This chapter introduces the various administration tools of Oracle Net Services. It discusses the main administration applications, Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control and Oracle Net Manager. The chapter also introduces the command-line control utilities.
This chapter contains the following topics:
Oracle Net Services provides tools to help you perform configuration and administrative tasks. This section contains the following topics:
Using Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control to Configure Oracle Net Services
Deciding When to Use Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control and Oracle Net Manager
Using Oracle Net Configuration Assistant to Configure Network Components
Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control enables you to configure Oracle Net Services for any Oracle home across multiple file systems. It also provides common administration functions for listeners. Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control provides an integrated environment for configuring and managing Oracle Net Services.
You can use Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control to configure and administer the following from multiple Oracle homes:
Listeners: Configure listeners to receive client connections.
Naming: Define connect identifiers and map them to connect descriptors to identify the network location of a service. Oracle Net Manager supports configuration of connect descriptors in local tnsnames.ora files or a centralized directory service.
File location: Specify the file location of the Oracle Net configuration files.
See Also:
Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control documentation set and online help for information about using Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud ControlThe following procedure describes how to access the Net Services Administration page using Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control:
From the Login to Database page, enter the database credentials, and then click Login.
The Select Enterprise Manager Home page appears.
Select All Targets from the Targets menu.
Select Listener from the Refine Search list.
Select the listener by double-clicking on the listener name.
Select Net Services Administration from the Oracle Listener menu.
The Net Services Administration page appears.
From the Net Services Administration page, you can administer the listeners, naming methods, preferences, and so on. The administration procedures are described in other chapters of this book.
Oracle Net Manager enables you to configure Oracle Net Services for an Oracle home on a local client or server host.
You can use Oracle Net Manager to configure the following network components:
Listeners: Create and configure listeners to receive client connections.
Naming: Define connect identifiers and map them to connect descriptors to identify the network location and identification of a service. Oracle Net Manager supports configuration of connect descriptors in local tnsnames.ora files or a centralized directory service.
Naming methods: Configure the ways connect identifiers are resolved to connect descriptors.
Profiles: Configure preferences for enabling and configuring Oracle Net features on the client or server.
This section introduces the features of Oracle Net Manager. However, the primary documentation for using Oracle Net Manager is online help. This section contains the following topics:
To start Oracle Net Manager, do the following
On Linux, run netmgr from the ORACLE_HOME/bin directory.
On Microsoft Windows, select Programs from the Start menu, and then select Oracle - HOME_NAME. Next, select Configuration and Migration Tools, and then Net Manager.
The Oracle Net Manager interface includes a toolbar and menu options, as well as property sheets for configuring network components.
The navigator pane provides a tree view of network objects and the objects they contain, organized in a folder hierarchy. You can expand and collapse the folders to monitor or manage objects such as connect identifiers, listeners, and profiles. Click an object to make changes to it.
Table 7-1 lists the main folders in the navigator pane.
Table 7-1 Oracle Net Manager Navigator Pane Folders
| Folder | Description |
|---|---|
|
Local |
Displays networking elements configured in local configuration files:
|
|
Directory |
Displays connect identifiers configured in a directory server |
The Oracle Net Manager wizards provide step-by-step guidance for tasks. The wizards simplify complex tasks by guiding you through the tasks in manageable steps. The wizards are not intended to provide all configuration options. After you have completed a task with a wizard, use the other components of Oracle Net Manager to modify the configuration.
The following topics describe the Oracle Net Manager wizards:
The Net Service Name wizard guides you through creating a basic network service name in a directory server or a tnsnames.ora file.
The following procedure describes how to start the Net Service Name wizard to create network service names:
In the navigator pane, select Directory or Local, and then select Service Naming.
Click the plus sign (+) on the toolbar, or select Create from the Edit menu.
See Also:
Oracle Net Manager online help for detailed information about using the Net Service Name wizard to create a network service nameIf a tnsnames.ora file already exists, then its network service names can be exported to a directory server with the Directory Server Migration wizard.
The following procedure describes how to use the Directory Server Migration wizard:
Select Directory from the Command menu.
Select Export Net Service Names from the Oracle Net Manager menu.
Much of the functionality previously available only in Oracle Net Manager has been integrated with Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control. Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control provides the ability to manage configuration for multiple Oracle homes across multiple file systems. Oracle Net Manager only enables you to manage configuration for one Oracle home on a local host computer. Table 7-2 describes the key differences between the tools.
Table 7-2 Comparing Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control and Oracle Net Manager
| User Interface Tool | Features |
|---|---|
|
Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control |
|
|
Oracle Net Manager |
|
Note:
When Automatic Diagnostic Repository (ADR) is enabled, any changes to the tracing and logging settings using Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control are ignored by the system.Oracle Net Configuration Assistant configures basic network components during installation, including:
Listener names and protocol addresses
Naming methods the client uses to resolve connect identifiers to connect descriptors
Net service names in a tnsnames.ora file
Directory server usage
Oracle Net Configuration Assistant runs automatically during software installation, as described in the Oracle Database installation guide. It can also be run after installation in standalone mode to configure naming methods, the listener, network service names in the tnsnames.ora file, and directory server usage.
To start Oracle Net Configuration Assistant do the following:
On Linux and UNIX, run netca from the ORACLE_HOME/bin directory.
On Microsoft Windows, select Programs from the Start menu, and then select Oracle - HOME_NAME. Next, select Configuration and Migration Tools, and then Oracle Net Configuration Assistant.
See Also:
Oracle Net Configuration Assistant online help
Oracle Grid Infrastructure Installation Guide for information on running Oracle Net Configuration Assistant in silent mode
Table 7-3 describes the configuration options on the Oracle Net Configuration Assistant Welcome page:
Table 7-3 Oracle Net Configuration Assistant
| Option | Description |
|---|---|
|
Create, modify, delete, or rename a listener. |
|
|
Configure the computer to resolve connect identifiers to connect descriptor with one or more of following naming methods:
|
|
|
Create, modify, delete, rename, or test connectivity of a connect descriptor stored in a local |
|
|
Configure a directory server for directory-enabled features. |
To use Oracle Net Manager, you must be a member of the OracleNetAdmins group or the OracleContextAdmins group. Oracle Net Configuration Assistant establishes these access rights for these groups during Oracle Context creation.
This section contains the following topics:
The following procedure describes how to add a user to the OracleNetAdmins group using the ldapmodify command:
Create an LDIF (Lightweight Directory Interchange Format) file that specifies that you want to add a user to the OracleNetAdmins group.
You can use the following sample LDIF file. Use the appropriate DN for cn=OracleNetAdmins and the user that you want to add.
dn: cn=OracleNetAdmins,cn=OracleContext,...
changetype: modify
add: uniquemember
uniquemember: DN of user being added to group
Enter the following command at the command line to refresh the file:
$ ldapmodify -h directory_host -p port -D binddn -q -f ldif_file
In the preceding command, directory_host is the directory server host, port is the listening TCP/IP port for the directory server, binddn is the directory administrator or user DN, and ldif_file is the input file name. If the port is not specified, then the default port of 389 is used. The -q option prompts for a single bind password.
The following procedure describes how to remove a user from the OracleNetAdmins group with the ldapmodify command:
Create an LDIF file that specifies that you want to delete a user to the OracleNetAdmins group.
You can use the following sample LDIF file. Enter the appropriate DN for cn=OracleNetAdmins and the user that you want to delete.
dn: cn=OracleNetAdmins,cn=OracleContext,...
changetype: modify
delete: uniquemember
uniquemember: DN of user being deleted from group
Enter the following command to delete the user:
$ ldapmodify -h directory_host -p port -D binddn -q -f ldif_file
In the preceding command, directory_host is the directory server host, port is the listening TCP/IP port for the directory server, binddn is the directory administrator or user DN, and ldif_file is the input file name. If the port is not specified, then the default port of 389 is used. The -q option prompts for a single bind password.
The following procedure describes how to add a group as an owner of an OracleNetAdmins group:
Create an LDIF file, as follows:
Specify the group you want to add as an owner.
You can use the following sample LDIF file. Enter the appropriate DN for cn=OracleNetAdmins and the DN of the group that you want to add.
dn: cn=OracleNetAdmins,cn=OracleContext,...
changetype: modify
add: owner
owner: DN of group to add
For example, the following LDIF syntax changes the ownership from the OracleNetAdmins group to another group named ExampleSecurityAdmins. The group can be either inside or outside Oracle Context.
dn: cn=OracleNetAdmins,cn=OracleContext,...
changetype: modify
add: owner
owner: cn=ExampleSecurityAdmins
(Optional) Specify the group to delete as an owner.
dn: cn=OracleNetAdmins,cn=OracleContext,...
changetype: modify
delete: owner
owner: DN of group to delete
Enter the following command at the command line to refresh the file:
$ ldapmodify -h directory_host -p port -D binddn -q -f ldif_file
In the preceding command, directory_host is the directory server host, port is the listening TCP/IP port for the directory server, binddn is the directory administrator or user DN, and ldif_file is the input file name. If the port is not specified, then the default port of 389 is used. The -q option prompts for a single bind password to be entered.
Oracle Net Services provides tools to help you start, stop, configure, and control each network component. The Listener Control utility enables you to administer the listener. The utility is started by the user that owns the Oracle installation, or a member of the designated group, on the same machine where the listener is running. The basic syntax for this utility is as follows:
lsnrctl command [listener_name]
For example, the following command starts a listener named lsnr:
lsnrctl START lsnr
You can also issue Listener Control utility commands at the LSNRCTL> program prompt. To obtain the prompt, enter lsnrctl with no arguments at the operating system command line. When you run lsnrctl, the utility is started, and you can enter the necessary commands from the program prompt.
For example:
lsnrctl LSNRCTL> START lsnr
See Also:
"Customizing Oracle Net Listener Configuration" for additional information about the listener
Oracle Database Net Services Reference for additional information about the Listener Control utility
Network configuration and administration tasks are described throughout this guide. The following tables list the common tasks, the tools associated with them, and directs you to the topic in the guide that describes the task:
Table 7-4 shows the tasks for configuring directory server for Oracle Net.
Table 7-4 Configuring Directory Server for Oracle Net Usage
| Task | Tools to Perform Task | See Also |
|---|---|---|
|
Configure directory server usage. |
Oracle Internet Directory Configuration Assistant |
Oracle Fusion Middleware Administrator's Guide for Oracle Internet Directory |
|
Add users to the |
ldapmodify |
|
|
Authenticate with the directory. |
Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control Oracle Net Manager |
Online help in Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control Oracle Database Enterprise User Security Administrator's Guide |
|
Change Oracle Context. |
Oracle Net Manager |
Online help in Oracle Net Manager |
Table 7-5 shows the tasks for configuring naming methods.
Table 7-5 Configuring Naming Methods
| Task | Tools to Perform Task | See Also |
|---|---|---|
|
Configure the local naming method. |
Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control Oracle Net Manager Oracle Net Configuration Assistant |
|
|
Configure the directory naming method. |
Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control Oracle Net Manager |
|
|
Configure the Easy Connect naming method. |
Oracle Net Manager |
|
|
Configure external naming methods. |
Oracle Net Manager |
Table 7-6 shows the tasks for migrating to directory naming.
Table 7-6 Migrating to Directory Naming
| Task | Tools to Perform Task | See Also |
|---|---|---|
|
Export from |
Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control Oracle Net Manager |
Table 7-7 shows the tasks for configuring profiles.
Table 7-7 Configuring Profiles
| Task | Tools to Perform Task | See Also |
|---|---|---|
|
Prioritize naming methods. |
Oracle Net Manager Oracle Net Configuration Assistant |
|
|
Configure a default domain that is automatically appended to any unqualified network service name. |
Oracle Net Manager Oracle Net Configuration Assistant |
|
|
Route connection requests. |
Oracle Net Manager Oracle Net Configuration Assistant |
|
|
Configure access control. |
Oracle Net Manager |
|
|
Configure an authentication method. |
Oracle Net Manager |
|
|
Configure connect request timeouts. |
Manual configuration |
Table 7-8 shows the tasks for configuring listeners.
Table 7-8 Configuring Listeners
| Task | Tools to Perform Task | See Also |
|---|---|---|
|
Configure listening protocol addresses. |
Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control Oracle Net Manager Oracle Net Configuration Assistant |
|
|
Configure dynamic service registration. |
Automatic |
|
|
Configure static service registration. |
Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control Oracle Net Manager |
|
|
Configure connect request timeouts. |
Manual configuration |
Table 7-9 shows the tasks for administering listeners.
Table 7-9 Administering Listeners
| Task | Tools to Perform Task | See Also |
|---|---|---|
|
Start and stop listeners. |
Listener Control Utility |
|
|
View registered information. |
Listener Control Utility |
Table 7-10 shows the tasks for configuring Oracle Connection Manager.
Table 7-10 Configuring Oracle Connection Manager
| Task | Tools to Perform Task | See Also |
|---|---|---|
|
Configure session multiplexing. |
Manual configuration |
"Enabling Session Multiplexing for Oracle Connection Manager" |
|
Configure access control. |
Manual configuration |