24 SDO_LRS Package (Linear Referencing System)

The MDSYS.SDO_LRS package contains subprograms that create, modify, query, and convert linear referencing elements. These subprograms do not change the state of the database. Most LRS subprograms are functions.

To use the subprograms in this chapter, you must understand the linear referencing system (LRS) concepts and techniques described in Chapter 7.

Table 24-1 lists subprograms related to creating and editing geometric segments.

Table 24-1 Subprograms for Creating and Editing Geometric Segments

Subprogram	Description
SDO_LRS.DEFINE_GEOM_SEGMENT	Defines a geometric segment.
SDO_LRS.REDEFINE_GEOM_SEGMENT	Populates the measures of all shape points of a geometric segment based on the start and end measures, overriding any previously assigned measures between the start point and end point.
SDO_LRS.CLIP_GEOM_SEGMENT	Clips a geometric segment (synonym of SDO_LRS.DYNAMIC_SEGMENT).
SDO_LRS.DYNAMIC_SEGMENT	Clips a geometric segment (synonym of SDO_LRS.CLIP_GEOM_SEGMENT).
SDO_LRS.CONCATENATE_GEOM_SEGMENTS	Concatenates two geometric segments into one segment.
SDO_LRS.LRS_INTERSECTION	Returns an LRS geometry object that is the topological intersection (AND operation) of two geometry objects where one or both are LRS geometries.
SDO_LRS.OFFSET_GEOM_SEGMENT	Returns the geometric segment at a specified offset from a geometric segment.
SDO_LRS.SPLIT_GEOM_SEGMENT	Splits a geometric segment into two segments.
SDO_LRS.RESET_MEASURE	Sets all measures of a geometric segment, including the start and end measures, to null values, overriding any previously assigned measures.
SDO_LRS.SCALE_GEOM_SEGMENT	Returns the geometry object resulting from a measure scaling operation on a geometric segment.
SDO_LRS.SET_PT_MEASURE	Sets the measure value of a specified point.
SDO_LRS.REVERSE_MEASURE	Returns a new geometric segment by reversing the measure values, but not the direction, of the original geometric segment.
SDO_LRS.TRANSLATE_MEASURE	Returns a new geometric segment by translating the original geometric segment (that is, shifting the start and end measures by a specified value).
SDO_LRS.REVERSE_GEOMETRY	Returns a new geometric segment by reversing the measure values and the direction of the original geometric segment.

Table 24-2 lists subprograms related to querying geometric segments.

Table 24-2 Subprograms for Querying and Validating Geometric Segments

Subprogram	Description
SDO_LRS.VALID_GEOM_SEGMENT	Checks if a geometric segment is valid.
SDO_LRS.VALID_LRS_PT	Checks if an LRS point is valid.
SDO_LRS.VALID_MEASURE	Checks if a measure falls within the measure range of a geometric segment.
SDO_LRS.CONNECTED_GEOM_SEGMENTS	Checks if two geometric segments are spatially connected.
SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_LENGTH	Returns the length of a geometric segment.
SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_START_PT	Returns the start point of a geometric segment.
SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_END_PT	Returns the end point of a geometric segment.
SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_START_MEASURE	Returns the start measure of a geometric segment.
SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_END_MEASURE	Returns the end measure of a geometric segment.
SDO_LRS.GET_MEASURE	Returns the measure of an LRS point.
SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT	Returns the next shape point on a geometric segment after a specified measure value or LRS point.
SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE	Returns the measure value of the next shape point on a geometric segment after a specified measure value or LRS point.
SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT	Returns the previous shape point on a geometric segment before a specified measure value or LRS point.
SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE	Returns the measure value of the previous shape point on a geometric segment before a specified measure value or LRS point.
SDO_LRS.IS_GEOM_SEGMENT_DEFINED	Checks if an LRS segment is defined correctly.
SDO_LRS.IS_MEASURE_DECREASING	Checks if the measure values along an LRS segment are decreasing (that is, descending in numerical value).
SDO_LRS.IS_MEASURE_INCREASING	Checks if the measure values along an LRS segment are increasing (that is, ascending in numerical value).
SDO_LRS.IS_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE	Checks if a specified measure value is associated with a shape point on a geometric segment.
SDO_LRS.MEASURE_RANGE	Returns the measure range of a geometric segment, that is, the difference between the start measure and end measure.
SDO_LRS.MEASURE_TO_PERCENTAGE	Returns the percentage (0 to 100) that a specified measure is of the measure range of a geometric segment.
SDO_LRS.PERCENTAGE_TO_MEASURE	Returns the measure value of a specified percentage (0 to 100) of the measure range of a geometric segment.
SDO_LRS.LOCATE_PT	Returns the point located at a specified distance from the start of a geometric segment.
SDO_LRS.PROJECT_PT	Returns the projection point of a specified point. The projection point is on the geometric segment.
SDO_LRS.FIND_LRS_DIM_POS	Returns the position of the measure dimension within the SDO_DIM_ARRAY structure for a specified SDO_GEOMETRY column.
SDO_LRS.FIND_MEASURE	Returns the measure of the closest point on a segment to a specified projection point.
SDO_LRS.FIND_OFFSET	Returns the signed offset (shortest distance) from a point to a geometric segment.
SDO_LRS.VALIDATE_LRS_GEOMETRY	Checks if an LRS geometry is valid.

Table 24-3 lists subprograms related to converting geometric segments.

Table 24-3 Subprograms for Converting Geometric Segments

Subprogram	Description
SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_DIM_ARRAY	Converts a standard dimensional array to an LRS dimensional array by creating a measure dimension.
SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_GEOM	Converts a standard SDO_GEOMETRY line string to an LRS geometric segment by adding measure information.
SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_LAYER	Converts all geometry objects in a column of type SDO_GEOMETRY from standard line string geometries without measure information to LRS geometric segments with measure information, and updates the metadata.
SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_STD_DIM_ARRAY	Converts an LRS dimensional array to a standard dimensional array by removing the measure dimension.
SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_STD_GEOM	Converts an LRS geometric segment to a standard SDO_GEOMETRY line string by removing measure information.
SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_STD_LAYER	Converts all geometry objects in a column of type SDO_GEOMETRY from LRS geometric segments with measure information to standard line string geometries without measure information, and updates the metadata.

For more information about conversion subprograms, see Section 7.5.10.

The rest of this chapter provides reference information on the subprograms, listed in alphabetical order.

SDO_LRS.CLIP_GEOM_SEGMENT

Format

SDO_LRS.CLIP_GEOM_SEGMENT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

start_measure IN NUMBER,

end_measure IN NUMBER,

tolerance IN NUMBER DEFAULT 1.0e-8

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

SDO_LRS.CLIP_GEOM_SEGMENT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

start_measure IN NUMBER,

end_measure IN NUMBER

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

Description

Returns the geometry object resulting from a clip operation on a geometric segment.

Note:

SDO_LRS.CLIP_GEOM_SEGMENT and SDO_LRS.DYNAMIC_SEGMENT are synonyms: both functions have the same parameters, behavior, and return value.

Parameters

geom_segment: Cartographic representation of a linear feature.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
start_measure: Start measure of the geometric segment.
end_measure: End measure of the geometric segment.
tolerance: Tolerance value (see Section 1.5.5 and Section 7.6). The default value is 0.00000001.

Usage Notes

An exception is raised if geom_segment, start_measure, or end_measure is invalid.

start_measure and end_measure can be any points on the geometric segment. They do not have to be in any specific order. For example, start_measure and end_measure can be 5 and 10, respectively, or 10 and 5, respectively.

The direction and measures of the resulting geometric segment are preserved (that is, they reflect the original segment).

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.CLIP_GEOM_SEGMENT_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

For more information about clipping geometric segments, see Section 7.5.3.

Examples

The following example clips the geometric segment representing Route 1, returning the segment from measures 5 through 10. This segment might represent a construction zone. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT  SDO_LRS.CLIP_GEOM_SEGMENT(route_geometry, 5, 10)
  FROM lrs_routes WHERE route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.CLIP_GEOM_SEGMENT(ROUTE_GEOMETRY,5,10)(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SRID, SDO_POINT(X,
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3302, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 2, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
5, 4, 5, 8, 4, 8, 10, 4, 10))

SDO_LRS.CONCATENATE_GEOM_SEGMENTS

Format

SDO_LRS.CONCATENATE_GEOM_SEGMENTS(

geom_segment_1 IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

geom_segment_2 IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

tolerance IN NUMBER DEFAULT 1.0e-8

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

SDO_LRS.CONCATENATE_GEOM_SEGMENTS(

geom_segment_1 IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array_1 IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

geom_segment_2 IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array_2 IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

Description

Returns the geometry object resulting from the concatenation of two geometric segments.

Parameters

geom_segment_1: First geometric segment to be concatenated.
dim_array_1: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment_1, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
geom_segment_2: Second geometric segment to be concatenated.
dim_array_2: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment_2, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
tolerance: Tolerance value (see Section 1.5.5 and Section 7.6). The default value is 0.00000001.

Usage Notes

An exception is raised if geom_segment_1 or geom_segment_2 has an invalid geometry type or dimensionality, or if geom_segment_1 and geom_segment_2 are based on different coordinate systems.

The direction of the first geometric segment is preserved, and all measures of the second segment are shifted so that its start measure is the same as the end measure of the first segment.

The geometry type of geom_segment_1 and geom_segment_2 must be line or multiline. Neither can be a polygon.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.CONCATENATE_GEOM_SEGMENTS_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

For more information about concatenating geometric segments, see Section 7.5.5.

Examples

The following example defines the geometric segment, splits it into two segments, then concatenates those segments. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7. The definitions of result_geom_1, result_geom_2, and result_geom_3 are displayed in Example 7-3.)

DECLARE
geom_segment SDO_GEOMETRY;
line_string SDO_GEOMETRY;
dim_array SDO_DIM_ARRAY;
result_geom_1 SDO_GEOMETRY;
result_geom_2 SDO_GEOMETRY;
result_geom_3 SDO_GEOMETRY;

BEGIN

SELECT a.route_geometry into geom_segment FROM lrs_routes a
  WHERE a.route_name = 'Route1';
SELECT m.diminfo into dim_array from 
  user_sdo_geom_metadata m
  WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY';

-- Define the LRS segment for Route1.
SDO_LRS.DEFINE_GEOM_SEGMENT (geom_segment, 
  dim_array,
  0,    -- Zero starting measure: LRS segment starts at start of route.
  27);  -- End of LRS segment is at measure 27.

SELECT a.route_geometry INTO line_string FROM lrs_routes a 
  WHERE a.route_name = 'Route1';

-- Split Route1 into two segments.
SDO_LRS.SPLIT_GEOM_SEGMENT(line_string,dim_array,5,result_geom_1,result_geom_2);

-- Concatenate the segments that were just split.
result_geom_3 := SDO_LRS.CONCATENATE_GEOM_SEGMENTS(result_geom_1, dim_array, result_geom_2, dim_array);

-- Insert geometries into table, to display later.
INSERT INTO lrs_routes VALUES(
  11,
  'result_geom_1',
  result_geom_1
);
INSERT INTO lrs_routes VALUES(
  12,
  'result_geom_2',
  result_geom_2
);
INSERT INTO lrs_routes VALUES(
  13,
  'result_geom_3',
  result_geom_3
);

END;
/

SDO_LRS.CONNECTED_GEOM_SEGMENTS

Format

SDO_LRS.CONNECTED_GEOM_SEGMENTS(

geom_segment_1 IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

geom_segment_2 IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

tolerance IN NUMBER DEFAULT 1.0e-8

) RETURN VARCHAR2;

SDO_LRS.CONNECTED_GEOM_SEGMENTS(

geom_segment_1 IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array_1 IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

geom_segment_2 IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array_2 IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY

) RETURN VARCHAR2;

Description

Checks if two geometric segments are spatially connected.

Parameters

geom_segment_1: First of two geometric segments to be checked.
dim_array_1: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment_1, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
geom_segment_2: Second of two geometric segments to be checked.
dim_array_2: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment_2, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
tolerance: Tolerance value (see Section 1.5.5 and Section 7.6). The default value is 0.00000001.

Usage Notes

This function returns TRUE if the geometric segments are spatially connected and FALSE if the geometric segments are not spatially connected.

An exception is raised if geom_segment_1 or geom_segment_2 has an invalid geometry type or dimensionality, or if geom_segment_1 and geom_segment_2 are based on different coordinate systems.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.CONNECTED_GEOM_SEGMENTS_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Examples

The following example checks if two geometric segments (results of a previous split operation) are spatially connected.

-- Are result_geom_1 and result_geom2 connected? 
SELECT  SDO_LRS.CONNECTED_GEOM_SEGMENTS(a.route_geometry,
           b.route_geometry, 0.005)
  FROM lrs_routes a, lrs_routes b
  WHERE a.route_id = 11 AND b.route_id = 12;

SDO_LRS.CONNECTED_GEOM_SEGMENTS(A.ROUTE_GEOMETRY,B.ROUTE_GEOMETRY,0.005)        
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TRUE

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_DIM_ARRAY

Format

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_DIM_ARRAY(

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY

[, lower_bound IN NUMBER,

upper_bound IN NUMBER,

tolerance IN NUMBER]

) RETURN SDO_DIM_ARRAY;

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_DIM_ARRAY(

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

dim_name IN VARCHAR2

[, lower_bound IN NUMBER,

upper_bound IN NUMBER,

tolerance IN NUMBER]

) RETURN SDO_DIM_ARRAY;

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_DIM_ARRAY(

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

dim_name IN VARCHAR2,

dim_pos IN INTEGER

[, lower_bound IN NUMBER,

upper_bound IN NUMBER,

tolerance IN NUMBER]

) RETURN SDO_DIM_ARRAY;

Description

Converts a standard dimensional array to an LRS dimensional array by creating a measure dimension.

Parameters

dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to the layer (column of geometries) to be converted, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
dim_name: Name of the measure dimension (M, if not otherwise specified).
dim_pos: Position of the measure dimension (the last SDO_DIM_ELEMENT object position in the SDO_DIM_ARRAY, if not otherwise specified).
lower_bound: Lower bound (SDO_LB value in the SDO_DIM_ELEMENT definition) of the ordinate in the measure dimension.
upper_bound: Upper bound (SDO_UB value in the SDO_DIM_ELEMENT definition) of the ordinate in the measure dimension.
tolerance: Tolerance value (see Section 1.5.5 and Section 7.6). The default value is 0.00000001.

Usage Notes

This function converts a standard dimensional array to an LRS dimensional array by creating a measure dimension. Specifically, it adds an SDO_DIM_ELEMENT object at the end of the current SDO_DIM_ELEMENT objects in the SDO_DIM_ARRAY for the dimensional array (unless another dim_pos is specified), and sets the SDO_DIMNAME value in this added SDO_DIM_ELEMENT to M (unless another dim_name is specified). It sets the other values in the added SDO_DIM_ELEMENT according to the values of the upper_bound, lower_bound, and tolerance parameter values.

If dim_array already contains dimensional information, the dim_array is returned.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_DIM_ARRAY_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

For more information about conversion functions, see Section 7.5.10.

Examples

The following example converts the dimensional array for the LRS_ROUTES table to LRS format. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_DIM_ARRAY(m.diminfo)
   FROM user_sdo_geom_metadata m
   WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY';

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_DIM_ARRAY(M.DIMINFO)(SDO_DIMNAME, SDO_LB, SDO_UB, SDO_TOL
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_DIM_ARRAY(SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('X', 0, 20, .005), SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('Y', 0, 20, .00
5), SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('M', 0, 20, .005))

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_GEOM

Format

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_GEOM(

standard_geom IN SDO_GEOMETRY

[, start_measure IN NUMBER,

end_measure IN NUMBER]

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_GEOM(

standard_geom IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY

[, start_measure IN NUMBER,

end_measure IN NUMBER]

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_GEOM(

standard_geom IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

m_pos IN INTEGER

[, start_measure IN NUMBER,

end_measure IN NUMBER]

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

Description

Converts a standard SDO_GEOMETRY line string to an LRS geometric segment by adding measure information.

Parameters

standard_geom: Line string geometry that does not contain measure information.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to standard_geom, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
m_pos: Position of the measure dimension. If specified, must be 3 or 4. By default, the measure dimension is the last dimension in the SDO_DIM_ARRAY.
start_measure: Distance measured from the start point of a geometric segment to the start point of the linear feature. The default is 0.
end_measure: Distance measured from the end point of a geometric segment to the start point of the linear feature. The default is the cartographic length (for example, 75 if the cartographic length is 75 and the unit of measure is miles).

Usage Notes

This function returns an LRS geometric segment with measure information, with measure information provided for all shape points.

An exception is raised if standard_geom has an invalid geometry type or dimensionality, if m_pos is less than 3 or greater than 4, or if start_measure or end_measure is out of range.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_GEOM_3D) is available; however, the m_pos parameter is not available for SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_GEOM_3D. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

For more information about conversion functions, see Section 7.5.10.

Examples

The following example converts the geometric segment representing Route 1 to LRS format. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_GEOM(a.route_geometry, m.diminfo)
  FROM lrs_routes a, user_sdo_geom_metadata m
  WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY'
    AND a.route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_GEOM(A.ROUTE_GEOMETRY,M.DIMINFO)(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SRID, SDO
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3002, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 2, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
2, 2, 0, 2, 4, 2, 8, 4, 8, 12, 4, 12, 12, 10, NULL, 8, 10, 22, 5, 14, 27))

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_LAYER

Format

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_LAYER(

table_name IN VARCHAR2,

column_name IN VARCHAR2

[, lower_bound IN NUMBER,

upper_bound IN NUMBER,

tolerance IN NUMBER]

) RETURN VARCHAR2;

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_LAYER(

table_name IN VARCHAR2,

column_name IN VARCHAR2,

dim_name IN VARCHAR2,

dim_pos IN INTEGER

[, lower_bound IN NUMBER,

upper_bound IN NUMBER,

tolerance IN NUMBER]

) RETURN VARCHAR2;

Description

Converts all geometry objects in a column of type SDO_GEOMETRY (that is, converts a layer) from standard line string geometries without measure information to LRS geometric segments with measure information, and updates the metadata in the USER_SDO_GEOM_METADATA view.

Parameters

table_name: Table containing the column with the SDO_GEOMETRY objects.
column_name: Column in table_name containing the SDO_GEOMETRY objects.
dim_name: Name of the measure dimension. If this parameter is null, M is assumed.
dim_pos: Position of the measure dimension within the SDO_DIM_ARRAY structure for the specified SDO_GEOMETRY column. If this parameter is null, the number corresponding to the last position is assumed.
lower_bound: Lower bound (SDO_LB value in the SDO_DIM_ELEMENT definition) of the ordinate in the measure dimension.
upper_bound: Upper bound (SDO_UB value in the SDO_DIM_ELEMENT definition) of the ordinate in the measure dimension.
tolerance: Tolerance value (see Section 1.5.5 and Section 7.6). The default value is 0.00000001.

Usage Notes

This function returns TRUE if the conversion was successful or if the layer already contains measure information, and the function returns an exception if the conversion was not successful.

An exception is raised if the existing dimensional information for the table is invalid.

The measure values are assigned based on a start measure of zero and an end measure of the cartographic length.

If a spatial index already exists on column_name, you must delete (drop) the index before converting the layer and create a new index after converting the layer. For information about deleting and creating indexes, see the DROP INDEX and CREATE INDEX statements in Chapter 17.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_LAYER_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

For more information about conversion functions, see Section 7.5.10.

Examples

The following example converts the geometric segments in the ROUTE_GEOMETRY column of the LRS_ROUTES table to LRS format. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.) The SELECT statement shows that dimensional information has been added (that is, SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('M', NULL, NULL, NULL) is included in the definition).

BEGIN
  IF (SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_LAYER('LRS_ROUTES', 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY') =  'TRUE')
    THEN
      DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Conversion from STD_LAYER to LRS_LAYER succeeded.');
    ELSE
      DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Conversion from STD_LAYER to LRS_LAYER failed.');
  END IF;
END;
.
/
Conversion from STD_LAYER to LRS_LAYER succeeded.

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> SELECT diminfo FROM user_sdo_geom_metadata WHERE table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY';

DIMINFO(SDO_DIMNAME, SDO_LB, SDO_UB, SDO_TOLERANCE)                             
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_DIM_ARRAY(SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('X', 0, 20, .005), SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('Y', 0, 20, .00
5), SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('M', NULL, NULL, NULL))

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_STD_DIM_ARRAY

Format

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_STD_DIM_ARRAY(

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY

[, m_pos IN INTEGER]

) RETURN SDO_DIM_ARRAY;

Description

Converts an LRS dimensional array to a standard dimensional array by removing the measure dimension.

Parameters

dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to the layer (column of geometries) to be converted, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
m_pos: Position of the measure dimension. If specified, must be 3 or 4. By default, the measure dimension is the last dimension in the SDO_DIM_ARRAY.

Usage Notes

This function converts an LRS dimensional array to a standard dimensional array by removing the measure dimension. Specifically, it removes the SDO_DIM_ELEMENT object at the end of the current SDO_DIM_ELEMENT objects in the SDO_DIM_ARRAY for the dim_array.

An exception is raised if m_pos is invalid (less than 3 or greater than 4).

If dim_array is already a standard dimensional array (that is, does not contain dimensional information), the dim_array is returned.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_STD_DIM_ARRAY_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

For more information about conversion functions, see Section 7.5.10.

Examples

The following example converts the dimensional array for the LRS_ROUTES table to standard format. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_STD_DIM_ARRAY(m.diminfo)
   FROM user_sdo_geom_metadata m
   WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY';

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_STD_DIM_ARRAY(M.DIMINFO)(SDO_DIMNAME, SDO_LB, SDO_UB, SDO_TOL
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_DIM_ARRAY(SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('X', 0, 20, .005), SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('Y', 0, 20, .00
5))

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_STD_GEOM

Format

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_STD_GEOM(

lrs _geom IN SDO_GEOMETRY

[, dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY]

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

Description

Converts an LRS geometric segment to a standard SDO_GEOMETRY line string by removing measure information.

Parameters

lrs_geom: LRS geometry that contains measure information.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to lrs_geom, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

This function returns an SDO_GEOMETRY object in which all measure information is removed.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_STD_GEOM_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

For more information about conversion functions, see Section 7.5.10.

Examples

The following example converts the geometric segment representing Route 1 to standard format. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_STD_GEOM(a.route_geometry, m.diminfo)
  FROM lrs_routes a, user_sdo_geom_metadata m
  WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY'
    AND a.route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_STD_GEOM(A.ROUTE_GEOMETRY,M.DIMINFO)(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SRID, SDO
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(2002, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 2, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
2, 2, 2, 4, 8, 4, 12, 4, 12, 10, 8, 10, 5, 14))

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_STD_LAYER

Format

SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_STD_LAYER(

table_name IN VARCHAR2,

column_name IN VARCHAR2

) RETURN VARCHAR2;

Description

Converts all geometry objects in a column of type SDO_GEOMETRY (that is, converts a layer) from LRS geometric segments with measure information to standard line string geometries without measure information, and updates the metadata in the USER_SDO_GEOM_METADATA view.

Parameters

table_name: Table containing the column with the SDO_GEOMETRY objects.
column_name: Column in table_name containing the SDO_GEOMETRY objects.

Usage Notes

This function returns TRUE if the conversion was successful or if the layer already is a standard layer (that is, contains geometries without measure information), and the function returns an exception if the conversion was not successful.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_STD_LAYER_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

For more information about conversion functions, see Section 7.5.10.

Examples

The following example converts the geometric segments in the ROUTE_GEOMETRY column of the LRS_ROUTES table to standard format. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.) The SELECT statement shows that dimensional information has been removed (that is, no SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('M', NULL, NULL, NULL) is included in the definition).

BEGIN
  IF (SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_STD_LAYER('LRS_ROUTES', 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY') =  'TRUE')
    THEN
      DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Conversion from LRS_LAYER to STD_LAYER succeeded.');
    ELSE
      DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Conversion from LRS_LAYER to STD_LAYER failed.');
  END IF;
END;
.
/
Conversion from LRS_LAYER to STD_LAYER succeeded.

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SELECT diminfo FROM user_sdo_geom_metadata 
   WHERE table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY';

DIMINFO(SDO_DIMNAME, SDO_LB, SDO_UB, SDO_TOLERANCE)                             
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_DIM_ARRAY(SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('X', 0, 20, .005), SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('Y', 0, 20, .00
5))

SDO_LRS.DEFINE_GEOM_SEGMENT

Format

SDO_LRS.DEFINE_GEOM_SEGMENT(

geom_segment IN OUT SDO_GEOMETRY

[, start_measure IN NUMBER,

end_measure IN NUMBER]);

SDO_LRS.DEFINE_GEOM_SEGMENT(

geom_segment IN OUT SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY

[, start_measure IN NUMBER,

end_measure IN NUMBER]);

Description

Defines a geometric segment by assigning start and end measures to a geometric segment, and assigns values to any null measures.

Parameters

geom_segment: Cartographic representation of a linear feature.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
start_measure: Distance measured from the start point of a geometric segment to the start point of the linear feature. The default is the existing value (if any) in the measure dimension; otherwise, the default is 0.
end_measure: Distance measured from the end point of a geometric segment to the start point of the linear feature. The default is the existing value (if any) in the measure dimension; otherwise, the default is the cartographic length of the segment.

Usage Notes

An exception is raised if geom_segment has an invalid geometry type or dimensionality, or if start_measure or end_measure is out of range.

All unassigned measures of the geometric segment will be populated automatically.

To store the resulting geometric segment (geom_segment) in the database, you must execute an UPDATE or INSERT statement, as appropriate.

The _3D format of this procedure (SDO_LRS.DEFINE_GEOM_SEGMENT_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions and procedures, see Section 7.4.

For more information about defining a geometric segment, see Section 7.5.1.

Examples

DECLARE
geom_segment SDO_GEOMETRY;
line_string SDO_GEOMETRY;
dim_array SDO_DIM_ARRAY;
result_geom_1 SDO_GEOMETRY;
result_geom_2 SDO_GEOMETRY;
result_geom_3 SDO_GEOMETRY;

BEGIN

SELECT a.route_geometry into geom_segment FROM lrs_routes a
  WHERE a.route_name = 'Route1';
SELECT m.diminfo into dim_array from 
  user_sdo_geom_metadata m
  WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY';

-- Define the LRS segment for Route1. This will populate any null measures.
SDO_LRS.DEFINE_GEOM_SEGMENT (geom_segment, 
  dim_array,
  0,    -- Zero starting measure: LRS segment starts at start of route.
  27);  -- End of LRS segment is at measure 27.

SELECT a.route_geometry INTO line_string FROM lrs_routes a 
  WHERE a.route_name = 'Route1';

-- Split Route1 into two segments.
SDO_LRS.SPLIT_GEOM_SEGMENT(line_string,dim_array,5,result_geom_1,result_geom_2);

-- Concatenate the segments that were just split.
result_geom_3 := SDO_LRS.CONCATENATE_GEOM_SEGMENTS(result_geom_1, dim_array, result_geom_2, dim_array);

-- Update and insert geometries into table, to display later.
UPDATE lrs_routes a SET a.route_geometry = geom_segment
   WHERE a.route_id = 1;

INSERT INTO lrs_routes VALUES(
  11,
  'result_geom_1',
  result_geom_1
);
INSERT INTO lrs_routes VALUES(
  12,
  'result_geom_2',
  result_geom_2
);
INSERT INTO lrs_routes VALUES(
  13,
  'result_geom_3',
  result_geom_3
);

END;
/

SDO_LRS.DYNAMIC_SEGMENT

Format

SDO_LRS.DYNAMIC_SEGMENT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

start_measure IN NUMBER,

end_measure IN NUMBER,

tolerance IN NUMBER DEFAULT 1.0e-8

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

SDO_LRS.DYNAMIC_SEGMENT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

start_measure IN NUMBER,

end_measure IN NUMBER

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

Description

Returns the geometry object resulting from a clip operation on a geometric segment.

Note:

SDO_LRS.CLIP_GEOM_SEGMENT and SDO_LRS.DYNAMIC_SEGMENT are synonyms: both functions have the same parameters, behavior, and return value.

Parameters

geom_segment: Cartographic representation of a linear feature.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
start_measure: Start measure of the geometric segment.
end_measure: End measure of the geometric segment.
tolerance: Tolerance value (see Section 1.5.5 and Section 7.6). The default value is 0.00000001.

Usage Notes

An exception is raised if geom_segment, start_measure, or end_measure is invalid.

The direction and measures of the resulting geometric segment are preserved.

For more information about clipping a geometric segment, see Section 7.5.3.

Examples

SELECT  SDO_LRS.DYNAMIC_SEGMENT(route_geometry, 5, 10)
  FROM lrs_routes WHERE route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.DYNAMIC_SEGMENT(ROUTE_GEOMETRY,5,10)(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SRID, SDO_POINT(X, Y
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3302, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 2, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
5, 4, 5, 8, 4, 8, 10, 4, 10))

SDO_LRS.FIND_LRS_DIM_POS

Format

SDO_LRS.FIND_LRS_DIM_POS(

table_name IN VARCHAR2,

column_name IN VARCHAR2

) RETURN INTEGER;

Description

Returns the position of the measure dimension within the SDO_DIM_ARRAY structure for a specified SDO_GEOMETRY column.

Parameters

table_name: Table containing the column with the SDO_GEOMETRY objects.
column_name: Column in table_name containing the SDO_GEOMETRY objects.

Usage Notes

None.

Examples

The following example returns the position of the measure dimension within the SDO_DIM_ARRAY structure for geometries in the ROUTE_GEOMETRY column of the LRS_ROUTES table. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT SDO_LRS.FIND_LRS_DIM_POS('LRS_ROUTES', 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY') FROM DUAL;

SDO_LRS.FIND_LRS_DIM_POS('LRS_ROUTES','ROUTE_GEOMETRY')
-------------------------------------------------------
                                                      3

SDO_LRS.FIND_MEASURE

Format

SDO_LRS.FIND_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

point IN SDO_GEOMETRY

) RETURN NUMBER;

SDO_LRS.FIND_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

point IN SDO_GEOMETRY

) RETURN NUMBER;

Description

Returns the measure of the closest point on a segment to a specified projection point.

Parameters

geom_segment: Cartographic representation of a linear feature. This function returns the measure of the point on this segment that is closest to the projection point.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
point: Projection point. This function returns the measure of the point on geom_segment that is closest to the projection point.

Usage Notes

This function returns the measure of the point on geom_segment that is closest to the projection point. For example, if the projection point represents a shopping mall, the function could be used to find how far from the start of the highway is the point on the highway that is closest to the shopping mall.

An exception is raised if geom_segment has an invalid geometry type or dimensionality, or if geom_segment and point are based on different coordinate systems.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.FIND_MEASURE_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Examples

The following example finds the measure for the point on the geometric segment representing Route 1 that is closest to the point (10, 7). (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

-- Find measure for point on segment closest to 10,7.
-- Should return 15 (for point 12,7).
SELECT  SDO_LRS.FIND_MEASURE(a.route_geometry, m.diminfo,
  SDO_GEOMETRY(3001, NULL, NULL, 
     SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 1, 1), 
     SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(10, 7, NULL)) )
 FROM lrs_routes a, user_sdo_geom_metadata m
 WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY'
   AND a.route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.FIND_MEASURE(A.ROUTE_GEOMETRY,M.DIMINFO,SDO_GEOMETRY(3001,NULL,NUL
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                              15

SDO_LRS.FIND_OFFSET

Format

SDO_LRS.FIND_OFFSET(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

point IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

tolerance IN NUMBER DEFAULT 1.0e-8

) RETURN NUMBER;

SDO_LRS.FIND_OFFSET(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

point IN SDO_GEOMETRY

[, point_dim_array IN SDO_GEOMETRY]

) RETURN NUMBER;

Description

Returns the signed offset (shortest distance) from a point to a geometric segment.

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment to be checked for distance from point.
point: Point whose shortest distance from geom_segment is to be returned.
tolerance: Tolerance value (see Section 1.5.5 and Section 7.6). The default value is 0.00000001.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
point_dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to point, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

This function calls the SDO_LRS.PROJECT_PT function format that includes the offset output parameter: it passes in the geometric segment and point information, and it returns the SDO_LRS.PROJECT_PT offset parameter value. Thus, to find the offset of a point from a geometric segment, you can use either this function or the SDO_LRS.PROJECT_PT function with the offset parameter.

An exception is raised if geom_segment or point has an invalid geometry type or dimensionality, or if geom_segment and point are based on different coordinate systems.

For more information about offsets to a geometric segment, see Section 7.1.5.

Examples

The following example returns the offset of point (9,3,NULL) from the geometric segment representing Route 1. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.) As you can see from Figure 7-20 in Section 7.7, the point at (9,3,NULL) is on the right side along the segment, and therefore the offset has a negative value, as explained in Section 7.1.5. The point at (9,3.NULL) is one distance unit away from the point at (9,4,NULL), which is on the segment.

-- Find the offset of point (9,3,NULL) from the road; should return -1.
SELECT  SDO_LRS.FIND_OFFSET(route_geometry, 
  SDO_GEOMETRY(3301, NULL, NULL, 
     SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 1, 1), 
     SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(9, 3, NULL)) )
  FROM lrs_routes WHERE route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.FIND_OFFSET(ROUTE_GEOMETRY,SDO_GEOMETRY(3301,NULL,NULL,SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARR
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                              -1

SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_END_MEASURE

Format

SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_END_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY

[, dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY]

) RETURN NUMBER;

Description

Returns the end measure of a geometric segment.

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment whose end measure is to be returned.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

This function returns the end measure of geom_segment.

An exception is raised if geom_segment has an invalid geometry type or dimensionality.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_END_MEASURE_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Examples

The following example returns the end measure of the geometric segment representing Route 1. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT  SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_END_MEASURE(route_geometry)
  FROM lrs_routes WHERE route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_END_MEASURE(ROUTE_GEOMETRY)                                
------------------------------------------------                                
                                              27

SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_END_PT

Format

SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_END_PT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY

[, dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY]

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

Description

Returns the end point of a geometric segment.

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment whose end point is to be returned.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

This function returns the end point of geom_segment.

An exception is raised if geom_segment has an invalid geometry type or dimensionality.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_END_PT_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Examples

The following example returns the end point of the geometric segment representing Route 1. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT  SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_END_PT(route_geometry)
  FROM lrs_routes WHERE route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_END_PT(ROUTE_GEOMETRY)(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SRID, SDO_POINT(X, Y,
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3301, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 1, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
5, 14, 27))

SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_LENGTH

Format

SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_LENGTH(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY

[, dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY]

) RETURN NUMBER;

Description

Returns the length of a geometric segment.

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment whose length is to be calculated.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

This function returns the length of geom_segment. The length is the geometric length, which is not the same as the total of the measure unit values. To determine how long a segment is in terms of measure units, subtract the result of an SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_START_MEASURE operation from the result of an SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_END_MEASURE operation.

An exception is raised if geom_segment has an invalid geometry type or dimensionality.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_LENGTH_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Examples

The following example returns the length of the geometric segment representing Route 1. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT  SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_LENGTH(route_geometry)
  FROM lrs_routes WHERE route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_LENGTH(ROUTE_GEOMETRY)                                     
-------------------------------------------                                     
                                         27

SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_START_MEASURE

Format

SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_START_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY

[, dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY]

) RETURN NUMBER;

Description

Returns the start measure of a geometric segment.

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment whose start measure is to be returned.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

This function returns the start measure of geom_segment.

An exception is raised if geom_segment has an invalid geometry type or dimensionality.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_START_MEASURE_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Examples

The following example returns the start measure of the geometric segment representing Route 1. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT  SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_START_MEASURE(route_geometry)
  FROM lrs_routes WHERE route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_START_MEASURE(ROUTE_GEOMETRY)                              
--------------------------------------------------                              
                                                 0

SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_START_PT

Format

SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_START_PT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY

[, dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY]

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

Description

Returns the start point of a geometric segment.

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment whose start point is to be returned.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

This function returns the start point of geom_segment.

An exception is raised if geom_segment has an invalid geometry type or dimensionality.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_START_PT_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Examples

The following example returns the start point of the geometric segment representing Route 1. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT  SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_START_PT(route_geometry)
  FROM lrs_routes WHERE route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_START_PT(ROUTE_GEOMETRY)(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SRID, SDO_POINT(X, 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3301, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 1, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
2, 2, 0))

SDO_LRS.GET_MEASURE

Format

SDO_LRS.GET_MEASURE(

point IN SDO_GEOMETRY

[, dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY]

) RETURN NUMBER;

Description

Returns the measure of an LRS point.

Parameters

point: Point whose measure is to be returned.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to point, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

This function returns the measure of an LRS point.

If point is not valid, an "invalid LRS point" exception is raised.

Contrast this function with SDO_LRS.PROJECT_PT, which accepts as input a point that is not necessarily on the geometric segment, but which returns a point that is on the geometric segment, as opposed to a measure value. As the following example shows, the SDO_LRS.GET_MEASURE function can be used to return the measure of the projected point returned by SDO_LRS.PROJECT_PT.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.GET_MEASURE_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Examples

The following example returns the measure of a projected point. In this case, the point resulting from the projection is 9 units from the start of the segment.

SELECT SDO_LRS.GET_MEASURE(
   SDO_LRS.PROJECT_PT(a.route_geometry, m.diminfo,
    SDO_GEOMETRY(3001, NULL, NULL,
       SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 1, 1),
       SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(9, 3, NULL)) ),
   m.diminfo )
   FROM lrs_routes a, user_sdo_geom_metadata m
   WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY'
       AND a.route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.GET_MEASURE(SDO_LRS.PROJECT_PT(A.ROUTE_GEOMETRY,M.DIMINFO,SDO_GEOM
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                               9

SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT

Format

SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

measure IN NUMBER

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

measure IN NUMBER

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

point IN SDO_GEOMETRY

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

point IN SDO_GEOMETRY

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

Description

Returns the next shape point on a geometric segment after a specified measure value or LRS point.

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment.
measure: Measure value on the geometric segment for which to return the next shape point.
point: Point for which to return the next shape point. If point is not on geom_segment, the point on the geometric segment closest to the specified point is computed, and the next shape point after that point is returned.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

If measure or point identifies the end point of the geometric segment, a null value is returned.

An exception is raised if measure is not a valid value for geom_segment or if point is not a valid LRS point.

Contrast this function with SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT, which returns the previous shape point on a geometric segment before a specified measure value or LRS point.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Examples

The following example returns the next shape point after measure 14 on the geometric segment representing Route 1. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT(a.route_geometry, 14)
   FROM lrs_routes a WHERE a.route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT(A.ROUTE_GEOMETRY,14)(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SRID, SDO_POINT(X,
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3301, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 1, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
12, 10, 18))

SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE

Format

SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

measure IN NUMBER

) RETURN NUMBER;

SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

measure IN NUMBER

) RETURN NUMBER;

SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

point IN SDO_GEOMETRY

) RETURN NUMBER;

SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

point IN SDO_GEOMETRY

) RETURN NUMBER;

Description

Returns the measure value of the next shape point on a geometric segment after a specified measure value or LRS point.

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment.
measure: Measure value on the geometric segment for which to return the measure value of the next shape point.
point: Point for which to return the measure value of the next shape point. If point is not on geom_segment, the point on the geometric segment closest to the specified point is computed, and the measure value of the next shape point after that point is returned.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

If measure or point identifies the end point of the geometric segment, a null value is returned.

An exception is raised if measure is not a valid value for geom_segment or if point is not a valid LRS point.

Contrast this function with SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE, which returns the measure value of the previous shape point on a geometric segment before a specified measure value or LRS point.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Examples

The following example returns the measure value of the next shape point after measure 14 on the geometric segment representing Route 1. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE(a.route_geometry, 14)
   FROM lrs_routes a WHERE a.route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE(A.ROUTE_GEOMETRY,14)                          
------------------------------------------------------                          
                                                    18

SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT

Format

SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

measure IN NUMBER

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

measure IN NUMBER

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

point IN SDO_GEOMETRY

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

point IN SDO_GEOMETRY

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

Description

Returns the previous shape point on a geometric segment before a specified measure value or LRS point.

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment.
measure: Measure value on the geometric segment for which to return the previous shape point.
point: Point for which to return the previous shape point. If point is not on geom_segment, the point on the geometric segment closest to the specified point is computed, and the closest shape point before that point is returned.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

If measure or point identifies the start point of the geometric segment, a null value is returned.

An exception is raised if measure is not a valid value for geom_segment or if point is not a valid LRS point.

Contrast this function with SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT, which returns the next shape point on a geometric segment after a specified measure value or LRS point.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Examples

The following example returns the closest shape point to measure 14 and before measure 14 on the geometric segment representing Route 1. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT(a.route_geometry, 14)
   FROM lrs_routes a WHERE a.route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT(A.ROUTE_GEOMETRY,14)(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SRID, SDO_POINT(X,
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3301, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 1, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
12, 4, 12))

SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE

Format

SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

measure IN NUMBER

) RETURN NUMBER;

SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

measure IN NUMBER

) RETURN NUMBER;

SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

point IN SDO_GEOMETRY

) RETURN NUMBER;

SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

point IN SDO_GEOMETRY

) RETURN NUMBER;

Description

Returns the measure value of the previous shape point on a geometric segment before a specified measure value or LRS point.

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment.
measure: Measure value on the geometric segment for which to return the measure value of the previous shape point.
point: Point for which to return the measure value of the previous shape point. If point is not on geom_segment, the point on the geometric segment closest to the specified point is computed, and the measure value of the closest shape point before that point is returned.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

If measure or point identifies the start point of the geometric segment, a null value is returned.

An exception is raised if measure is not a valid value for geom_segment or if point is not a valid LRS point.

Contrast this function with SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE, which returns the measure value of the next shape point on a geometric segment after a specified measure value or LRS point.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Examples

The following example returns the measure value of the closest shape point to measure 14 and before measure 14 on the geometric segment representing Route 1. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE(a.route_geometry, 14)
   FROM lrs_routes a WHERE a.route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE(A.ROUTE_GEOMETRY,14)                          
------------------------------------------------------                          
                                                    12

SDO_LRS.IS_GEOM_SEGMENT_DEFINED

Format

SDO_LRS.IS_GEOM_SEGMENT_DEFINED(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY

[, dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY]

) RETURN VARCHAR2;

Description

Checks if an LRS segment is defined correctly.

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment to be checked.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

This function returns TRUE if geom_segment is defined correctly and FALSE if geom_segment is not defined correctly.

The start and end measures of geom_segment must be defined (cannot be null), and any measures assigned must be in an ascending or descending order along the segment direction.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.IS_GEOM_SEGMENT_DEFINED_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

See also the SDO_LRS.VALID_GEOM_SEGMENT function.

Examples

The following example checks if the geometric segment representing Route 1 is defined. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT  SDO_LRS.IS_GEOM_SEGMENT_DEFINED(route_geometry)
  FROM lrs_routes WHERE route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.IS_GEOM_SEGMENT_DEFINED(ROUTE_GEOMETRY)                                 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TRUE

SDO_LRS.IS_MEASURE_DECREASING

Format

SDO_LRS.IS_MEASURE_DECREASING(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY

[, dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY]

) RETURN VARCHAR2;

Description

Checks if the measure values along an LRS segment are decreasing (that is, descending in numerical value).

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment to be checked.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

This function returns TRUE if the measure values along an LRS segment are decreasing and FALSE if the measure values along an LRS segment are not decreasing.

The start and end measures of geom_segment must be defined (cannot be null).

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.IS_MEASURE_DECREASING_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

See also the SDO_LRS.IS_MEASURE_INCREASING function.

Examples

The following example checks if the measure values along the geometric segment representing Route 1 are decreasing. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT SDO_LRS.IS_MEASURE_DECREASING(a.route_geometry, m.diminfo)
   FROM lrs_routes a, user_sdo_geom_metadata m
   WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY'
   AND a.route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.IS_MEASURE_DECREASING(A.ROUTE_GEOMETRY,M.DIMINFO)                       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FALSE

SDO_LRS.IS_MEASURE_INCREASING

Format

SDO_LRS.IS_MEASURE_INCREASING(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY

[, dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY]

) RETURN VARCHAR2;

Description

Checks if the measure values along an LRS segment are increasing (that is, ascending in numerical value).

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment to be checked.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

This function returns TRUE if the measure values along an LRS segment are increasing and FALSE if the measure values along an LRS segment are not increasing.

The start and end measures of geom_segment must be defined (cannot be null).

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.IS_MEASURE_INCREASING_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

See also the SDO_LRS.IS_MEASURE_DECREASING function.

Examples

The following example checks if the measure values along the geometric segment representing Route 1 are increasing. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT SDO_LRS.IS_MEASURE_INCREASING(a.route_geometry, m.diminfo)
   FROM lrs_routes a, user_sdo_geom_metadata m
   WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY'
   AND a.route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.IS_MEASURE_INCREASING(A.ROUTE_GEOMETRY,M.DIMINFO)                       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TRUE

SDO_LRS.IS_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE

Format

SDO_LRS.IS_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

measure IN NUMBER

) RETURN VARCHAR2;

SDO_LRS.IS_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

measure IN NUMBER

) RETURN VARCHAR2;

Description

Checks if a specified measure value is associated with a shape point on a geometric segment.

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment to be checked.
measure: Measure value on the geometric segment to check if it is a shape point.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

This function returns TRUE if the specified measure value is associated with a shape point and FALSE if the measure value is not associated with a shape point.

An exception is raised if measure is not a valid value for geom_segment.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.IS_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Examples

The following example checks if measure 14 on the geometric segment representing Route 1 is a shape point. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT SDO_LRS.IS_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE(a.route_geometry, 14)
  FROM lrs_routes a WHERE a.route_id = 1;
 
SDO_LRS.IS_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE(A.ROUTE_GEOMETRY,14)                                
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FALSE

SDO_LRS.LOCATE_PT

Format

SDO_LRS.LOCATE_PT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

measure IN NUMBER

[, offset IN NUMBER

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

SDO_LRS.LOCATE_PT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

measure IN NUMBER

[, offset IN NUMBER]

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

Description

Returns the point located at a specified distance from the start of a geometric segment.

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment to be checked to see if it falls within the measure range of measure.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
measure: Distance to measure from the start point of geom_segment.
offset: Distance to measure perpendicularly from the point that is located at measure units from the start point of geom_segment. The default is 0 (that is, the point is on geom_segment).

Usage Notes

This function returns the referenced point. For example, on a highway, the point might represent the location of an accident.

The unit of measurement for offset is the same as for the coordinate system associated with geom_segment. For geodetic data, the default unit of measurement is meters.

With geodetic data using the WGS 84 coordinate system, this function can be used to return the longitude and latitude coordinates of any point on or offset from the segment.

An exception is raised if geom_segment has an invalid geometry type or dimensionality, or if the location is out of range.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.LOCATE_PT_3D) is available; however, the offset parameter is not available for SDO_LRS.LOCATE_PT_3D. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

For more information about locating a point on a geometric segment, see Section 7.5.8.

Examples

The following example creates a table for automobile accident data, inserts a record for an accident at the point at measure 9 and on (that is, offset 0) the geometric segment representing Route 1, and displays the data. (The accident table is deliberately oversimplified. This example also uses the route definition from the example in Section 7.7.)

-- Create a table for accidents.
CREATE TABLE accidents (
  accident_id  NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
  route_id  NUMBER,
  accident_geometry  SDO_GEOMETRY);
 
-- Insert an accident record.
DECLARE
geom_segment SDO_GEOMETRY;
 
BEGIN
 
SELECT  SDO_LRS.LOCATE_PT(a.route_geometry, 9, 0) into geom_segment
  FROM lrs_routes a WHERE a.route_name = 'Route1';
 
INSERT INTO accidents VALUES(1, 1, geom_segment);
 
END;
/
 
SELECT * from accidents;
 
ACCIDENT_ID   ROUTE_ID                                                          
----------- ----------                                                          
ACCIDENT_GEOMETRY(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SRID, SDO_POINT(X, Y, Z), SDO_ELEM_INFO, SDO_OR
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          1          1                                                          
SDO_GEOMETRY(3301, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 1, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
9, 4, 9))

SDO_LRS.LRS_INTERSECTION

Format

SDO_LRS.LRS_INTERSECTION(

geom_1 IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array_1 IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

geom_2 IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array_2 IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

SDO_LRS.LRS_INTERSECTION(

geom_1 IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

geom_2 IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

tolerance IN NUMBER

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

Description

Returns an LRS geometry object that is the topological intersection (AND operation) of two geometry objects where one or both are LRS geometries.

Parameters

geom_1: Geometry object.
dim_array_1: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_1, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
geom_2: Geometry object.
dim_array_2: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_2, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
tolerance: Tolerance value (see Section 1.5.5).

Usage Notes

This function performs essentially the same intersection operation as the SDO_GEOM.SDO_INTERSECTION function (described in Chapter 23), except that SDO_LRS.LRS_INTERSECTION is designed to return a valid LRS geometry (point, line string, or multiline string) where one or both of the geometry-related input parameters are LRS geometries. (If neither input geometry is an LRS geometry, this function operates the same as the SDO_GEOM.SDO_INTERSECTION function.).

The returned geometry is an LRS line string, multiline string, or point geometry that includes measure dimension information. The measure values reflect those in the first LRS geometry specified as an input parameter.

The first LRS geometry specified as an input parameter must not be a polygon; it must be a line string, multiline string, or point.

If an LRS line string (geometric segment) intersects a line string (LRS or standard), the result is an LRS point; if an LRS line string intersects a polygon, the result is an LRS line string.

An exception is raised if geom_1 and geom_2 are based on different coordinate systems.

Examples

The following example shows an LRS geometric segment (illustrated in Figure 7-20 in Section 7.7) intersected by a vertical line from (8,2) to (8,6). The result is an LRS point geometry, in which the measure value (8) reflects the measure for that point (designated as Exit 3 in Figure 7-20) in the geom_1 geometry. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

-- Intersection of LRS segment and standard line segment
SELECT SDO_LRS.LRS_INTERSECTION(route_geometry,
  SDO_GEOMETRY(2002, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1,2,1),
    SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(8,2, 8,6)), 0.005)
  FROM lrs_routes WHERE route_id = 1;
 
SDO_LRS.LRS_INTERSECTION(ROUTE_GEOMETRY,SDO_GEOMETRY(2002,NULL,NULL,SDO_ELEM_INF
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3301, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 1, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
8, 4, 8))

The following example shows an LRS geometric segment (illustrated in Figure 7-20 in Section 7.7) intersected by a vertical line from (12,2) to (12,6). The result is an LRS line string geometry, in which the measure values (12 and 14) reflect measures for points (the first of which is designated as Exit 4 in Figure 7-20) in the geom_1 geometry. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT SDO_LRS.LRS_INTERSECTION(route_geometry,
  SDO_GEOMETRY(2002, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1,2,1),
   SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(12,2, 12,6)), 0.005)
  FROM lrs_routes WHERE route_id = 1;
 
SDO_LRS.LRS_INTERSECTION(ROUTE_GEOMETRY,SDO_GEOMETRY(2002,NULL,NULL,SDO_ELEM_INF
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3302, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 2, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
12, 4, 12, 12, 6, 14))

SDO_LRS.MEASURE_RANGE

Format

SDO_LRS.MEASURE_RANGE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY

[, dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY]

) RETURN NUMBER;

Description

Returns the measure range of a geometric segment, that is, the difference between the start measure and end measure.

Parameters

geom_segment: Cartographic representation of a linear feature.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

This function subtracts the start measure of geom_segment from the end measure of geom_segment.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.MEASURE_RANGE_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Examples

The following example returns the measure range of the geometric segment representing Route 1. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT SDO_LRS.MEASURE_RANGE(route_geometry)
  FROM lrs_routes WHERE route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.MEASURE_RANGE(ROUTE_GEOMETRY)                                           
-------------------------------------                                           
                                   27

SDO_LRS.MEASURE_TO_PERCENTAGE

Format

SDO_LRS.MEASURE_TO_PERCENTAGE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

measure IN NUMBER

) RETURN NUMBER;

SDO_LRS.MEASURE_TO_PERCENTAGE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

measure IN NUMBER

) RETURN NUMBER;

Description

Returns the percentage (0 to 100) that a specified measure is of the measure range of a geometric segment.

Parameters

geom_segment: Cartographic representation of a linear feature.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
measure: Measure value. This function returns the percentage that this measure value is of the measure range.

Usage Notes

This function returns a number (0 to 100) that is the percentage of the measure range that the specified measure represents. (The measure range is the end measure minus the start measure.) For example, if the measure range of geom_segment is 50 and measure is 20, the function returns 40 (because 20/50 = 40%).

This function performs the reverse of the SDO_LRS.PERCENTAGE_TO_MEASURE function, which returns the measure that corresponds to a percentage value.

An exception is raised if geom_segment or measure is invalid.

Examples

The following example returns the percentage that 5 is of the measure range of the geometric segment representing Route 1. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.) The measure range of this segment is 27, and 5 is approximately 18.5 percent of 27.

SELECT SDO_LRS.MEASURE_TO_PERCENTAGE(a.route_geometry, m.diminfo, 5)
  FROM lrs_routes a, user_sdo_geom_metadata m
  WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY'
    AND a.route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.MEASURE_TO_PERCENTAGE(A.ROUTE_GEOMETRY,M.DIMINFO,5)                     
-----------------------------------------------------------                     
                                                 18.5185185

SDO_LRS.OFFSET_GEOM_SEGMENT

Format

SDO_LRS.OFFSET_GEOM_SEGMENT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

start_measure IN NUMBER,

end_measure IN NUMBER,

offset IN NUMBER,

tolerance IN NUMBER DEFAULT 1.0e-8

[, unit IN VARCHAR2]

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

SDO_LRS.OFFSET_GEOM_SEGMENT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

start_measure IN NUMBER,

end_measure IN NUMBER,

offset IN NUMBER

[, unit IN VARCHAR2]

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

Description

Returns the geometric segment at a specified offset from a geometric segment.

Parameters

geom_segment: Cartographic representation of a linear feature.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
start_measure: Start measure of geom_segment at which to start the offset operation.
end_measure: End measure of geom_segment at which to start the offset operation.
offset: Distance to measure perpendicularly from the points along geom_segment. Positive offset values are to the left of geom_segment; negative offset values are to the right of geom_segment.
tolerance: Tolerance value (see Section 1.5.5 and Section 7.6). The default value is 0.00000001.
unit: Unit of measurement specification: a quoted string with one or both of the following keywords:

unit and an SDO_UNIT value from the MDSYS.SDO_DIST_UNITS table. See Section 2.11 for more information about unit of measurement specification.
arc_tolerance and an arc tolerance value. See the Usage Notes for the SDO_GEOM.SDO_ARC_DENSIFY function in Chapter 23 for more information about the arc_tolerance keyword.

For example: 'unit=km arc_tolerance=0.05'

If the input geometry is geodetic data, this parameter is required, and arc_tolerance must be specified. If the input geometry is Cartesian or projected data, arc_tolerance has no effect and should not be specified.

If this parameter is not specified for a Cartesian or projected geometry, or if the arc_tolerance keyword is specified for a geodetic geometry but the unit keyword is not specified, the unit of measurement associated with the data is assumed.

Usage Notes

The direction and measures of the resulting geometric segment are preserved (that is, they reflect the original segment).

The geometry type of geom_segment must be line or multiline. For example, it cannot be a polygon.

An exception is raised if geom_segment, start_measure, or end_measure is invalid.

Examples

The following example returns the geometric segment 2 distance units to the left (positive offset 2) of the segment from measures 5 through 10 of Route 1. Note in SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY of the returned segment that the Y values (6) are 2 greater than the Y values (4) of the relevant part of the original segment. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

-- Create a segment offset 2 to the left from measures 5 through 10.
-- First, display the original segment; then, offset.
SELECT a.route_geometry FROM lrs_routes a WHERE a.route_id = 1;

ROUTE_GEOMETRY(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SRID, SDO_POINT(X, Y, Z), SDO_ELEM_INFO, SDO_ORDIN
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3302, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 2, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
2, 2, 0, 2, 4, 2, 8, 4, 8, 12, 4, 12, 12, 10, 18, 8, 10, 22, 5, 14, 27))        
                                                                                
SELECT  SDO_LRS.OFFSET_GEOM_SEGMENT(a.route_geometry, m.diminfo, 5, 10, 2)
    FROM lrs_routes a, user_sdo_geom_metadata m
    WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY'
      AND a.route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.OFFSET_GEOM_SEGMENT(A.ROUTE_GEOMETRY,M.DIMINFO,5,10,2)(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SR
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3302, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 2, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
5, 6, 5, 10, 6, 10))

SDO_LRS.PERCENTAGE_TO_MEASURE

Format

SDO_LRS.PERCENTAGE_TO_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

percentage IN NUMBER

) RETURN NUMBER;

SDO_LRS.PERCENTAGE_TO_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

percentage IN NUMBER

) RETURN NUMBER;

Description

Returns the measure value of a specified percentage (0 to 100) of the measure range of a geometric segment.

Parameters

geom_segment: Cartographic representation of a linear feature.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
percentage: Percentage value. Must be from 0 to 100. This function returns the measure value corresponding to this percentage of the measure range.

Usage Notes

This function returns the measure value corresponding to the specified percentage of the measure range. (The measure range is the end measure minus the start measure.) For example, if the measure range of geom_segment is 50 and percentage is 40, the function returns 20 (because 40% of 50 = 20).

This function performs the reverse of the SDO_LRS.MEASURE_TO_PERCENTAGE function, which returns the percentage value that corresponds to a measure.

An exception is raised if geom_segment has an invalid geometry type or dimensionality, or if percentage is less than 0 or greater than 100.

Examples

The following example returns the measure that is 50 percent of the measure range of the geometric segment representing Route 1. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.) The measure range of this segment is 27, and 50 percent of 27 is 13.5.

SELECT SDO_LRS.PERCENTAGE_TO_MEASURE(a.route_geometry, m.diminfo, 50)
  FROM lrs_routes a, user_sdo_geom_metadata m
  WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY'
    AND a.route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.PERCENTAGE_TO_MEASURE(A.ROUTE_GEOMETRY,M.DIMINFO,50)                    
------------------------------------------------------------                    
                                                        13.5

SDO_LRS.PROJECT_PT

Format

SDO_LRS.PROJECT_PT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

point IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

tolerance IN NUMBER DEFAULT 1.0e-8

[, offset OUT NUMBER]

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

SDO_LRS.PROJECT_PT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

point IN SDO_GEOMETRY

[, point_dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY]

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

SDO_LRS.PROJECT_PT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

point IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

point_dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY

[, offset OUT NUMBER]

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

Description

Returns the projection point of a specified point. The projection point is on the geometric segment.

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment to be checked.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
point: Point to be projected.
tolerance: Tolerance value (see Section 1.5.5 and Section 7.6). The default value is 0.00000001.
point_dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to point, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
offset: Offset (shortest distance) from the point to the geometric segment.

Usage Notes

This function returns the projection point (including its measure) of a specified point (point). The projection point is on the geometric segment.

If multiple projection points exist, the first projection point encountered from the start point is returned.

If you specify the output parameter offset, the function stores the signed offset (shortest distance) from the point to the geometric segment. For more information about the offset to a geometric segment, see Section 7.1.5.

An exception is raised if geom_segment or point has an invalid geometry type or dimensionality, or if geom_segment and point are based on different coordinate systems.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.PROJECT_PT_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

For more information about projecting a point onto a geometric segment, see Section 7.5.9.

Examples

The following example returns the point (9,4,9) on the geometric segment representing Route 1 that is closest to the specified point (9,3,NULL). (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

-- Point 9,3,NULL is off the road; should return 9,4,9.
SELECT  SDO_LRS.PROJECT_PT(route_geometry, 
  SDO_GEOMETRY(3301, NULL, NULL, 
     SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 1, 1), 
     SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(9, 3, NULL)) )
  FROM lrs_routes WHERE route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.PROJECT_PT(ROUTE_GEOMETRY,SDO_GEOMETRY(3301,NULL,NULL,SDO_EL
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3301, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 1, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
9, 4, 9))

SDO_LRS.REDEFINE_GEOM_SEGMENT

Format

SDO_LRS.REDEFINE_GEOM_SEGMENT(

geom_segment IN OUT SDO_GEOMETRY

[, start_measure IN NUMBER,

end_measure IN NUMBER]);

SDO_LRS.REDEFINE_GEOM_SEGMENT(

geom_segment IN OUT SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY

[, start_measure IN NUMBER,

end_measure IN NUMBER]);

Description

Populates the measures of all shape points based on the start and end measures of a geometric segment, overriding any previously assigned measures between the start point and end point.

Parameters

geom_segment: Cartographic representation of a linear feature.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
start_measure: Distance measured from the start point of a geometric segment to the start point of the linear feature. The default is the existing value (if any) in the measure dimension; otherwise, the default is 0.
end_measure: Distance measured from the end point of a geometric segment to the start point of the linear feature. The default is the existing value (if any) in the measure dimension; otherwise, the default is the cartographic length of the segment.

Usage Notes

An exception is raised if geom_segment has an invalid geometry type or dimensionality, or if start_measure or end_measure is out of range.

The _3D format of this procedure (SDO_LRS.REDEFINE_GEOM_SEGMENT_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions and procedures, see Section 7.4.

For more information about redefining a geometric segment, see Section 7.5.2.

Examples

The following example redefines a geometric segment, effectively converting miles to kilometers in the measure values. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

-- First, display the original segment; then, redefine.
SELECT a.route_geometry FROM lrs_routes a WHERE a.route_id = 1;

ROUTE_GEOMETRY(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SRID, SDO_POINT(X, Y, Z), SDO_ELEM_INFO, SDO_ORDIN
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3302, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 2, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
2, 2, 0, 2, 4, 2, 8, 4, 8, 12, 4, 12, 12, 10, 18, 8, 10, 22, 5, 14, 27))        
                                                                                
-- Redefine geometric segment to "convert" miles to kilometers.
DECLARE
geom_segment SDO_GEOMETRY;
dim_array SDO_DIM_ARRAY;

BEGIN

SELECT a.route_geometry into geom_segment FROM lrs_routes a
  WHERE a.route_name = 'Route1';
SELECT m.diminfo into dim_array from 
  user_sdo_geom_metadata m
  WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY';

-- "Convert" mile measures to kilometers (27 * 1.609 = 43.443).
SDO_LRS.REDEFINE_GEOM_SEGMENT (geom_segment, 
  dim_array,
   0,    -- Zero starting measure: LRS segment starts at start of route.
   43.443);  -- End of LRS segment. 27 miles = 43.443 kilometers.

-- Update and insert geometries into table, to display later.
UPDATE lrs_routes a SET a.route_geometry = geom_segment
   WHERE a.route_id = 1;

END;
/

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

-- Display the redefined segment, with all measures "converted."
SELECT a.route_geometry FROM lrs_routes a WHERE a.route_id = 1;

ROUTE_GEOMETRY(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SRID, SDO_POINT(X, Y, Z), SDO_ELEM_INFO, SDO_ORDIN
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3302, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 2, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
2, 2, 0, 2, 4, 3.218, 8, 4, 12.872, 12, 4, 19.308, 12, 10, 28.962, 8, 10, 35.398
, 5, 14, 43.443))

SDO_LRS.RESET_MEASURE

Format

SDO_LRS.RESET_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN OUT SDO_GEOMETRY

[, dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY]);

Description

Sets all measures of a geometric segment, including the start and end measures, to null values, overriding any previously assigned measures.

Parameters

geom_segment: Cartographic representation of a linear feature.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

An exception is raised if geom_segment has an invalid geometry type or dimensionality.

Examples

The following example sets all measures of a geometric segment to null values. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

-- First, display the original segment; then, redefine.
SELECT a.route_geometry FROM lrs_routes a WHERE a.route_id = 1;

ROUTE_GEOMETRY(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SRID, SDO_POINT(X, Y, Z), SDO_ELEM_INFO, SDO_ORDIN
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3302, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 2, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
2, 2, 0, 2, 4, 2, 8, 4, 8, 12, 4, 12, 12, 10, 18, 8, 10, 22, 5, 14, 27))        
                                                                                
-- Reset geometric segment measures.
DECLARE
geom_segment SDO_GEOMETRY;

BEGIN

SELECT a.route_geometry into geom_segment FROM lrs_routes a
  WHERE a.route_name = 'Route1';

SDO_LRS.RESET_MEASURE (geom_segment);

-- Update and insert geometries into table, to display later.
UPDATE lrs_routes a SET a.route_geometry = geom_segment
   WHERE a.route_id = 1;

END;
/

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

-- Display the segment, with all measures set to null.
SELECT a.route_geometry FROM lrs_routes a WHERE a.route_id = 1;

ROUTE_GEOMETRY(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SRID, SDO_POINT(X, Y, Z), SDO_ELEM_INFO, SDO_ORDIN
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3302, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 2, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
2, 2, NULL, 2, 4, NULL, 8, 4, NULL, 12, 4, NULL, 12, 10, NULL, 8, 10, NULL, 5, 1
4, NULL))

SDO_LRS.REVERSE_GEOMETRY

Format

SDO_LRS.REVERSE_GEOMETRY(

geom IN SDO_GEOMETRY

[, dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY]

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

Description

Returns a new geometric segment by reversing the measure values and the direction of the original geometric segment.

Parameters

geom: Cartographic representation of a linear feature.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

This function:

Reverses the measure values of geom

That is, the start measure of geom is the end measure of the returned geometric segment, the end measure of geom is the start measure of the returned geometric segment, and all other measures are adjusted accordingly.
Reverses the direction of geom

Compare this function with SDO_LRS.REVERSE_MEASURE, which reverses only the measure values (not the direction) of a geometric segment.

To reverse the vertices of a non-LRS line string geometry, use the SDO_UTIL.REVERSE_LINESTRING function, which is described in Chapter 31.

An exception is raised if geom has an invalid geometry type or dimensionality. The geometry type must be a line or multiline, and the dimensionality must be 3 (two dimensions plus the measure dimension).

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.REVERSE_GEOMETRY_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Examples

The following example reverses the measure values and the direction of the geometric segment representing Route 1. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

-- Reverse direction and measures (for example, to prepare for
-- concatenating with another road).
-- First, display the original segment; then, reverse.
SELECT a.route_geometry FROM lrs_routes a WHERE a.route_id = 1;

ROUTE_GEOMETRY(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SRID, SDO_POINT(X, Y, Z), SDO_ELEM_INFO, SDO_ORDIN
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3302, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 2, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
2, 2, 0, 2, 4, 2, 8, 4, 8, 12, 4, 12, 12, 10, 18, 8, 10, 22, 5, 14, 27))        
                                                                                

SELECT  SDO_LRS.REVERSE_GEOMETRY(a.route_geometry, m.diminfo)
    FROM lrs_routes a, user_sdo_geom_metadata m
    WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY'
      AND a.route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.REVERSE_GEOMETRY(A.ROUTE_GEOMETRY,M.DIMINFO)(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SRID, SDO_PO
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3302, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 2, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
5, 14, 27, 8, 10, 22, 12, 10, 18, 12, 4, 12, 8, 4, 8, 2, 4, 2, 2, 2, 0))

Note in the returned segment that the M values (measures) now go in descending order from 27 to 0, and the segment start and end points have the opposite X and Y values as in the original segment (5,14 and 2,2 here, as opposed to 2,2 and 5,14 in the original).

SDO_LRS.REVERSE_MEASURE

Format

SDO_LRS.REVERSE_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY

[, dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY]

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

Description

Returns a new geometric segment by reversing the measure values, but not the direction, of the original geometric segment.

Parameters

geom_segment: Cartographic representation of a linear feature.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

This function:

Reverses the measure values of geom_segment

That is, the start measure of geom_segment is the end measure of the returned geometric segment, the end measure of geom_segment is the start measure of the returned geometric segment, and all other measures are adjusted accordingly.
Does not affect the direction of geom_segment

Compare this function with SDO_LRS.REVERSE_GEOMETRY, which reverses both the direction and the measure values of a geometric segment.

An exception is raised if geom_segment has an invalid geometry type or dimensionality.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.REVERSE_MEASURE_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Note:

The behavior of the SDO_LRS.REVERSE_MEASURE function changed after release 8.1.7. In release 8.1.7, REVERSE_MEASURE reversed both the measures and the segment direction. However, if you want to have this same behavior with subsequent releases, you must use the SDO_LRS.REVERSE_GEOMETRY function.

Examples

The following example reverses the measure values of the geometric segment representing Route 1, but does not affect the direction. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

-- First, display the original segment; then, reverse.
SELECT a.route_geometry FROM lrs_routes a WHERE a.route_id = 1;

ROUTE_GEOMETRY(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SRID, SDO_POINT(X, Y, Z), SDO_ELEM_INFO, SDO_ORDIN
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3302, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 2, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
2, 2, 0, 2, 4, 2, 8, 4, 8, 12, 4, 12, 12, 10, 18, 8, 10, 22, 5, 14, 27))        
                                                                                

SELECT SDO_LRS.REVERSE_MEASURE(a.route_geometry, m.diminfo)
  FROM lrs_routes a, user_sdo_geom_metadata m
  WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY'
    AND a.route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.REVERSE_MEASURE(A.ROUTE_GEOMETRY,M.DIMINFO)(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SRID, SDO_POI
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3302, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 2, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
2, 2, 27, 2, 4, 25, 8, 4, 19, 12, 4, 15, 12, 10, 9, 8, 10, 5, 5, 14, 0))

Note in the returned segment that the M values (measures) now go in descending order from 27 to 0, but the segment start and end points have the same X and Y values as in the original segment (2,2 and 5,14).

SDO_LRS.SCALE_GEOM_SEGMENT

Format

SDO_LRS.SCALE_GEOM_SEGMENT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

start_measure IN NUMBER,

end_measure IN NUMBER,

shift_measure IN NUMBER,

tolerance IN NUMBER DEFAULT 1.0e-8

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

SDO_LRS.SCALE_GEOM_SEGMENT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

start_measure IN NUMBER,

end_measure IN NUMBER,

shift_measure IN NUMBER,

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

Description

Returns the geometry object resulting from a measure scaling operation on a geometric segment.

Parameters

geom_segment: Cartographic representation of a linear feature.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
start_measure: Start measure of the geometric segment.
end_measure: End measure of the geometric segment.
shift_measure: Amount to be added to each measure value after the initial scaling. A value of 0 (zero) means that nothing is added (no shifting of measure values).
tolerance: Tolerance value (see Section 1.5.5 and Section 7.6). The default value is 0.00000001.

Usage Notes

This function performs the following actions:

It redistributes the measure values of the LRS geometric segment, using between start_measure for the start point and end_measure for the end point, and adjusting (scaling) the measure values in between accordingly.
If shift_measure is not 0 (zero), it translates (shifts) each measure value computed in step 1 by adding the shift_measure value.

The action of this function is sometimes referred to as "stretching" the measure values. The function affects only the measure values; the other coordinates of the geometry are not changed.

An exception is raised if geom_segment, start_measure, or end_measure is invalid.

The direction of the resulting geometric segment is preserved (that is, it reflects the original segment).

For more information about scaling geometric segments, see Section 7.5.6.

Examples

The following example scales the geometric segment representing Route 1, returning a segment in which the start measure is specified as100, the end measure is specified 200, with a shift measure value of 10. Consequently, after all measure values are scaled according to the start and end measure values, 10 is added to all measure values. Thus, for example, the start point measure is 110 and the end point measure is 210 in the returned geometry. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SQL> SELECT  SDO_LRS.SCALE_GEOM_SEGMENT(route_geometry, 100, 200, 10)
  FROM lrs_routes WHERE route_id = 1;
 
SDO_LRS.SCALE_GEOM_SEGMENT(ROUTE_GEOMETRY,100,200,10)(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SRID, SDO_P
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3302, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 2, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
2, 2, 110, 2, 4, 117.407407, 8, 4, 139.62963, 12, 4, 154.444444, 12, 10, 176.666
667, 8, 10, 191.481481, 5, 14, 210))

SDO_LRS.SET_PT_MEASURE

Format

SDO_LRS.SET_PT_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN OUT SDO_GEOMETRY,

point IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

measure IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2;

SDO_LRS.SET_PT_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN OUT SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

point IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

pt_dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

measure IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2;

SDO_LRS.SET_PT_MEASURE(

point IN OUT SDO_GEOMETRY,

measure IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2;

SDO_LRS.SET_PT_MEASURE(

point IN OUT SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

measure IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2;

Description

Sets the measure value of a specified point.

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment containing the point.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment (in the second format) or point (in the fourth format), usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
point: Point for which the measure value is to be set.
pt_dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to point (in the second format), usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
measure: Measure value to be assigned to the specified point.

Usage Notes

The function returns TRUE if the measure value was successfully set, and FALSE if the measure value was not set.

If both geom_segment and point are specified, the behavior of the procedure depends on whether or not point is a shape point on geom_segment:

If point is a shape point on geom_segment, the measure value of point is set.
If point is not a shape point on geom_segment, the shape point on geom_segment that is nearest to point is found, and the measure value of that shape point is set.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.SET_PT_MEASURE_3D) is available; however, only the formats that include the geom_segment parameter are available for SDO_LRS.SET_PT_MEASURE_3D. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

An exception is raised if geom_segment or point is invalid.

Examples

The following example sets the measure value of point (8,10) to 20. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

-- Set the measure value of point 8,10 to 20 (originally 22).
DECLARE
geom_segment SDO_GEOMETRY;
dim_array SDO_DIM_ARRAY;
result VARCHAR2(32);

BEGIN

SELECT a.route_geometry into geom_segment FROM lrs_routes a
  WHERE a.route_name = 'Route1';
SELECT m.diminfo into dim_array from 
  user_sdo_geom_metadata m
  WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY';

-- Set the measure value of point 8,10 to 20 (originally 22).
result := SDO_LRS.SET_PT_MEASURE (geom_segment, 
  SDO_GEOMETRY(3301, NULL, NULL, 
     SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 1, 1), 
     SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(8, 10, 22)),
  20);

-- Display the result.
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Returned value = ' || result);

END;
/
Returned value = TRUE

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SDO_LRS.SPLIT_GEOM_SEGMENT

Format

SDO_LRS.SPLIT_GEOM_SEGMENT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

split_measure IN NUMBER,

segment_1 OUT SDO_GEOMETRY,

segment_2 OUT SDO_GEOMETRY);

SDO_LRS.SPLIT_GEOM_SEGMENT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

split_measure IN NUMBER,

segment_1 OUT SDO_GEOMETRY,

segment_2 OUT SDO_GEOMETRY);

Description

Splits a geometric segment into two geometric segments.

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment to be split.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
split_measure: Distance measured from the start point of a geometric segment to the split point.
segment_1: First geometric segment: from the start point of geom_segment to the split point.
segment_2: Second geometric segment: from the split point to the end point of geom_segment.

Usage Notes

An exception is raised if geom_segment or split_measure is invalid.

The directions and measures of the resulting geometric segments are preserved.

The _3D format of this procedure (SDO_LRS.SPLIT_GEOM_SEGMENT_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions and procedures, see Section 7.4.

For more information about splitting a geometric segment, see Section 7.5.4.

Examples

DECLARE
geom_segment SDO_GEOMETRY;
line_string SDO_GEOMETRY;
dim_array SDO_DIM_ARRAY;
result_geom_1 SDO_GEOMETRY;
result_geom_2 SDO_GEOMETRY;
result_geom_3 SDO_GEOMETRY;

BEGIN

SELECT a.route_geometry into geom_segment FROM lrs_routes a
  WHERE a.route_name = 'Route1';
SELECT m.diminfo into dim_array from 
  user_sdo_geom_metadata m
  WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY';

-- Define the LRS segment for Route1.
SDO_LRS.DEFINE_GEOM_SEGMENT (geom_segment, 
  dim_array,
  0,    -- Zero starting measure: LRS segment starts at start of route.
  27);  -- End of LRS segment is at measure 27.

SELECT a.route_geometry INTO line_string FROM lrs_routes a 
  WHERE a.route_name = 'Route1';

-- Split Route1 into two segments.
SDO_LRS.SPLIT_GEOM_SEGMENT(line_string,dim_array,5,result_geom_1,result_geom_2);

-- Concatenate the segments that were just split.
result_geom_3 := SDO_LRS.CONCATENATE_GEOM_SEGMENTS(result_geom_1, dim_array, result_geom_2, dim_array);

-- Insert geometries into table, to display later.
INSERT INTO lrs_routes VALUES(
  11,
  'result_geom_1',
  result_geom_1
);
INSERT INTO lrs_routes VALUES(
  12,
  'result_geom_2',
  result_geom_2
);
INSERT INTO lrs_routes VALUES(
  13,
  'result_geom_3',
  result_geom_3
);

END;
/

SDO_LRS.TRANSLATE_MEASURE

Format

SDO_LRS.TRANSLATE_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

translate_m IN NUMBER

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

SDO_LRS.TRANSLATE_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

translate_m IN NUMBER

) RETURN SDO_GEOMETRY;

Description

Returns a new geometric segment by translating the original geometric segment (that is, shifting the start and end measures by a specified value).

Parameters

geom_segment: Cartographic representation of a linear feature.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
translate_m: Distance measured from the start point of a geometric segment to the start point of the linear feature.

Usage Notes

This function adds translate_m to the start and end measures of geom_segment. For example, if geom_segment has a start measure of 50 and an end measure of 100, and if translate_m is 10, the returned geometric segment has a start measure of 60 and an end measure of 110, as shown in Figure 24-1.

Figure 24-1 Translating a Geometric Segment

Description of "Figure 24-1 Translating a Geometric Segment"

An exception is raised if geom_segment has an invalid geometry type or dimensionality.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.TRANSLATE_MEASURE_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Examples

The following example translates (shifts) by 10 the geometric segment representing Route 1. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT SDO_LRS.TRANSLATE_MEASURE(a.route_geometry, m.diminfo, 10)
  FROM lrs_routes a, user_sdo_geom_metadata m
  WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY'
    AND a.route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.TRANSLATE_MEASURE(A.ROUTE_GEOMETRY,M.DIMINFO,10)(SDO_GTYPE, SDO_SRID, SD
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SDO_GEOMETRY(3002, NULL, NULL, SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 2, 1), SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(
2, 2, 10, 2, 4, 12, 8, 4, 18, 12, 4, 22, 12, 10, 28, 8, 10, 32, 5, 14, 37))

SDO_LRS.VALID_GEOM_SEGMENT

Format

SDO_LRS.VALID_GEOM_SEGMENT(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY

[, dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY]

) RETURN VARCHAR2;

Description

Checks if a geometry object is a valid geometric segment.

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment to be checked for validity.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

This function returns TRUE if geom_segment is valid and FALSE if geom_segment is not valid.

Measure information is assumed to be stored in the last element of the SDO_DIM_ARRAY in the Oracle Spatial and Graph metadata.

This function only checks for geometry type and number of dimensions of the geometric segment. To further validate measure information, use the SDO_LRS.IS_GEOM_SEGMENT_DEFINED function.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.VALID_GEOM_SEGMENT_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Examples

The following example checks if the geometric segment representing Route 1 is valid. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT  SDO_LRS.VALID_GEOM_SEGMENT(route_geometry)
  FROM lrs_routes WHERE route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.VALID_GEOM_SEGMENT(ROUTE_GEOMETRY)                                      
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TRUE

SDO_LRS.VALID_LRS_PT

Format

SDO_LRS.VALID_LRS_PT(

point IN SDO_GEOMETRY

[, dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY]

) RETURN VARCHAR2;

Description

Checks if an LRS point is valid.

Parameters

point: Point to be checked for validity.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to point, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

This function returns TRUE if point is valid and FALSE if point is not valid.

This function checks if point is a point with measure information, and it checks for the geometry type and number of dimensions for the point geometry.

All LRS point data must be stored in the SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY and SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY, and cannot be stored in the SDO_POINT field in the SDO_GEOMETRY definition of the point.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.VALID_LRS_PT_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Examples

The following example checks if point (9,3,NULL) is a valid LRS point. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT  SDO_LRS.VALID_LRS_PT(
    SDO_GEOMETRY(3301, NULL, NULL,
       SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1, 1, 1),
       SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(9, 3, NULL)),
    m.diminfo)
    FROM lrs_routes a, user_sdo_geom_metadata m
    WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY'
      AND a.route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.VALID_LRS_PT(SDO_GEOMETRY(3301,NULL,NULL,SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1,1,1),SDO_
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TRUE

SDO_LRS.VALID_MEASURE

Format

SDO_LRS.VALID_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

measure IN NUMBER

) RETURN VARCHAR2;

SDO_LRS.VALID_MEASURE(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY,

dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY,

measure IN NUMBER

) RETURN VARCHAR2;

Description

Checks if a measure falls within the measure range of a geometric segment.

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment to be checked to see if measure falls within its measure range.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).
measure: Measure value to be checked to see if it falls within the measure range of geom_segment.

Usage Notes

This function returns TRUE if measure falls within the measure range of geom_segment and FALSE if measure does not fall within the measure range of geom_segment.

An exception is raised if geom_segment has an invalid geometry type or dimensionality.

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.VALID_MEASURE_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Examples

The following example checks if 50 is a valid measure on the Route 1 segment. The function returns FALSE because the measure range for that segment is 0 to 27. For example, if the route is 27 miles long with mile markers at 1-mile intervals, there is no 50-mile marker because the last marker is the 27-mile marker. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT  SDO_LRS.VALID_MEASURE(route_geometry, 50)
  FROM lrs_routes WHERE route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.VALID_MEASURE(ROUTE_GEOMETRY,50)                                        
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FALSE

SDO_LRS.VALIDATE_LRS_GEOMETRY

Format

SDO_LRS.VALIDATE_LRS_GEOMETRY(

geom_segment IN SDO_GEOMETRY

[, dim_array IN SDO_DIM_ARRAY]

) RETURN VARCHAR2;

Description

Checks if an LRS geometry is valid.

Parameters

geom_segment: Geometric segment to be checked.
dim_array: Dimensional information array corresponding to geom_segment, usually selected from one of the xxx_SDO_GEOM_METADATA views (described in Section 2.8).

Usage Notes

This function returns TRUE if geom_segment is valid and one of the following errors if geom_segment is not valid:

ORA-13331 (invalid LRS segment)
ORA-13335 (measure information not defined)

The _3D format of this function (SDO_LRS.VALIDATE_LRS_GEOMETRY_3D) is available. For information about _3D formats of LRS functions, see Section 7.4.

Examples

The following example checks if the Route 1 segment is a valid LRS geometry. (This example uses the definitions from the example in Section 7.7.)

SELECT SDO_LRS.VALIDATE_LRS_GEOMETRY(a.route_geometry, m.diminfo)
   FROM lrs_routes a, user_sdo_geom_metadata m
   WHERE m.table_name = 'LRS_ROUTES' AND m.column_name = 'ROUTE_GEOMETRY'
   AND a.route_id = 1;

SDO_LRS.VALIDATE_LRS_GEOMETRY(A.ROUTE_GEOMETRY,M.DIMINFO)                       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TRUE