoverAllMigratingTables(
   ignore_last_error IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE);

Parameters

ignore_last_error

Usage Notes

If an error occurs while you are upgrading (migrating) to the current Workspace Manager release, one or more version-enabled tables can be left in an inconsistent state. (For information about upgrading to the current release, see Section B.1.) If the upgrade procedure fails, you should try to fix the cause of the error (examine the USER_WM_VT_ERRORS or ALL_WM_VT_ERRORS metadata view to see the SQL statement and error message), and then call the RecoverMigratingTable procedure (for a single table) or RecoverAllMigratingTables procedure (for all tables) with the default ignore_last_error parameter value of FALSE, to try to complete the upgrade process.

However, if the call still fails and you cannot fix the cause of the error, and if you are sure that it is safe and appropriate to ignore this error, then you have the option to ignore the error by calling the RecoverMigratingTable or RecoverAllMigratingTables procedure with the ignore_last_error parameter value of TRUE. Note that you are responsible for ensuring that it is safe and appropriate to ignore the error.

Examples

The following example attempts to recover all version-enabled tables that were left in an inconsistent state when the upgrade procedure failed.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RecoverAllMigratingTables;

The following example attempts to recover all version-enabled tables that were left in an inconsistent state when the upgrade procedure failed, and it ignores the last error that caused the upgrade procedure to fail.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RecoverAllMigratingTables(TRUE);

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RecoverFromDroppedUser(
   ignore_last_error IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE);

Parameters

ignore_last_error

Usage Notes

If a database user with one or more version-enabled tables is dropped, you must execute this procedure as soon as possible. This procedure removes any foreign key constraints in existing tables that depended on any of the version-enabled tables that were dropped as a result of dropping the user that owned these tables. This procedure also fixes any invalid database metadata.

If a call to the RecoverFromDroppedUser procedure fails, the table is left in an inconsistent state. If this occurs, you should try to fix the cause of the error (examine the DBA_WM_VT_ERRORS metadata view to see the SQL statement and error message), and then call the RecoverFromDroppedUser procedure again with the default ignore_last_error parameter value of FALSE. However, if the call still fails and you cannot fix the cause of the error, and if you are sure that it is safe and appropriate to ignore this error, then you have the option to ignore the error by calling the RecoverFromDroppedUser procedure with the ignore_last_error parameter value of TRUE. Note that you are responsible for ensuring that it is safe and appropriate to ignore the error.

To execute this procedure, you must connect to the database instance as a user with SYSDBA privileges.

Examples

The following drops a user named HERMAN that owns one or more version-enabled tables, and then performs the necessary operations after the drop operation.

DROP USER herman CASCADE;
EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RecoverFromDroppedUser;

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RecoverMigratingTable(
   table_name        IN VARCHAR2,
   ignore_last_error IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE);

Parameters

table_name

ignore_last_error

Usage Notes

If an error occurs while you are upgrading to the current Workspace Manager release, one or more version-enabled tables can be left in an inconsistent state. (For information about upgrading to the current release, see Section B.1.) If the upgrade procedure fails, you should try to fix the cause of the error (examine the USER_WM_VT_ERRORS or ALL_WM_VT_ERRORS metadata view to see the SQL statement and error message), and then call the RecoverMigratingTable procedure (for a single table) or RecoverAllMigratingTables procedure (for all tables) with the default ignore_last_error parameter value of FALSE, to try to complete the upgrade process.

However, if the call still fails and you cannot fix the cause of the error, and if you are sure that it is safe and appropriate to ignore this error, then you have the option to ignore the error by calling the RecoverMigratingTable or RecoverAllMigratingTables procedure with the ignore_last_error parameter value of TRUE. Note that you are responsible for ensuring that it is safe and appropriate to ignore the error.

An exception is raised if table_name does not exist or is not version-enabled.

Examples

The following example attempts to recover the COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET table from the error that caused the upgrade procedure to fail.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RecoverMigratingTable('COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET');

The following example attempts to recover the COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET table and ignores the last error that caused the upgrade procedure to fail.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RecoverMigratingTable('COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET', TRUE);

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RefreshTable(
   workspace     IN VARCHAR2,
   table_id      IN VARCHAR2,
   where_clause  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT '',
   auto_commit   IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

workspace

table_id

where_clause

auto_commit

Usage Notes

This procedure applies to workspace all changes in rows that satisfy the where_clause parameter value in the version-enabled table named table_id in the parent workspace since the time when workspace was created or last refreshed.

If there are conflicts between the workspace being refreshed and its parent workspace, the refresh operation fails and the user must manually resolve conflicts using the <table_name>_CONF view. (Conflict resolution is explained in Section 1.1.4.)

This procedure is ignored if workspace is a continually refreshed workspace.

A table cannot be refreshed in the LIVE workspace (because that workspace has no parent workspace).

An exception is raised if the user does not have access to table_id, if the user does not have the MERGE_WORKSPACE privilege for workspace or the MERGE_ANY_WORKSPACE privilege, or if auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

Examples

The following example refreshes NEWWORKSPACE by applying changes made to the EMPLOYEES table where last_name = 'Smith' in its parent workspace.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RefreshTable ('NEWWORKSPACE', 'employees', 'last_name = ''Smith''');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RefreshWorkspace(
   workspace    IN VARCHAR2,
   auto_commit  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
   copy_data    IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE);

Parameters

workspace

auto_commit

copy_data

Usage Notes

This procedure applies to workspace all changes made to version-enabled tables in the parent workspace since the time when workspace was created or last refreshed.

If there are conflicts between the workspace being refreshed and its parent workspace, the refresh operation fails and the user must manually resolve conflicts using the <table_name>_CONF view. (Conflict resolution is explained in Section 1.1.4.)

The specified workspace and the parent workspace are frozen in READ_ONLY mode, as explained in Section 1.1.5.

The LIVE workspace cannot be refreshed (because it has no parent workspace).

This procedure is ignored if workspace is a continually refreshed workspace.

An exception is raised if the user does not have the MERGE_WORKSPACE privilege for workspace or the MERGE_ANY_WORKSPACE privilege, if the user does not have sufficient privileges on all tables that need to be modified (including, for example, tables modified by triggers), or if auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

Examples

The following example refreshes NEWWORKSPACE by applying changes made in its parent workspace.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RefreshWorkspace ('NEWWORKSPACE');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RelocateWriterSite(
   newwritersite           IN VARCHAR2,
   oldwritersiteavailable  IN BOOLEAN);

Parameters

newwritersite

oldwritersiteavailable

Usage Notes

To use this procedure, you must understand how replication applies to Workspace Manager objects, as explained in Appendix C. You must also understand the major Oracle replication concepts and techniques, which are documented in Oracle Database Advanced Replication and Oracle Database Advanced Replication Management API Reference.

You must execute this procedure as the replication administrator user. You can execute it at any master site.

You should specify the oldwritersiteavailable parameter as TRUE if the old writer site is currently available. If you specify the oldwritersiteavailable parameter as FALSE, you must execute the SynchronizeSite procedure after the old writer site becomes available, to bring that site up to date.

This procedure performs the following operations:

• If oldwritersiteavailable is TRUE, disables workspace operations and DML and DDL operations for all version-enabled tables on the old writer site.

• Enables workspace operations and DML and DDL operations for all version-enabled tables on the new writer site.

• Invokes replication API procedures to relocate the master definition site to newwritersite for the main master group and for the master groups for all the version-enabled tables.

Examples

The following example relocates the writer site for the Workspace Manager environment to BACKUP-SITE1 at a hypothetical company.

DBMS_WM.RelocateWriterSite(
    newwritersite           =>  'BACKUP-SITE1.EXAMPLE.COM'),
    oldwritersiteavailable  =>  TRUE);

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RemoveAsParentWorkspace(
   mp_leafworkspace  IN VARCHAR2,
   parent_workspace  IN VARCHAR2,
   auto_commit       IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

mp_leaf_workspace

parent_workspace

auto_commit

Usage Notes

This procedure is part of the support for the multiparent workspaces feature, which is described in Section 1.1.10. This procedure must be used only on a parent workspace that was previously added to the child workspace using the AddAsParentWorkspace procedure.

This procedure does not remove any workspaces. It only makes parent_workspace no longer a parent workspace of mp_leaf_workspace.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• mp_leaf_workspace or parent_workspace does not exist.

• mp_leaf_workspace has versioned any data in parent_workspace or an ancestor of parent_workspace, and this workspace would no longer be an ancestor of mp_leaf_workspace if the operation were to be performed.

• There are any sessions with open database transactions in mp_leaf_workspace.

• auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

Examples

The following example removes Workspace4 as a parent workspace of Workspace3. (See the hierarchy illustration in Figure 1-3 in Section 1.1.10.)

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RemoveAsParentWorkspace ('Workspace3', 'Workspace4');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RemoveUserDefinedHint(
   hint_id   IN NUMBER,
   table_id  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL);

Parameters

hint_id

table_id

Usage Notes

Use this procedure only to remove or modify the effect of a user-defined hint that you previously specified using the AddUserDefinedHint procedure. (See the Usage Notes for that procedure.)

Examples

The following example removes, for the SCOTT.TABLE1 table, the user-defined hint from SQL statements associated with the hint with the hint ID 1101, and causes the default hint to be used instead.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RemoveUSerDefinedHint (1101, 'scott.table1');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RemoveWorkspace(
   workspace    IN VARCHAR2,
   auto_commit  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

workspace

auto_commit

Usage Notes

The RemoveWorkspace operation can only be performed on leaf workspaces (the bottom-most workspaces in a branch in the hierarchy). For an explanation of database workspace hierarchy, see Section 1.1.1.

If the workspace being removed is a child workspace, its parent workspace is exclusively locked for the duration of the operation.

There must be no other users in the workspace being removed.

An exception is raised if the user does not have the REMOVE_WORKSPACE privilege for workspace or the REMOVE_ANY_WORKSPACE privilege, if the user does not have sufficient privileges on all tables that need to be modified (including, for example, tables modified by triggers), or if auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

Examples

The following example removes the NEWWORKSPACE workspace.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RemoveWorkspace('NEWWORKSPACE');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RemoveWorkspaceTree(
   workspace    IN VARCHAR2,
   auto_commit  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

workspace

auto_commit

Usage Notes

The RemoveWorkspaceTree operation should be used with extreme caution, because it removes support structures and rolls back changes in a workspace and all its descendants down to the leaf workspace or workspaces. For example, in the hierarchy shown in Figure 1-1 in Section 1.1.1, a RemoveWorkspaceTree operation specifying Workspace1 removes Workspace1, Workspace2, and Workspace3. (For an explanation of database workspace hierarchy, see Section 1.1.1.)

There must be no other users in workspace or any of its descendant workspaces.

An exception is raised if the user does not have the REMOVE_WORKSPACE privilege for workspace or any of its descendant workspaces, if the user does not have sufficient privileges on all tables that need to be modified (including, for example, tables modified by triggers), or if auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

Examples

The following example removes the NEWWORKSPACE workspace and all its descendant workspaces.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RemoveWorkspaceTree('NEWWORKSPACE');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RenameSavepoint(
   workspace_name     IN VARCHAR2,
   savepoint_name     IN VARCHAR2;
   new_savepoint_name IN VARCHAR2;

Parameters

workspace_name

savepoint_name

new_savepoint_name

Usage Notes

An exception is raised if the user does not own the workspace or savepoint or does not have the WM_ADMIN system privilege.

Examples

The following example renames savepoint SP1 in the LIVE workspace to 2009 milestone.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RenameSavepoint('LIVE', 'SP11', '2009 milestone');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RenameWorkspace(
   workspace_name     IN VARCHAR2,
   new_workspace_name IN VARCHAR2;

Parameters

workspace_name

new_workspace_name

Usage Notes

This procedure automatically updates the metadata for existing version-enabled tables to refer to the new workspace name. The time required for the procedure to complete will depend on the number of version-enabled tables.

An exception is raised if the user does not own the workspace or does not have the WM_ADMIN system privilege.

Examples

The following example renames workspace WS1 to Construction Project.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RenameWorkspace('WS1', 'Construction Project');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.ResolveConflicts(
   workspace       IN VARCHAR2,
   table_name      IN VARCHAR2,
   where_clause    IN VARCHAR2,
   keep            IN VARCHAR2,
   resolve_base_ne IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE);

Parameters

workspace

table_name

where_clause

keep

resolve_bnase_ne

Usage Notes

This procedure checks the condition identified by the table_name and where_clause parameters, and it finds any conflicts between row values in workspace and its parent workspace. This procedure resolves conflicts by using the row values in the parent or child workspace, as specified in the keep parameter; however, the conflict resolution is not actually merged until you commit the transaction (standard database commit operation) and call the CommitResolve procedure to end the conflict resolution session. (For more information about conflict resolution, including an overall view of the process, see Section 1.1.4.)

For example, assume that for Department 20 (DEPARTMENT_ID = 20), the MANAGER_NAME in the LIVE and Workspace1 workspaces is Tom. Then, the following operations occur:

1. The manager_name for Department 20 is changed in the LIVE database workspace from Tom to Mary.

2. The change is committed (a standard database commit operation).

3. The manager_name for Department 20 is changed in Workspace1 from Tom to Franco.

4. The MergeWorkspace procedure is called to merge Workspace1 changes to the LIVE workspace.

   At this point, however, a conflict exists with respect to MANAGER_NAME for Department 20 in Workspace1 (Franco, which conflicts with Mary in the LIVE workspace), and therefore the call to MergeWorkspace does not succeed.

5. The ResolveConflicts procedure is called with the following parameters: ('Workspace1', 'department', 'department_id = 20', 'child').

   After the MergeWorkspace operation in step 7, the MANAGER_NAME value will be Franco in both the Workspace1 and LIVE workspaces.

6. The change is committed (a standard database commit operation).

7. The MergeWorkspace procedure is called to merge Workspace1 changes to the LIVE workspace.

The following considerations apply during a conflict resolution session:

• A ResolveConflicts operation prevents other workspace operations (such as a merge, refresh, or removal) on the target workspace or table until after the CommitResolve or RollbackResolve procedure is executed.

• Multiple sessions can perform ResolveConflicts operations and perform insert, update, and delete operations on the same table. However, during such operations, the target rows are locked. If more than one session attempts to perform an insert, update, or delete operation on the same row or to resolve a conflict affecting the same row, the first session is allowed to continue; and after that session executes the CommitResolve or RollbackResolve procedure, another session is allowed to proceed.

For more information about conflict resolution, see Section 1.1.4.

Examples

The following example resolves conflicts involving rows in the DEPARTMENT table in Workspace1 where DEPARTMENT_ID is 20, and uses the values in the child workspace to resolve all such conflicts. It then merges the results of the conflict resolution by first committing the transaction (standard commit) and then calling the MergeWorkspace procedure.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.BeginResolve ('Workspace1');
EXECUTE  DBMS_WM.ResolveConflicts ('Workspace1', 'department', 'department_id = 20', 'child');
COMMIT;
EXECUTE DBMS_WM.CommitResolve ('Workspace1');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RevokeGraphPriv(
   priv_types      IN VARCHAR2,
   leaf_workspace  IN VARCHAR2,
   grantee         IN VARCHAR2.
   node_types      IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT '(''R'',''I'',''L'')',
   auto_commit     IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

priv_types

leaf_workspace

grantee

node_types

auto_commit

Usage Notes

Contrast this procedure with RevokeWorkspacePriv, which grants workspace-level Workspace Manager privileges on workspaces other than multiparent graph workspaces.

To grant workspace-level privileges on multiparent graph workspaces, use the GrantGraphPriv procedure.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• grantee is not a valid user or role in the database.

• You were not the grantor of priv_types to grantee.

• auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

Examples

The following example disallows user Smith from accessing all types of nodes in the directed acyclic graph in which the NEWWORKSPACE workspace is the leaf workspace and from merging changes in these workspaces.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RevokeWorkspacePriv ('ACCESS_WORKSPACE, MERGE_WORKSPACE', 'NEWWORKSPACE', 'Smith');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RevokeSystemPriv(
   priv_types   IN VARCHAR2,
   grantee      IN VARCHAR2,
   auto_commit  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

priv_types

grantee

auto_commit

Usage Notes

Contrast this procedure with RevokeWorkspacePriv, which revokes workspace-level Workspace Manager privileges with keywords in the form xxx_WORKSPACE (ACCESS_WORKSPACE, MERGE_WORKSPACE, and so on).

To grant system-level privileges, use the GrantSystemPriv procedure.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• grantee is not a valid user or role in the database.

• You were not the grantor of priv_types to grantee.

• auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

Examples

The following example disallows user Smith from accessing workspaces and merging changes in workspaces.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RevokeSystemPriv ('ACCESS_ANY_WORKSPACE, MERGE_ANY_WORKSPACE', 'Smith');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RevokeWorkspacePriv(
   priv_types   IN VARCHAR2,
   workspace    IN VARCHAR2,
   grantee      IN VARCHAR2.
   auto_commit  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

priv_types

workspace

grantee

auto_commit

Usage Notes

Contrast this procedure with RevokeSystemPriv, which revokes system-level Workspace Manager privileges with keywords in the form xxx_ANY_WORKSPACE (ACCESS_ANY_WORKSPACE, MERGE_ANY_WORKSPACE, and so on). Also contrast this procedure with RevokeGraphPriv, which grants workspace-level Workspace Manager privileges on multiparent graph workspaces

To grant workspace-level privileges, use the GrantWorkspacePriv procedure.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• grantee is not a valid user or role in the database.

• You were not the grantor of priv_types to grantee.

• auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

Examples

The following example disallows user Smith from accessing the NEWWORKSPACE workspace and merging changes in that workspace.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RevokeWorkspacePriv ('ACCESS_WORKSPACE, MERGE_WORKSPACE', 'NEWWORKSPACE', 'Smith');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RollbackBulkLoading(
   table_name         IN VARCHAR2,
   ignore_last_error  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE);

Parameters

table_name

ignore_last_error

Usage Notes

For information about the requirements for bulk loading data into version-enabled tables, see Section 1.7.

This procedure re-creates all the views that were dropped by the BeginBulkLoading procedure.

If a call to the RollbackBulkLoading procedure fails, you should try to fix the cause of the error. Examine the USER_WM_VT_ERRORS and ALL_WM_VT_ERRORS static data dictionary views to see the SQL statement and error message. Fix the cause of the error, and then call the RollbackBulkLoading procedure again with the default ignore_last_error parameter value of FALSE. However, if the call still fails and you cannot fix the cause of the error, and if you are sure that it is safe and appropriate to ignore this error, then you have the option to ignore the error by calling the RollbackBulkLoading procedure with the ignore_last_error parameter value of TRUE. Note that you are responsible for ensuring that it is safe and appropriate to ignore the error.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• table_name does not exist.

• table_name is not version-enabled.

• The BeginBulkLoading procedure has not been called on the table.

• The user does not own the table or does not have the WM_ADMIN system privilege.

Examples

The following example rolls back changes made to EMP table during a bulk load operation.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RollbackBulkLoading ('EMP');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RollbackDDL(
   table_name  IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

table_name

Usage Notes

This procedure rolls back (cancels) changes that were made to a version-enabled table and to any indexes and triggers based on the version-enabled table during a DDL session. It also deletes the <table-name>_LTS skeleton table that was created by the BeginDDL procedure.

For detailed information about performing DDL operations related to version-enabled tables, see Section 1.8; and for DDL operations on version-enabled tables in an Oracle replication environment, see also Section C.3.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• table_name does not exist or is not version-enabled.

• An open DDL session does not exist for table_name. (That is, the BeginDDL procedure has not been called specifying this table, or the CommitDDL or RollbackDDL procedure was already called specifying this table.)

Examples

The following example begins a DDL session, adds a column named COMMENTS to the COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET table by using the skeleton table named COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET_LTS, and ends the DDL session by canceling the change.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.BeginDDL('COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET');
ALTER TABLE cola_marketing_budget_lts ADD (comments VARCHAR2(100));
EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RollbackDDL('COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RollbackResolve(
   workspace  IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

workspace

Usage Notes

This procedure quits the current conflict resolution session (started by the BeginResolve procedure), and discards all changes in the workspace since the start of the conflict resolution session. Contrast this procedure with CommitResolve, which saves all changes.

While the conflict resolution session is being rolled back, the workspace is frozen in 1WRITER mode, as explained in Section 1.1.5.

For more information about conflict resolution, see Section 1.1.4.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• There are one or more open database transactions in workspace.

• The procedure was called by a user that does not have the WM_ADMIN system privilege or that did not execute the BeginResolve procedure on workspace.

Examples

The following example quits the conflict resolution session in Workspace1 and discards all changes.

EXECUTE  DBMS_WM.RollbackResolve ('Workspace1');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RollbackTable(
   workspace     IN VARCHAR2,
   table_id      IN VARCHAR2,
   sp_name       IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT '',
   where_clause  IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT '',
   remove_locks  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
   auto_commit   IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

workspace

table_id

sp_name

where_clause

remove_locks

auto_commit

Usage Notes

You cannot roll back to a savepoint if any implicit savepoints were created since the specified savepoint, unless you first merge or remove the descendant workspaces that caused the implicit savepoints to be created. For example, referring to Figure 1-2 in Section 1.1.2, the user in Workspace1 cannot roll back to savepoint SP1 until Workspace3 (which caused implicit savepoint SPc to be created) is merged or removed.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• workspace does not exist.

• You do not have the privilege to roll back workspace or any affected table.

• A database transaction affecting table_id is open in any workspace.

• auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

Examples

The following example rolls back all changes made to the EMP table (in the USER3 schema) in the NEWWORKSPACE workspace since that workspace was created.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RollbackTable ('NEWWORKSPACE', 'user3.emp');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RollbackToSP(
   workspace       IN VARCHAR2,
   savepoint_name  IN VARCHAR2,
   auto_commit     IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

workspace

savepoint_name

auto_commit

Usage Notes

While this procedure is executing, the workspace is frozen in NO_ACCESS mode.

Contrast this procedure with RollbackWorkspace, which rolls back all changes made since the creation of the workspace.

You cannot roll back to a savepoint if any implicit savepoints were created since the specified savepoint, unless you first merge or remove the descendant workspaces that caused the implicit savepoints to be created. For example, referring to Figure 1-2 in Section 1.1.2, the user in Workspace1 cannot roll back to savepoint SP1 until Workspace3 (which caused implicit savepoint SPc to be created) is merged or removed.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• workspace does not exist.

• savepoint_name does not exist.

• auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

• One or more implicit savepoints were created in workspace after savepoint_name, and the descendant workspaces that caused the implicit savepoints to be created still exist.

• You do not have the privilege to roll back workspace or any affected table.

• Any sessions are in workspace.

Examples

The following example rolls back any changes made in the NEWWORKSPACE workspace to all tables since the creation of Savepoint1.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RollbackToSP ('NEWWORKSPACE', 'Savepoint1');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.RollbackWorkspace(
   workspace    IN VARCHAR2,
   auto_commit  IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

workspace

auto_commit

Usage Notes

Only leaf workspaces can be rolled back. That is, a workspace cannot be rolled back if it has any descendant workspaces. (For an explanation of workspace hierarchy, see Section 1.1.1.)

Contrast this procedure with RollbackToSP, which rolls back changes to a specified savepoint.

Like the RemoveWorkspace procedure, RollbackWorkspace deletes the data in the workspace; however, unlike the RemoveWorkspace procedure, RollbackWorkspace does not delete the Workspace Manager workspace structure.

While this procedure is executing, the specified workspace is frozen in NO_ACCESS mode, as explained in Section 1.1.5.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• workspace has any descendant workspaces.

• workspace does not exist.

• auto_commit is TRUE and an open transaction exists in a parent or child workspace of any table that needs to be modified.

• You do not have the privilege to roll back workspace or any affected table.

• Any sessions are in workspace.

Examples

The following example rolls back any changes made in the NEWWORKSPACE workspace since that workspace was created.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.RollbackWorkspace ('NEWWORKSPACE');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.SetCaptureEvent(
   event_name  IN VARCHAR2,
   capture     IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'ON');

Parameters

event_name

capture

Usage Notes

For information about Workspace Manager events, see Chapter 2.

This procedure requires that the Workspace Manager system parameter ALLOW_CAPTURE_EVENTS be set to ON. To check the value of a Workspace Manager system parameter, use the GetSystemParameter procedure; to set a Workspace Manager system parameter, use the SetSystemParameter procedure.

You can use this procedure to control which types of events are captured. For example, you can enable the capture of all events, and then disable the capture of a few types of events; or you can disable the capture of all events, and then enable the capture of a few types of events.

To see which types of events are currently being captured, examine the WM_EVENTS_INFO metadata view, which is described in Section 5.48.

If this procedure completes successfully, it commits the caller's open database transaction.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• You do not have the WM_ADMIN system privilege.

• The value of the ALLOW_CAPTURE_EVENTS system parameter is OFF and you are trying to set event_name to ON (the default value for that parameter).

• event_name is not valid.

Examples

The following example captures all Workspace Manager events except workspace compression events, by first specifying that all events are to be captured, and then excluding workspace compression events.

-- Allow Workspace Manager events to be captured. (Required for SetCaptureEvent)
EXECUTE DBMS_WM.SetSystemParameter ('ALLOW_CAPTURE_EVENTS', 'ON');
-- Start capturing all Workspace Manager events.
EXECUTE DBMS_WM.SetCaptureEvent ('ALL_EVENTS','ON');
-- Exclude workspace compression events.
EXECUTE DBMS_WM.SetCaptureEvent ('WORKSPACE_COMPRESS','OFF');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.SetCompressWorkspace(
   workspace  IN VARCHAR2,
   firstSP    IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
   secondSP   IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL);

Parameters

workspace

firstSP

secondSP

Usage Notes

You can (but do not need to) use this procedure before calling the CompressWorkspace or CompressWorkspaceTree procedure.

This procedure creates rows in the WM_COMPRESSIBLE_TABLES metadata view (described in WM_COMPRESSIBLE_TABLES) only for version-enabled tables that would need to be compressed during a workspace compression operation.

Examples

The following example creates rows in the WM_COMPRESSIBLE_TABLES metadata view for any version-enabled tables that would need to be compressed during an operation that compressed the B_focus_1 workspace.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.SetCompressWorkspace ('B_focus_1');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.SetConflictWorkspace(
   workspace  IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

workspace

Usage Notes

This procedure checks for any conflicts between workspace and its parent workspace, and it modifies the content of the <table_name>_CONF views (explained in Section 5.51) as needed.

A SELECT operation from the <table_name>_CONF views for all tables modified in a workspace displays all rows in the workspace that are in conflict with the parent workspace. (To obtain a list of tables that have conflicts for the current conflict workspace setting, use the SQL statement SELECT * FROM ALL_WM_VERSIONED_TABLES WHERE conflict = 'YES';. The SQL statement SELECT * FROM <table_name>_CONF displays conflicts for <table_name> between the current workspace and its parent workspace.)

Any conflicts must be resolved before a workspace can be merged or refreshed. To resolve a conflict, you must use the ResolveConflicts procedure, and then merge the result of the resolution by using the MergeWorkspace procedure.

Examples

The following example checks for any conflicts between B_focus_2 and its parent workspace, and modifies the contents of the <table_name>_CONF views as needed.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.SetConflictWorkspace ('B_focus_2');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.SetDiffVersions(
   workspace1   IN VARCHAR2,
   workspace2   IN VARCHAR2,
   onlyModified IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE);

or

DBMS_WM.SetDiffVersions(
   workspace1   IN VARCHAR2,
   savepoint1   IN VARCHAR2,
   workspace2   IN VARCHAR2,
   savepoint2   IN VARCHAR2,
   onlyModified IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE);

Parameters

workspace1

savepoint1

workspace2

savepoint2

onlyModified

Usage Notes

This procedure modifies the contents of the differences views (xxx_DIFF), which are described in Section 5.52. Each call to the procedure populates one or more sets of three rows, each set consisting of:

• Values for the common ancestor

• Values for workspace1 (savepoint1 or LATEST savepoint values)

• Values for workspace2 (savepoint2 or LATEST savepoint values)

You can then select rows from the appropriate xxx_DIFF view or views to check comparable table values in the two savepoints and their common ancestor. The common ancestor (or base) is identified as DiffBase in xxx_DIFF view rows.

Examples

The following example checks the differences in version-enabled tables for the B_focus_1 and B_focus_2 workspaces. (The output has been reformatted for readability.)

-- Add rows to difference view: COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET_DIFF
EXECUTE DBMS_WM.SetDiffVersions ('B_focus_1', 'B_focus_2');

-- View the rows that were just added.
SELECT * from COLA_MARKETING_BUDGET_DIFF;
    
PRODUCT_ID  PRODUCT_NAME  MANAGER  BUDGET  WM_DIFFVER          WMCODE
----------  ------------  -------  ------  -----------         --------
       1        cola_a    Alvarez   2      DiffBase            NC
       1        cola_a    Alvarez   1.5    B_focus_1, LATEST   U       
       1        cola_a    Alvarez   2      B_focus_2, LATEST   NC      
       2        cola_b    Burton    2      DiffBase            NC      
       2        cola_b    Beasley   3      B_focus_1, LATEST   U       
       2        cola_b    Burton    2.5    B_focus_2, LATEST   U    
       3        cola_c    Chen      1.5    DiffBase            NC   
       3        cola_c    Chen      1      B_focus_1, LATEST   U   
       3        cola_c    Chen      1.5    B_focus_2, LATEST   NC  
       4        cola_d    Davis     3.5    DiffBase            NC  
       4        cola_d    Davis     3      B_focus_1, LATEST   U   
       4        cola_d    Davis     2.5    B_focus_2, LATEST   U   
         
12 rows selected.

Section 5.52 explains how to interpret and use the information in the differences (xxx_DIFF) views.

Syntax

DBMS_WM.SetLockingOFF();

Parameters

None.

Usage Notes

This procedure turns off Workspace Manager locking that was set on by the SetLockingON procedure. Existing locks applied by this session remain locked. All new changes by this session are not locked.

Examples

The following example sets locking off for the session.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.SetLockingOFF;

Syntax

DBMS_WM.SetLockingON(
   lockmode  IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

lockmode

Usage Notes

This procedure affects Workspace Manager locking, which occurs in addition to any standard Oracle database locking. Workspace Manager locks can be used to prevent conflicts. When a user locks a row, the corresponding row in the parent workspace is also locked. Thus, when this workspace merges with the parent at merge time, it is guaranteed that this row will not have a conflict.

For information about Workspace Manager lock management, see Section 1.3.

Exclusive locking (lockmode value of E) prevents the use of what-if scenarios in which different values for one or more columns are tested. Thus, plan any testing of scenarios when exclusive locking is not in effect.

Locking is enabled at the user session level, and the locking mode stays in effect until any of the following occurs:

• The session goes to another workspace or connects to the database, in which case the locking mode is set to C (carry-forward) unless another locking mode has been specified using the SetWorkspaceLockModeON procedure.

• The session executes the SetLockingOFF procedure.

The locks remain in effect for the duration of the workspace, unless unlocked by the UnlockRows procedure. (Existing locks are not affected by the SetLockingOFF procedure.)

There are no specific privileges associated with locking. Any session that can go to a workspace can set locking on.

Examples

The following example sets exclusive locking on for the session.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.SetLockingON ('E');

All rows locked by this user remain locked until the workspace is merged or rolled back.

Syntax

DBMS_WM.SetMultiWorkspaces(
   workspaces  IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

workspaces

Usage Notes

This procedure adds rows to the multiworkspace views (xxx_MW). See Section 5.55 for information about the contents and uses of these views.

To see the names of workspaces visible in the multiworkspace views, use the GetMultiWorkspaces function.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• The user does not have the privilege to go to one or more of the workspaces named in workspaces.

• A workspace named in workspaces is not valid.

Examples

The following example adds information to the multiworkspace views for version-enabled tables in the B_focus_1 workspace.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.SetMultiWorkspaces ('B_focus_1');

The following example shows the use of the SetMultiWorkspaces procedure to view information without leaving the current workspace, and the use of the GotoWorkspace procedure to view the same information.

-- These two pairs of statements select the same information.
EXECUTE DBMS_WM.SetMultiWorkspaces ('myworkspace');
SELECT * from mytable_mw;

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.GotoWorkspace ('myworkspace');
SELECT * from mytable;

To select only the rows modified in myworkspace, change the first SELECT statement in the preceding example to the following:

SELECT * from mytable_mw WHERE wm_modified_by = 'myworkspace';

The following example shows the latest rows in the combined ancestor versions of the workspaces named myworkspace and yourworkspace. If the same row is selected from more than workspace, that row is shown only once. Note that there may be more than one row for a primary key because different workspaces might be selecting different versions of the primary key.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.SetMultiWorkspaces ('myworkspace,yourworkspace');
SELECT * from mytable_mw;

Syntax

DBMS_WM.SetSystemParameter(
   name   IN VARCHAR2,
   value  IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

name

value

Usage Notes

For information about Workspace Manager system parameters, see Section 1.5.

If this procedure completes successfully, it commits the caller's open database transaction.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• The user does not have the WM_ADMIN system privilege.

• The system parameter name is not valid.

• The value is not valid for the system parameter.

• You tried to disallow capturing of events, and one or more types of events were being captured. You must first disable the capturing of all events (for example, by calling the SetCaptureEvent procedure and specifying ALL_EVENTS for event_type and OFF for capture).

• You tried to disallow multiparent workspaces, and one or more multiparent workspaces already existed. You must first ensure that all workspaces have no more than one parent workspace (for example, by calling the RemoveAsParentWorkspace procedure as needed).

• You tried to disallow nested table columns, and one or more tables with a nested table column were version-enabled. You must first disable versioning on all tables with nested table columns.

• You tried to change CR_WORKSPACE_MODE or NONCR_WORKSPACE_MODE to PESSIMISTIC_LOCKING, and data exists in a non-LIVE workspace for the corresponding type of workspace (continually refreshed or not continually refreshed).

Examples

The following example allows multiparent workspaces (described in Section 1.1.10) to be created.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.SetSystemParameter ('ALLOW_MULTI_PARENT_WORKSPACES', 'ON');

Syntax

DBMS_WM.SetTriggerEvents(
   triggerName    IN VARCHAR2,
   triggerEvents  IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

triggerName

triggerEvents

Usage Notes

For information about using triggers with Workspace Manager, see Section 1.10.

By default, user-defined triggers are executed for both DML and workspace events, unless the default behavior is changed by using the Workspace Manager system parameter FIRE_TRIGGERS_FOR_NONDML_EVENTS (described in Section 1.5). You can use the SetTriggerEvents procedure to override the current FIRE_TRIGGERS_FOR_NONDML_EVENTS setting for specific triggers; however, if you later change the value of the FIRE_TRIGGERS_FOR_NONDML_EVENTS system parameter, this new value overrides any setting previously specified using the SetTriggerEvents procedure.

If this procedure completes successfully, it commits the caller's open database transaction.

An exception is raised if one or more of the following apply:

• The user is not the trigger owner or does not have the WM_ADMIN system privilege.

• triggerName does not exist.

• one or more triggerEvents values are not valid.

Examples

The following example enables the trigger SCOTT.InsertTrigger only for DML events.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.setTriggerEvents('SCOTT.InsertTrigger', DBMS_WM.DML);

The following example enables the trigger SCOTT.InsertTrigger for DML events and table merge operations.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.setTriggerEvents('SCOTT.InsertTrigger', dbms_wm.DML || ',' || 
                         dbms_wm.TABLE_MERGE_WO_REMOVE_DATA || ',' ||
                         dbms_wm.TABLE_MERGE_W_REMOVE_DATA);

Syntax

DBMS_WM.SetValidTime(
   validFrom IN TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT DBMS_WM.CURRENT_TIME,
   validTill IN TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT DBMS_WM.UNTIL_CHANGED);

Parameters

validFrom

validTill

Usage Notes

For information about Workspace Manager valid time support, see Chapter 3. Section 3.2 explains how validFrom and validTill values are interpreted.

If this procedure is not invoked in the session or if it is invoked with no parameters, all rows that are valid at the current time are considered valid, and the valid time period is considered to be from the current time forward without limit.

Examples

The following example sets the session valid time to include all of the year 2003.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.SetValidTime(TO_DATE('01-01-2003', 'MM-DD-YYYY'), TO_DATE('01-01-2004', 'MM-DD-YYYY'));

Syntax

DBMS_WM.SetValidTimeFilterOFF();

Parameters

None.

Usage Notes

This procedure reverses the effect of theSetValidTimeFilterON procedure, and causes the previously defined valid time filter to be ignored for queries against tables with valid time support. Workspace Manager valid time support is explained in Chapter 3.

See also the Usage Notes for the SetValidTimeFilterON procedure.

Examples

The following example removes the valid time filter for the current session.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.SetValidTimeFilterOFF;

Syntax

DBMS_WM.SetValidTimeFilterON(
   filtertime  IN TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NULL);

Parameters

filtertime

Usage Notes

A valid time filter is a time that is applied to queries against version-enabled tables that have valid time support. When a valid time filter is set for the current session, only rows that are valid for the specified time are returned. Workspace Manager valid time support is explained in Chapter 3.

The purpose for setting a valid time filter is usually to work with only one row for a given primary key value. For example, assume that for the current valid time period, the session has two rows for employee Adams: the first row is valid from 01-Mar-2004 to 30-Apr-2005, and the second row is valid from 01-May-2005 until it is changed. If you set the valid time filter to 01-Jan-2005 and select all rows for Adams, only the first row (the one valid from 01-Mar-2004 to 30-Apr-2005) is returned. If you remove the valid time filter and select all rows for Adams, both rows are returned.

The filtertime value must be in the valid time range for the session. You can set the valid time range using the SetValidTime procedure.

Examples

The following example sets a valid time filter so that for queries against version-enabled tables with valid time support, only rows that are valid on January 1, 2005 are returned.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.SetValidTimeFilterOn(TO_DATE('2005-01-01', 'yyyy-mm-dd'));

Syntax

DBMS_WM.SetWMValidUpdateModeOFF();

Parameters

None.

Usage Notes

This procedure disables sequenced and nonsequenced update operations and sequenced delete operations on tables that have valid time support. Workspace Manager valid time support is explained in Chapter 3; sequenced and nonsequenced update operations and sequenced delete operations are explained in Section 3.6.2.1.

When sequenced update and delete operations are enabled, when an update or delete operation is performed on a table with valid time support, the session's current valid time period is used so that only rows valid during that period are updated or deleted. However, calling the SetWMValidUpdateModeOFF procedure enables all row data to be updated or deleted, regardless of the valid time period, and causes WM_VALID column values in the table not to be updated. (This procedure does not affect insert or query operations on tables with valid time support.)

See also the Usage Notes for the SetWMValidUpdateModeON procedure.

Examples

The following example disables sequenced and nonsequenced update operations and sequenced delete operations on tables that have valid time support.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.SetWMValidUpdateModeOFF;

Syntax

DBMS_WM.SetWMValidUpdateModeON();

Parameters

None.

Usage Notes

This procedure enables sequenced and nonsequenced update operations and sequenced delete operations on tables that have valid time support. Sequenced update and delete operations are enabled when a table is version-enabled with valid time support or when valid time support is added to a version-enabled table; however, sequenced update and delete operations can be disabled using the SetWMValidUpdateModeOFF procedure.

Workspace Manager valid time support is explained in Chapter 3; sequenced and nonsequenced update operations and sequenced delete operations are explained in Section 3.6.2.2.

Examples

The following example enables sequenced and nonsequenced update operations and sequenced delete operations on tables that have valid time support. It reverses the effect of the SetWMValidUpdateModeOFF procedure.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.SetWMValidUpdateModeON;

Syntax

DBMS_WM.SetWoOverwriteOFF();

Parameters

None.

Usage Notes

This procedure affects the recording of history information in the views named <table_name>_HIST by changing the VIEW_WO_OVERWRITE option to VIEW_W_OVERWRITE. That is, from this point forward, the views show only the most recent modifications to the same version of the table. A history of modifications to the version is not maintained; that is, subsequent changes to a row in the same version overwrite earlier changes.

This procedure affects only tables that were version-enabled with the hist parameter set to VIEW_WO_OVERWRITE in the call to the EnableVersioning procedure.

The <table_name>_HIST views are described in Section 5.53. The VIEW_WO_OVERWRITE and VIEW_W_OVERWRITE options are further described in the description of the EnableVersioning procedure.

The history option affects the behavior of the GotoDate procedure. See the Usage Notes for that procedure.

The result of the SetWoOverwriteOFF procedure remains in effect only for the duration of the current session. To reverse the effect of this procedure, use the SetWoOverwriteON procedure.

Examples

The following example disables the VIEW_WO_OVERWRITE history option.

EXECUTE DBMS_WM.SetWoOverwriteOFF;

Syntax

DBMS_WM.SetWoOverwriteON();

Parameters

None.